HSBPVT’s Group of Institutions

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI

Tal: Shrigonda, Dist.: Ahmednagar -414701

Department of Electrical Engineering

SUBJECT
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS

LAB MANUAL

Prepared By
Prof. H. S. Avchat

1
 INDEX

Sr. Title Page no.

No.
Interfacing of lamp and button with PLC for ON/OFF
1 operation. Verify All logic gates 3-5

Performed delayed operation of lamp by using push button

2 6-10
To study multiple push button operation with delayed lamp for on/off
operation
11-16
3 (a) Multiple push button operation with delayed lamp for ON/OFF
operation
(b) Combination of counter and timer for lamp ON or OFF operation.
To set and reset lamp by using one push button for ON and one push
4 button for OFF. 17-19

To study the DOL starter and star delta starter operation by

5 using PLC Apparatus 20-22

PLC based temperature sensing using RTD

6 23-25
To study PLC based thermal ON/OFF control
7 26-17
To study PLC interface with SCADA and status
8 read/command transfer Operation. 28-30

Alarm annunciation using SCADA

9 31-34
Reporting and trending in SCADA System.
10 35-37
Temperature monitoring using SCADA
11 38-40

2
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT. NO. 1
TITLE: Interfacing of lamp and button with PLC for ON/OFF operation.

Verify all logic gates

AIM: To study interfacing of lamp and button with PLC for ON/OFF operation.

APPARATUS

PRELAB: - 1) PLC-AB Micrologix1400A

2) I/O configuration.

THEORY: INTRODUCTION TO PLC

Definition of PLC: - PLC is a microprocessor based digital controller which performs and
controls many functions of many types and levels of complexity.

Advantages of PLC:-
1) Lower cost:-It performs more functions in less expensive packages.
2) Flexibility: - In the past each electronically controlled power machine is required to
control each device. Now it is possible to control many devices by one PLC.
3) Speed of operation: - Relay takes more time to operation .Speed of operation of PLC
is very fast i.e. scan time is very less.
4) Implementation changes and corrections: - In PLC based systems; program can be
changed easily within less time.

Disadvantages of PLC:-
1) Environmental condition: - Due to high temperature of environment at
operating Station damages PLC.

2) Every technicians or labor must know the PLC operation.

3
MACHINE CONTROL COMPONENTS AND THEIR SYMBOLS IN
LADDER DIAGRAM:-
1) SWITCHES:-
There are two fundamental uses for switches. First’ switches are used for operator
input to send instructions to the control circuit. Second, switches may be installed on the
moving parts of a machine to provide automatic feedback to the control system.

2) PUSH BUTTON:-
The most common switch is the push button. It is widely used in automotive and
electronic equipment applications. There are two types of push button- the momentary and
maintained. The momentary push button switch is activated when the button is pressed and
deactivated when the button is released. The deactivation is done using an internal spring. The
maintained push button activates when pressed, but remains activated when it is released. To
deactivate it, it must be pressed second time. For this reason, this type of switch is sometimes
called a push-push switch. The ON/OFF switches on desktop computers and laboratory
oscilloscopes are maintained push buttons .The contacts on switches can be of two types.
These are normally open (N/O) and normally closed (N/C) .Whenever the switch is in its
deactivated position, the N/O contacts will be open (non-conducting) and the N/C contacts will
be closed (conducting).There are no internal electrical connection between different contact
pairs on the same switch.

3) SELECTOR SWITCHES:-
A selector switch is also known as a rotary switch. An automobile ignition switch and
an oscilloscopes vertical gain and horizontal time base switches are examples of selector
switches. The top contacts are closed when the switch selector is turned to the left position and
open when the switch selector is turned to the right. The bottom set of contacts works exactly
opposite. There is no electrical connection between top and bottom pairs of contacts. In most
cases, we label the selector positions same as the labeling on the panel where the switch is
located.

4) LIMIT SWITCHES:-
Normally, limit switches are not operator accessible. They are activated by moving parts
on the machine. They are usually mechanical switches but can also be light activated (such as
the automatic door openers used by stores and supermarkets) or magnetically operated (such
as the magnetic by stores and home security system that sense window has been opened).

