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HMT Project

The report summarizes a study analyzing the design of a cooling tower used at a power plant. The objectives were to evaluate the cooling tower's efficiency and ability to dissipate heat generated during power generation. Calculations were done to determine properties like the number of fins, heat transfer rates, and lengths of pipes and tanks. The analysis confirmed that the cooling tower design was adequate to handle the specific load and perform efficiently, within the limitations of assumptions made.

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17 views12 pages

HMT Project

The report summarizes a study analyzing the design of a cooling tower used at a power plant. The objectives were to evaluate the cooling tower's efficiency and ability to dissipate heat generated during power generation. Calculations were done to determine properties like the number of fins, heat transfer rates, and lengths of pipes and tanks. The analysis confirmed that the cooling tower design was adequate to handle the specific load and perform efficiently, within the limitations of assumptions made.

Uploaded by

mhfaisal301
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HITEC University

Department of Mechanical Engineering

HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER


Semester Project Report

Fall-2021 (5th Semester)

Study and analysis of cooling tower

Submitted to:

Sir Kamran Afaq

Submission date:15-01-2024

SR.NO Registration No. Student name


1 Ali hamza 21-ME-044
2 Hassan khan 21-ME-047
3 Faisal malik 21-ME-052
4 Abdul majid 21-ME-055
Problem statement:
Study & Analysis of Cooling Tower for power plant in your Thermodynamics lab.

Verify its design for a particular load.

Objective:
Our objective is to evaluate the design of the cooling tower to ensure its efficiency
and effectiveness in dissipating heat generated during the power generation
process. The objective is to verify whether the cooling tower is adequately
designed to handle a specific load, ensuring optimal performance and preventing
overheating of the power plant equipment.

Assumptions:
material of fin=aluminium

shape of fin as circular instead of zigzag

Diameter of fin=5cm

Horizontal and vertical distances between the fins=6cm

Heat transfer coefficient=20w/mc

Mass flow rate of water=2kg/s

Heat transfer coefficient of water=50w/m2c

Mass flow rate of air=1.2kg/s

Heat transfer coefficient of air=300w/m2c

Technical Data Inputs:


diameter of each fin=5cm

horizontal distance between each fin=dh=6cm

vertical distance between each fin=dv=6cm


radius of cooling tower=0.594m

L=0.52m

D=0.05m

For water:

Tin=54C

Tout=33C

mdot=2kg/s

h=50W/m2C

Cp=4.16kJ/kgK

For Air:

Tin=25C

Tout=30C

mdot=1.2kg/s

h=300W/m2C

Cp=29.19kJ/kgK

Technical Data Outputs:


Number of fins=308

Areano fin=1.108m2

Areafin=25.872m2

Areaun fin=0.5m2

Zetta=€=1.1

Efficiency=n=60%
Qdot no fin=465.36W

Qdot fin=65192.24W

Qdot un fin=210W

U=42.8W/m2C

Tm=11.14C

Lpipe=1.29m

Ltank=0.8m

Methodology:

Fins Calculation
diameter of each fin=5cm

horizontal distance between each fin=dh=6cm

vertical distance between each fin=dv=6cm

radius of cooling tower=0.594m

Areano fin=πr2=3.14*0.5942=1.108m2

Number of fins= Areano fin/dh*dv=1.108/0.0036=308

Areafin=N[πdl+πd2/4]

L=0.52m

D=0.05m

Areafin=308[π*0.05*0.52+π*0.052/4]

=25.872m2

Areaun fin= Areano fin-N[Atip]

=1.108-308[π*0.052/4]
=1.108-0.6083

=0.5m2

Thermal conductivity of aluminium=k=180w/mc

Combined heat transfer coefficient =h=20w/m2c

Zetta=€=[L+D/4][sqrt(2h/kD)]

=[0.52+0.05/4][sqrt(2*20)/(180*0.05)]

=1.1

From graph,

Efficiency=n=60%

Effectiveness=E=(n* Areafin+ Areaun fin)/ Areano fin

=(0.6*25.87+0.5)/1.108

E=14.4

Qdot no fin=h* Areano fin(tb-to)

Qdot no fin =20*1.108(54-33)

Qdot no fin=465.36W

Qdot fin=nfin*h*Afin(tb-to)

=0.6*20*25.87*(54-33)

Qdot fin=65192.24W

Qdot un fin=h*Aun fin(tb-to)

=20*0.5(54-33)

Qdot un fin=210W
Heat Exchanger Calculation
For water:

Tin=54C

Tout=33C

mdot=2kg/s

h=50W/m2C

Cp=4.16kJ/kgK

For Air:

Tin=25C

Tout=30C

mdot=1.2kg/s

h=300W/m2C

Cp=29.19kJ/kgK

Qdot=mdot*Cp(Tin-Tout)

=2*4.186*(54-33)

=175.812W

Qdot=mdot*Cp(Tin-Tout)

Tair out= Qdot/ mdot*Cp+ Tair in

Tair out=30C

1/U=1/hw+1/hair

=1/50+1/300

=42.8W/m2
T1=54-25

=29C

T2=33-30

=3C

Tm=[(29-3)/ln(29/3)]

=11.14C

UA Tm=mdotCp T

A=πdl

L=( mdotCp T)/(Uπdl)

L=2*4.186*(54-33)/42.8*π*(10.16E-2)*11.14

L=1.29m

Schematic diagram:
Experimental results:
Number of fins=308

Areano fin=1.108m2

Areafin=25.872m2

Areaun fin=0.5m2

Zetta=€=1.1

Efficiency=n=60%

Qdot no fin=465.36W

Qdot fin=65192.24W

Qdot un fin=210W

U=42.8W/m2C

Tm=11.14C

Lpipe=1.29m

Ltank approximately equal to 0.8m

Conclusion:
We concluded that our final results has large errors because we assumed many
values in thecalculations.
In conclusion, the study aimed to verify the design of a cooling tower in a
Thermodynamics lab for a specific power plant load. The analysis, based on
assumptions and technical data inputs, involved calculating the number of fins,
areas, and thermal properties. Experimental results, including 308 circular fins
with 60% efficiency, demonstrated the cooling tower's effectiveness in dissipating
heat. The heat exchanger within the tower was also evaluated, determining the
required lengths of the pipe and tank. Overall, the study confirmed that the
cooling tower design met specified requirements, ensuring efficient heat
dissipation in power plant operations.

Measurement pictures:

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