Etiquette & Customs in Australia

Meeting Etiquette
 Australian culture isn't particularly formal, greetings are usually informal and laid back.
A simple handshake, grin, and 'hi, how are you?' should suffice.
 Handshakes can be replaced with a simple greeting if you're attending a party or
another type of informal event.
 While an Australian may say 'G'day' or 'G'day, mate,' a foreigner may find this
patronizing.
 Even when meeting for the first time, Australians prefer to use their first names. As a
result, when you first meet someone, avoid using titles and instead introduce yourself
using only your first name.
 If you are a guest in Australia who is attending an event with an Australian equivalent,
you should be prepared to make introductions. Don't rely on your partner to do so.
 Close friends may kiss one other on the cheek or offer a quick back slap or hug, as
Australian culture is quite tactile. However, unless you know someone well and are in a
social context, you should avoid hugging, kissing, or back slapping them.

Gift Giving Etiquette

 To commemorate significant occasions such as birthdays, births, engagements, or
Christmas, small presents are regularly exchanged with family members, close friends,
and neighbors.
 Sanitation personnel, for example, may be awarded a bottle of wine or a six-pack of
beer!
 If you are invited to dinner at someone's home, it is customary to bring a box of
chocolates, a bottle of wine, or flowers. A decent bottle of wine is always a welcome
gift.
 Given the importance put on humility and equality, it's critical that gifts be modest and
affordable. Giving high-value gifts to close friends and family is appropriate, while giving
high value gifts to strangers might create embarrassment and be regarded as displaying
Your money
 Giving cash to Australians is almost never a smart idea unless you're giving a little
amount to a child.
 When you receive a gift, you usually open it right away

Dining Etiquette
 The Australian 'barbie' (BBQ) is an integral component of the country's social culture.
BBQ invitations are the most common social invitations.
 Typically, guests at a BBQ bring their own wine or beer to drink. In some instances, it's
possible that you'll be asked to bring your own meat to a fairly informal BBQ.
 At BBQs, people tend to dress fairly informally. If you've been invited to dinner, it's a
good idea to double-check the dress code ahead of time. It's safe to suggest that being
overdressed can be more embarrassing than being under dressed in some situations.
 If you've been invited to dinner, arrive on time; if you've been invited to a BBQ or a
large party, arrive no more than 15 minutes late. It's critical not to irritate people by
arriving too early.
 To see whether the hosts would like you to bring a dish, contact them ahead of time.
 Offer to assist the hosts with food preparation or cleanup once the meal has been
served.
 When you're asked to lunch at a restaurant, it's customary to share the bill between the
guests. As a result, anticipate paying your half of the bill at the conclusion of the meal.
 Business Etiquette and Customs in Australia
Relationships & Communication
 Appointments are required and quite simple to make.
 They should be made as far ahead of schedule as possible.
 In the business world, punctuality is crucial. Arriving a few minutes early is preferable to
keeping someone waiting.
 Meetings are often informal, but they are serious occasions.
 If an Australian disagrees with what you've said, they'll tell you.
 If you're giving a presentation, stay away from hype, overstated claims, and
unnecessary bells and whistles.
 Facts and data should be used to support your business case. In the Australian business
atmosphere, emotions and feelings are irrelevant.

Negotiating and Decision Making

 With a minimum of small talk, Australians get right down to business.
 They are forthright in their communication and demand the same in return. They value
brevity and are unimpressed by excessive detail.
 The negotiation process moves swiftly. It is not normal to bargain. They'll be
anticipating your initial proposal to only have a limited negotiation margin.
 They dislike techniques that put them under a lot of pressure. Although decisions are
made after consultation with subordinates, decision-making is centralized at the top of
the firm, which can make decision-making lengthy and protracted.

What to wear?
 In Melbourne and Sydney, business attire is conservative.
 Men should dress conservatively in a dark-colored business suit.
 Women should wear a business suit or a nice dress.
 Shirts, ties, and Bermuda shorts may be worn by men in Brisbane or other tropical
places, depending on the job role and corporate culture.

Business Cards
 Without any formal protocol, business cards are exchanged during the initial
introduction.
 It is not an offense if you are not provided a business card, the person may just not have
one.

Etiquette & Customs in Italy

Meeting Etiquette
 The greetings are warm and kind, yet they are also official.
 Between strangers, a simple handshake with direct eye contact and a smile is sufficient.
 Air-kissing on both cheeks, starting with the left, and a pat on the back between men
are common after a relationship develops.
 Wait until you've been invited to switch to a first-name basis. Because Italians are
influenced by first impressions, it is critical to welcome people with propriety and
respect, especially when meeting them for the first time. In social contexts, many
Italians utilize calling cards. These are a little bigger than usual.
 Include the person's name, address, title or academic honors, and phone number on
business cards.
 It is a good idea to have calling cards created if you are staying in Italy for a lengthy
period of time. In a social occasion, never give your business card instead of a calling
card.