5) INDICATOR LAMPS:-
All the control panels include indicator lamps. They tell the operator when power is
applied to machine and indicate the present operating status of the machine. The light bulbs
used in indicators are generally incandescent (white), they are usually covered with colored
lenses. The colors are usually red, green, or amber, but other colors are also available. Red
lamps are reserved for safety critical indicators (power is ON, the machine is running, an
access panel is open, or that a fault has occurred). Green usually indicates safe condition
(power to the motor is OFF, brakes are ON, etc.). Amber indicates conditions that are
important but not dangerous

4
(Fluid getting low, machine paused. Machine warming up, etc.). Other colors indicate
information not critical to the safe operation of the machine (time for preventive maintenance,
etc.). Sometimes it is important to attract the operator’s attention with a lamp. In these cases,
we usually flash the lamp continuously ON and OFF.

Statement:-
Draw a ladder diagram to operate a lamp with one push button for ON and OFF
operation.

Explanation:-
When input i.e. button (I: 0/0) is ON or it is pressed, O/P lamp (O:0/0) should become ON
.

When input i.e. button (I: 0/0) is OFF or it is pressed, O/P lamp (O:0/0) should become
OFF .

Ladder Diagram:-
 Interfacing of lamp and button with PLC for ON/OFF operation

Conclusion:-

5
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 2
TITLE: Performed delayed operation of lamp by using push button

AIM: To study interfacing of lamp and button with PLC for ON/OFF operation. With delayed
operation

APPARATUS
.
PRELAB: - 1) PLC-AB Micrologix1400A

2) I/O configuration.

THEORY: INTRODUCTION TO PLC

Definition of PLC: - PLC is a microprocessor based digital controller which performs and
controls many functions of many types and levels of complexity.

Advantages of PLC:-

5) Lower cost:-It performs more functions in less expensive packages.

6) Flexibility: - In the past each electronically controlled power machine is required to
control each device. Now it is possible to control many devices by one PLC.
7) Speed of operation: - Relay takes more time to operation .Speed of operation of PLC
is very fast i.e. scan time is very less.
8) Implementation changes and corrections: - In PLC based systems; program can be
changed easily within less time.

Disadvantages of PLC:-

3) Environmental condition: - Due to high temperature of environment at operating

station damages PLC.
4) Every technicians or labor must know the PLC operation.

6
MACHINE CONTROL COMPONENTS AND THEIR SYMBOLS IN
LADDER DIAGRAM:-
6) SWITCHES :-
There are two fundamental uses for switches. First’ switches are used for operator
input to send instructions to the control circuit. Second, switches may be installed on the
moving parts of a machine to provide automatic feedback to the control system.

7) PUSH BUTTON:-
The most common switch is the push button. It is widely used in automotive and
electronic equipment applications. There are two types of push button- the momentary and
maintained. The momentary push button switch is activated when the button is pressed and
deactivated when the button is released. The deactivation is done using an internal spring. The
maintained push button activates when pressed, but remains activated when it is released. To
deactivate it, it must be pressed second time. For this reason, this type of switch is sometimes
called a push-push switch. The ON/OFF switches on desktop computers and laboratory
oscilloscopes are maintained push buttons .The contacts on switches can be of two types.
These are normally open (N/O) and normally closed (N/C) .Whenever the switch is in its
deactivated position, the N/O contacts will be open (non-conducting) and the N/C contacts will
be closed (conducting).There are no internal electrical connection between different contact
pairs on the same switch.

8) SELECTOR SWITCHES:-
A selector switch is also known as a rotary switch. An automobile ignition switch and
an oscilloscopes vertical gain and horizontal time base switches are examples of selector
switches. The top contacts are closed when the switch selector is turned to the left position and
open when the switch selector is turned to the right. The bottom set of contacts works exactly
opposite. There is no electrical connection between top and bottom pairs of contacts. In most
cases, we label the selector positions same as the labeling on the panel where the switch is
located.

9) LIMIT SWITCHES:-
Normally, limit switches are not operator accessible. They are activated by moving parts
on the machine. They are usually mechanical switches but can also be light activated (such as
the automatic door openers used by stores and supermarkets) or magnetically operated (such
as the magnetic by stores and home security system that sense window has been opened).

