STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY
Chapter 3
Random Sampling
“Parameter and Statistic”
GRACE T. BITARRA, CE/LPT
Lesson Objectives

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

• distinguishes between parameter and statistic.
▪ Parameter is a value or measurement obtained from a
population. It is usually referred to as the true or actual
value.
▪ Statistic is a value or measurement obtained from a
sample. It is an estimate of a parameter.
▪ If the average comes from the population, we call that
parameter (a numerical measure that describes the whole
population).
▪ If the average comes from the sample, we call that
statistic (a numerical measure that describes a sample).
▪ Parameters are usually denoted by Greek letters; (μ) for
population mean, (σ2) for population variance and (σ) for
population standard deviation.
▪ Statistic are denoted by Roman letters; (x̄) for sample
mean, (s2) for sample variance and (s) for sample standard
deviation
 Differences Between PARAMETER & STATISTIC
PARAMETER STATISTIC
1. A number describing a 1. A number describing a
whole population sample.
2. Descriptive measures 2. Descriptive measures
computed from computed from a
population sample.
3. Examples: 3. Examples:
Population mean, sample mean, sample
population variance, variance, sample
population standard standard deviation,
deviation, population sample proportion,
proportion
Examples:
PARAMETER STATISTIC
1. Proportion of all Filipinos 1. Proportion of 1000 randomly
that supports death penalty selected Filipinos that
supports death penalty
2. Average monthly income of 2. Average monthly income of
all families in Pandan, 1500 familles in Pandan,
Catanduanes Catanduanes
3. Standard deviation of 3. Standard deviation of
weights of all high school weights of 500 students
students in Catanduanes from Catanduanes
4. Mean score in NAT 4. Mean score in NAT
Examination in Examination in Math of
Mathematics of all students selected 300 students in
in PSAT PSAT
Examples:
A. Tell whether the given is a parameter or statistic:
1. The average weight of all males in the Philippines.
2. The average height of 100 cats in Pasig.
3. The average test score of 20 students in a class of 500.
4. The average daily allowance of all students in a class.
5. The mean grade of all students in a Statistics class is 88.5.
6. The average height of a sample of 50 male students is 5
feet and 7 inches.
7. Sixty (60) percent of all students at a particular high
school prefer modular distance learning.
8. A recent survey of 100 students showed that the average
number of hours they stay online is 4 hours a day.
9. All students in a certain school spend an average of 80
minutes in watching youtube videos.
A sample of 50 patients obtained a mean of 5 days to
recover from cough.
Examples:
B. For each statement, identify the parameter and statistic
used in the study.
1. The Food and Nutrition Research Institute of the
Department of Science and Technology (FNRI_DOST)
surveyed 14 million Filipino adults aged 20 and above and
determined 80% of Filipino adults are at risk of
hypertension.
2. A researcher wants to estimate the average death age of
Filipino women in the last decade and from a sample of
100 deaths, he obtained a sample mean age of 73.
3. Capvex is a drug used to treat patients with metastatic
breast cancer. An oncologist wants to determine the
proportion of patients taking Capvex who are healed
within 10 weeks. A random sample of 250 breast cancer
patients was selected and 200 of them were healed after
10 weeks.
Examples:
C. Answer the following:
1. The average score of the whole class of Grade 11 –
CSS from their first performance task in Gen. Math is
28.2 having 30 points as the total score.
a. Is the “whole class” stated population or sample?
b. Is the 28.2 average score considered parameter or
statistic?
2. 47 out of the 100 athletes were checked on their
height. The variance of their height is 3.4cm.
a. Are the 47 students a population or sample?
b. Is the 3.4cm variance considered parameter or
statistic?
Examples:
C. Answer the following:
3. In order to test the effect of the new drug against
the corona virus to humans, 20 patients were given
the dose. After a minute, it was found that the body
temperature in average, decreased by 2⁰C.
a. Are the 20 patients mentioned above population or
sample?
b. Is the 2⁰C decrease in the body temp. considered
parameter or statistic?
Exercises:
A. Identify whether the given value is a parameter or a
statistic.
1. The researcher found out that the 29 senior high school
teachers of a certain school spend an average of 2 hours
preparing their lessons.
2. Based on a sample of 900 elementary students, it was
found out 30% of them do not know multiplication facts.
3. Based on sample of 1,200 surveyed students, it was found
out that 20% of them needed financial assistance.
4. A teacher surveyed all 50 students under his advisory class
about their learning styles and found out that most them
are visual learners.
The Statistics teacher wants to know the average score of
the students in the final exam. He randomly selected 35
students and obtained an average score of 43.
Exercises:
6. The average weight of selected 50 Grade XI students of
Pandan SAT, School Year 2022-2023.
7. The proportion of all parents that support the Face to
Face classes after the time of Pandemic.
8. The mean weight of all the watermelon produced in
Bicol Region.
9. The standard deviation of the time consumed by the 100
SHS students of Catanduanes in their internet usage at
home.
10.The average height of all the Senior High School
students of Catanduanes.
Write your own example/scenario showing PARAMETER
and STATISTIC.