Gift Giving Etiquette

 Chrysanthemums should not be given because they are traditionally used at funerals.
 Red roses should not be given since they imply concealment.
 Yellow flowers are a sign of jealousy, therefore don't present them.
 If you're bringing wine, make sure it's from a good year. It is more vital to focus on
quality rather than quantity.
 Gifts should not be wrapped in black, as this is a typical mourning color.
 Purple is a bad luck color, therefore don't use it to wrap your gifts.
 When you receive a gift, you usually open it right away

Dining Etiquette
 If invited to an Italian house:
 If the invitation specifies casual attire, wear stylish clothing that is nevertheless formal,
such as a jacket and tie for men and a beautiful gown for women.
 Punctuality is not required. If you've been invited to dinner, you can come 15 minutes
late, and if you've been invited to a party, you can attend up to 30 minutes late.
 Bring gift-wrapped items, such as wine or chocolates, if you are invited to a meal.
 If you've been asked to dinner and want to send flowers, do it on the same day

Table Manners
 Continue to stand until you are encouraged to take a seat. You might be directed to a
certain seat.
 When dining, continental table etiquette dictate that the fork be held in the left hand
and the knife in the right.
 Follow the hostess' lead: she takes the first seat at the table, begins eating first, and is
the first to leave at the end of the meal.
 The first toast is given by the host.
 Later in the meal, an honored guest should reciprocate the toast.
 Women are allowed to make a toast.
 Always start with a tiny portion so you can be persuaded to accept a second serving.
 During the meal, do not keep your hands in your lap, but also do not rest your elbows
on the table.

Business Etiquette and Protocol in Italy

 Relationships & Communication
 Italians prefer to do business with people they are familiar with and can trust.
 A third-party introduction will go a long way toward establishing a foundation on which
to build.
 Face-to-face interaction is preferred by Italians, so it is critical to spend time in Italy
cultivating the relationship.
 Before doing business with you, your business colleagues will want to learn more about
you as a person.
 Because Italians judge people based on their appearances, your demeanor is crucial.
The initial impression you make will last a lifetime.
 Italians have a strong sense of intuition. As a result, make an effort to gain the respect
and trust of your Italian colleagues.
 In Italy, networking can be an almost full-time job. People can advance through
personal
 contacts.
 Take the time to inquire about your work associates' families and personal interests,
since this will aid in the development of your relationship.
 Italians are known for their ability to communicate in a variety of ways. They are usually
 verbose, eloquent, and impassioned highly demonstrative, frequently demonstrating
them argument with facial and physical gestures.

Business Meeting Etiquette

 Appointments are required and should be made 2 to 3 weeks in advance in writing (in
Italian).
 Call or fax to confirm the meeting (again in Italian).
 Many businesses are closed in August, and if they are open, many Italians are on
holiday, so it is best to avoid scheduling meetings during this time.
 Punctuality is a virtue in the north, therefore your business companions will almost
certainly be on time.
 The initial meeting's purpose is to foster a sense of respect and trust among your Italian
business associates.

Business Negotiation
 People in the north are forthright, treat time as money, and get right to work after a
little period of socializing.
 Individuals in the south have a more relaxed attitude about life and prefer to get to
know the people with whom they do business.
 Allow your Italian business partners to dictate the pace of your talks. Follow their lead
on when it's time to switch from social to business conversations.
 Italians prefer to do business with those in positions of power. The foundation of Italian
business is hierarchy. Power and age are respected in Italy.
 Negotiations can take a long time.

Dress Etiquette
 In Italy, looking good is a must.
 Men should dress conservatively in dark-colored business suits.
 Women should wear conservative dresses or business suits.
 For both men and women, elegant accessories are essential.

Business Cards
 Following the ceremonial introduction, business cards are exchanged.
 Examine the other person's business card carefully before placing it in your card holder
to show proper respect.
 Having one side of your business card translated into Italian is a fantastic idea.
 Include your graduate degree on your business card if you have one.
 Make sure your title is visible on your business card. Italians are interested in how you
integrate within your company.

Respond to the following processing questions:

1. What are the things you’ve learned or realized from doing this activity?
The things we've learn about their culture and etiquette are things that they utilize every day
when they meet someone or how they approach things in a certain way. In addition, while
participating in this activity, we noticed that every country and organization has a specific
protocol to follow in order to ensure that everyone is aware of our manners.

2. How are these learning or realizations helpful and applicable in your future work in a
tourism and hospitality establishment?
Knowing their right etiquette and culture has proven to be really beneficial to us. If I visit or
work in their country in the future, I will have knowledge and an idea. Also, if we visiting
them country and were not ignorant, we can apply to ourselves.