10) INDICATOR LAMPS:-

All the control panels include indicator lamps. They tell the operator when power is
applied to machine and indicate the present operating status of the machine. The light bulbs
used in indicators are generally incandescent (white), they are usually covered with colored
lenses. The colors are usually red, green, or amber, but other colors are also available. Red

7
Lamps are reserved for safety critical indicators (power is ON, the machine is running, an
access panel is open, or that a fault has occurred). Green usually indicates safe condition
(power to the motor is OFF, brakes are ON, etc.). Amber indicates conditions that are
important but not dangerous (fluid getting low, machine paused. Machine warming up, etc.).
Other colors indicate information not critical to the safe operation of the machine (time for
preventive maintenance, etc.). Sometimes it is important to attract the operator’s attention with
a lamp. In these cases, we usually flash the lamp continuously ON and OFF.

11) Time Delay Relays

It is possible to construct a relay with a built-in time delay device that causes the relay to either
switch on after a time delay, or to switch off after a time delay. These types of relays are called
time delay relays, or TDR’s. The schematic symbols for a TDR coil and contacts are the same
as for a conventional relay, except that the coil symbol has the letters “TDR” or “TR” written
inside, or next to the coil symbol. The relay itself looks similar to any other relay except that it
has a control knob on it that allows the user to set the amount of time delay. There are two
basic types of time delay relay. They are the delay-on timer, sometimes called a TON
(pronounced Tee-On), and the delay off timer, sometimes called a TOF (pronounced Tee-Off).
It is important to understand the difference between these relays in order to specify and apply
them correctly. Delay-On Timer (TON) Relay When an on-timer is installed in a circuit, the
user adjusts the control on the relay for the desired time delay. There is time setting is called
the preset. Figure 1-16 shows a timing diagram of a delay-on time delay relay. Notice on the
top waveform that we are simply turning on power to the relay’s coil and some undetermined
time later, turning it off (the amount of time that the coil is energized makes no difference to
the operation of the relay). When the coil is energized, the internal timer in the relay begins
running (this can be either a motor driven mechanical timer or an electronic timer). When the
time value contained in the timer reaches the present value, the relay energizes. When this
happens, all normally open (N/O) contacts on the relay close and all normally closed (N/C)
contacts on the relay open. Notice also that when power is removed from the relay coil, the
contacts immediately return to their de-energized state, the timer is reset, and the relay is ready
to begin timing again the next time
Power is applied. If power is applied to the coil and then switched off before the preset time is
reached, the relay contacts never activate.

TDR
On Delay
Coil POW ER

TDR

N/O Contact

TDR

N/C Con tact

Figure1-16 - Delay-On Timer Relay

8
Delay-on relays are useful for delaying turn-on events. For example, when the motor is started
on a machine, a TON time delay relay can be used to disable all the other controls for a few
seconds until the motor has had time to achieve running speed.

Statement:-

Draw a ladder diagram to operate a lamp with one push button for
ON and OFF operation.

Explanation:-
When input i.e. button (I: 0/0) is ON or it is pressed, O/P lamp (O:0/0) should become
ON.

When input i.e. button (I: 0/0) is OFF or it is pressed, O/P lamp (O:0/0) should become
OFF .

Ladder Diagram:-
Performed delayed operation of lamp by using push button

9
Conclusion:--

10
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 3

TITLE: (a) Multiple push button operation with delayed lamp for ON/OFF operation
(b) Combination of counter and timer for lamp ON or OFF operation.
AIM: To study multiple push button operation with delayed lamp for on/off operation.

APPARATUS
PRELAB: - 1) PLC-AB Micrologix1400A

2) I/O configuration.

THEORY: TIMERS AND COUNTERS

PLC timers and counters are internal instructions that provide the same functions as
Hardware timers and counters. They activate or deactivate a device after a time interval
has expired or a count has reached a preset value. Timer and counter instructions are
generally considered internal outputs. Like relay-type instructions, timer and counter
instructions are fundamental to the ladder diagram instruction set.

TIMERS
There are mainly three types of timers use in PLC programming as follows-
1) Delay-On Timer (TON) Relay
2) Delay-Off Timer (TOF) Relay
3) Retentive Timer

1) Delay-On Timer (TON) Relay

When an on-timer is installed in a circuit, the user adjusts the control on the relay for the
desired time delay. This time setting is called the preset. Figure 2-a shows a timing diagram of
a delay on time delay relay. Notice on the top waveform that we are simply turning on power
to the relay’s coil and some undetermined time later, turning it off (the amount of time that the
coil is energized makes no difference to the operation of the relay). When the coil is energized,
the internal timer in the relay begins running (this can be either a motor driven mechanical
timer or an electronic timer). When the time value contained in the timer reaches the present
value, the relay energizes. When this happens, all normally open (N/O) contacts on the relay
close and all normally closed (N/C) contacts on the relay open. Notice also that when power is
removed from the relay coil, the contacts immediately return to their de-energized state, the
timer is reset, and the relay is ready to begin timing again the next time power is applied. If

11
Power is applied to the coil and then switched off before the preset time is reached, the relay
contacts never activate.

TDR Coil
On Delay
Power

TDR N/O

Contact

TDR N/C

Contact

Figure -2-a Delay-On Timer Relay

2) Delay-Off Timer (TOF) Relay

Figure 2-b shows a timing diagram for a delay off timer. In this case, at the instant power is
applied to the relay coil, the contacts activate - that is, the N/O contacts close, and the N/C
contacts open. The time delay occurs when the relay is switched off. After power is removed
from the relay coil, the contacts stay activated until the relay times-out. If the relay coil is re-
energized before the relay times-out, the timer will reset, and the relay will remain energized
until power is removed, at which time it will again begin the delay-off cycle.
TDR Coil Off Delay
Power

TDR N/O

Contact

TDR N/C

Contact

Figure 2-b - Delay-Off Timer Relay

12
3) Retentive timer:
It is used to reset accumulated value through power loss, process change state or in rung
from true to false. For e.g.: - RTO is used to true running time OR motor for maintenance. The
Time is used to track accumulated value time the motor has run. For e.g. motor
need maintenance 8 hr. (28800 sec) Each time the motor is turned off the timer need to
remember motor’s total elapse time, next time when the motor is turned ON the timer will
increased accumulated running time where it left off. When total accumulated running time
has been reached, maintenance reminder time will be off, same procedure repeats.
RESET instruction is used to reset accumulated value of a timer. It is used only in retentive
timer & not in ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ delay timer.

COUNTER
There are two basic types of counters: those that can count up and those that can count
down. Depending on the controller, the format of these counters may vary. Some PLCs use the
ladder format (output coil), while others use functional block format.

1) Up Counter

An up counter (CTU) output instruction adds a count, in increments of one, every time
its referenced event occurs. In a control application, this counter turns a device ON or OFF
after reaching a certain count (i.e., the preset value in the preset register). Also, this counter
can keep track of the number of parts (e.g., filled bottles, machined parts, etc.) that pass a
certain point. An up counter increases its accumulated value (the count value in its
accumulated register) each time the up-count event makes an OFF-to-ON transition. When the
accumulated value reaches the preset value, the counter turns ON the output, finishes the
count, and closes the contact associated with the referenced output. After the counter reaches
the preset value, it either resets its accumulated register to zero or continues its count for each
OFF-to-ON transition, depending on the controller. In the latter case, a reset instruction is
used to

2) Down Counter

A down counter (CTD) output instruction decreases the count value in its accumulated
register by one every time a certain event occurs. In practical use, a down counter is used in
conjunction with an up counter to form an up/ down counter, given that both counters have the
same reference registers. In an up/down counter, the down counter provides a way to correct
data that is input by the up counter. For example, while an up counter counts the number of
filled bottles that pass a certain point, a down counter with the same reference address can
subtract one from the accumulated count value every time it senses an empty or improperly
filled bottle. Depending on the programmable controller, the down counter will either stop
counting down at zero or at a specified maximum negative value. In a block format instruction,
a down count occurs every time the down input of the counter transitions from OFF to ON.

13
 3) Counter Reset

A counter reset (CTR) output instruction resets up counter and down counter accumulated
values to zero. When programmed, a counter reset coil has the same reference address as the

Corresponding up/down counter coils. If the counter reset rung condition is TRUE, the reset
instruction will clear the referenced address. The reset line in a block format counter
instruction sets the accumulated count to zero (accumulated register = 0).

 Timer element instruction

EN TT DN Reserved bit Word 0

Preset value Word 1

Accumulated value Word 2

 Addressing mode of timer:

1. T4: 0- Timer 0 in file NO. 4
2. T4: 0 ACC – sub-element is accumulator.
3. T4: 0 PRE- Sub-element is preset value.

The ON-OFF operation of delayed lamp can be achieved with PLC programming. In
this programming the ON delay timer is used to give an output. Also ‘OR’ logic for
multiple input is used as shown in ladder diagram. To achieve the multiple push-button
operation ‘OR’ logic configuration is must which is similar to parallel combination of
electrical circuit. The function of or logic is that whenever a logic 1 to any input either
1 or 2 as shown in fig, there is an output. When logic 0 to both inputs, there will not be
no output.
EXPLANATION:
When PB1 I: O/0 or I: O/1 or I: O/2 is pressed Timer T4:0 will become on which
generate delays as per the set. When present value of timer that is set value of delay
and accumulator value of the timer will become equal to DN(done) bit of the timer
will set and O/P i.e. Lamp (o: 0.0) (GREEN) will on after the delay.
When I:O/0 PB1 and I:O/1 PB2 or I:O/0 PB1 and I:O/2 PB3 or I:O/1 PB2 or I:O@
PB3 is ON Timer T4:4 will become ON which generate delay as per the set.
When present value of the timer i.e. set value of delay and accumulator value of the
timer will become equal to DN(done) bit of the timer will set and O/p is lamp
YELLOW(O:0/1) will ON after the delay.
When input PB1(I:O/0) PB(I:O/0) &PB3(I:O/2) is ON Timer T4:2 will become on
which generate delay as per the set. When preset value of the timer i.e. set value of

14
 Delay and accumulator value of the timer will become equal to DN(done) bit of the
timer will be set and o/p i.e. lamp RED (O:0/2) will on after the delay.

Ladder diagram:

(a) Multiple push button operation with delayed lamp for ON/OFF operation

15
 (b) Combination of counter and timer for lamp ON or OFF operation.

Conclusion:

16
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 4

TITLE: To study set and reset operation of lamp.

AIM: To set and reset lamp by using one push button for ON and one push

button for OFF.

APPARATUS
.
PRELAB: - 1) PLC-AB Micrologix1400A

2) I/O configuration.

THEORY:

An operation latching instruction is an operation instruction used to maintain or

latch an operation ON even if status of input logic that caused the output to energize
changes.

When any logic path on the ladder rung containing the latching instruction has
continuity the output referred to latching instruction turns on and remains on even if
rung’s logical continuity or PLC system power is lost. Since the latch instruction retains
its state through a system power loss, the latching instruction is called a retentive
instruction.
Remember, the processor’s battery must be in good condition for the latching status
to be remembered in case of power failure.

The latched instruction will remain in a latched ON condition until unlatch

instruction with same reference address is energized. Latch and unlatch instruction are
always used in pairs, each instruction is located on separate rung.

17
Analysis of Ladder logic and rung operation
Figure shows ladder diagram rungs. First rung shows latch instruction while other contains
unlatch instruction.
When input I : 0/1 on first rung is energized , the output latch instruction , address O:0/0 is
energized. The output latch instruction will remain latched on and will be unaffected no
matter how input I: 0/1 changes. We must use output unlatch instruction. The unlatch
instruction will turn off output O: 0/0 these particular example rungs have only one input
each. Any valid input logic may be used as input to latch and unlatch instruction. The
following rules pertain to most latch and unlatch instruction. The following rules pertain to
most latch and unlatch instruction.

 Latch and unlatch instruction are used in pairs.

 Latch and unlatch pairs of instruction must have the same reference address.
 The latch and unlatch ladder rungs do not need to be grouped together in ladder
program.
 Latching and unlatching instruction are retentive, provided your plc system battery is
installed and in good condition.

Explanation:
When input PB1 (I: 0/0) is pressed, O/P lamp (O: 0/0) should become
ON. When input PB2 (I: 0/1) is pressed, O/P lamp (O:0/0) should become

OFF. Ladder Diagram:

18
Conclusion:

19
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 5
TITLE: DOL starter and star delta starter operation by using PLC.

AIM: To study the DOL starter and star delta starter operation by using PLC
Apparatus

APPARATUS
.
PRELAB: - 1) PLC-AB Micrologix1400A

2) I/O configuration.
THEORY:

Direct online (DOL) or across the line starter applies the full line voltage to the motor
terminal .This is the simplest type of motor starter. A DOL motor starter also contain
protection device and in some cases condition monitoring. Smaller size of on-line starters is
mutually operated .Larger size use an electromechanical contractor (relay) to switch the
motor circuit. Solid state direct online starter also exists.

A direct on-line starter can be used if the high in rush current of the motor does not
cause excessive voltage drop in the supply circuit .The maximum size of motor allowed on the
direct online starter may be limited by the supply utility for this reason. For example, utility
may require rural customer to use reduce the voltage starter for motors larger than 10 kW.

DOL starting is sometime used to start small water pumps, compressors, fans and
conveyor belts. In the case of an asynchronous motor, such as 3 phase squirrel cage motor ,

20
the motor will draw a high starting current until it has run up to full speed . This starting
current is typically 6 -7 times greater than the full load current. To reduce the in rush current,

Larger motors will have reduced –voltage starter on variable speed drives in order to
minimize voltage dips to the power supply.

A receiving starter can connect the motor for rotation in either direction. Such starters contain
two DOL circuits – one for clockwise operation and the other for counter-clockwise
operation, with mechanical and electrical interlocks to prevent simultaneous closure. For
three phase motor, this is achieved by transposing any two phases. Single phase AC motor
and direct – current motors require additional device for receiving rotation.

Star Delta Starter: In the star –delta starting method the wiring connection come from
the power supply source to the motor is connected from the star to the delta connection.
The motor is started in the star configuration and then it is transferred to the delta
configuration, allowing the full voltage to be applied to the motor during its running so as to
get the full torque output. This can be further explained that in the star delta starter, the motor
is started as star connection and when the motor start running then the connection is changed
to the delta. With star connection, the motor takes 3 times less voltage. However as the torque
is proportional to the square of the voltage, the starting torque also reduced.

Explanation:

1) DOL Starter : Whenever PB1 (I: 0/0) is pressed 3 phase motor gets connected to the
mains the motor (O:0/0) remains on the even after push button is released
2) Star-Delta Starter: when the mains (I:0/0) is ON or 3 phase AC supply is given that
time the motor is connected to star connection i.e. (O:0/0) ,so that the voltage across
the motor is reduced 3 times then after 5 seconds delay the delta connection is ON
(O:0/0).

21
Diagram:

CONCLUSION:

22
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT. NO. 6
Title: PLC based temperature sensing using RTD

Aim: To study PLC based thermal ON/OFF

control PLC Configuration :- i) PLC AB –

Micrologix1400A

ii) I/O configuration

Theory/ Explanation:-

In this experiment I/P valve (0:0/0.5) i.e. (B3:10/5) is ON when temp is less than
or equal to 30 and level is than or equal to 10 at that time O/P valve (0:0/0.6) i.e.
(B3:10/6) is OFF

If level goes high i.e. greater than or equal to 50 but the temp is less then O/P
valve is ON but I/P valve is still ON it will become OFF when temperature
become greater or equal to 50.

23
Ladder Diagram:

24
Conclusion:

25
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT. NO. 7
Title: PLC based thermal ON/OFF control

Aim: To study PLC based thermal ON/OFF control

PLC Configuration :- i) PLC AB – Micrologix1400A

ii) I/O configuration

Theory/ Explanation:-

In this experiment I/P valve (0:0/0.5) i.e. (B3:10/5) is ON when temp is less
than or equal to 25 and level is than or equal to 10 at that time O/P valve
(0:0/0.6) i.e. (B3:10/6) is OFF

If level goes high i.e. greater than or equal to 75 but the temp is less then O/P
valve is ON but I/P valve is still ON it will become OFF when temperature
become greater or equal to 50.

26
Ladder Diagram:

Conclusion:

27
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 08

Title: PLC interface with SCADA and status read/command transfer operation.
Aim: To study PLC interface with SCADA and status read/command transfer

Operation.

PLC Configuration :- i) PLC AB-Micrologix1400A.

ii) I/O configuration:-

iii) SCADA software – wonder ware touch

Theory/ Explanation:-

When the button for the input I: 0.0/4 is pressed status of the corresponding
I/P will change to green color and command for the same i.e. I: 0.0/4 “ON” is
also visible.

If it is OFF status of the corresponding I/P will change to red colour

and command for the same I: 0.0/4 “OFF” is also visible.

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Ladder Diagram:

SCADA screen:

29
Conclusion:

30
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 09

Title: Alarm annunciation using SCADA

Aim: To study alarm annunciation using SCADA
Apparatus: 1) PLC Micrologix1400A series)
2) SCADA Wonder ware software

Theory:
One of the most important implementation of SCADA is Alarm. The alarm has just two digital
status points with values ALARM or NORMAL. When the requirement of the Alarm is met
they are activated .For example, when the fuel tank is empty of car, the alarm is activated and
light glows. The attention of the SCADA operator is drawn to the system which requires
attention by the alarm to alert the SCADA operator along with the manager text messages and
emails are sent along with alarm activation.

When some of the variables in power station or substation are out of limit operator gets
corresponding alarm massages the operator receives the alarm signal by virtue of past
experience and human reasoning the control room operator determine the cause of trouble and
takes appropriate follow up action insure system security .

The knowledge of single alarm by them self is often in sufficient and the operator must able to
draw conclusion from knowing the status and the values of many other variable in the case of
breaker status values the operator are provided with one line display diagram have graphic
indication of breaker bus bar switches transformer etc. Further the breaker position are shown
so that a quick accurate assessment of a switching action can be obtained by looking at the
display.

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Statement:
Here are four hazard inputs to the alarm system that go on as some operational malfunction occurs.

The effects are:

a) When any one input is ON, yellow light is ON.

b) When any two inputs are ON, red light is ON.

c) When any three inputs are ON, an alarm siren sounds.

d) When any four inputs are ON, the fire department is notified.

PLC screen

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33
SCADA screen:

Conclusion:

34
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 10

Title- Reporting and trending in SCADA System.

Aim- To study reporting and trending in SCADA system.

Apparatus- i) PLC (Micrologix1400A series)

ii) SCADA Wonder ware software.

Theory-

Trend display is the distributed control system equivalent of chart records. They are a
profile of a value of a process variable showing changes that have been taken place over a
period of time.

The trend display information is valuable to the plant operator to observe the resent
pattern of operating history. It is valuable to the operator after an Upset has occurred, allowing
him to determine which several interrelated variable was the 1 st to be affected by changing
condition trends overlarge periods (over a week or more) can be saved on floppy disk,
storage &displayed when required. The figure show trend for the temperature set point
value & actual value sensed by the RTD. When we touch on any of the temperature indicator
block then this trends window will pop up. In some displays several trend graphs can be
displayed at ones allowing comprising of the history of several variables.

35
Diagram:
INPUT:

OUTPUT:

36
Conclusion:

37
 HSBPVT’s GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, KASHTI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PLC & SCADA APPLICATIONS
Final Year Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 11
Title- Temperature monitoring using SCADA

Aim- To study temperature monitoring using SCADA

PLC Configuration:-i) PLC AB-Micrologix1400A

ii) I/O configuration.

Theory/Explanation:-

When the auto button (1:0/0) is selected and set point is given from screen which is
stored in N7:0 temp. Sensed by RTD is given to I/P and it is stored in F8:0. Here we compare
the both set point value. When RTD value is greater then set point heater (0:0/0) is
automatically become OFF and if temperature goes low heating automatically starts.

When manual button (1:0/0) is selected there is no need to set the set point Value and
heater will turn ON and OFF with the help of manual button only.

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Diagram:

PLC screen:

39
SCADA screen:

Conclusion:

40