Rejepaly Nazarow, Maýa Şyhyýewa, Aleksandra Gurbanowa,

Oguloraz Saparowa, Altyn Gurbanowa

IŇLIS D ILI
Umumybilim berýän orta mekdepleriň X synpy üçin okuw kitaby

Türkmenistanyň Bilim ministrligi

tarapyndan hödürlenildi

Aşgabat - 2022
Unit 1.
MY FAMILY AND ME

Lesson 1. Grammar Revision. Articles in phrases

Ex.1 . Complete the story about Aman. Adjective or adverb.

1. Aman is a … learner.
a) quick b) quickly
2. He is always very … .

a) politely b) polite

3. Aman behaves … in class and at home.

a) good b) well

4. He draws … . He goes to art school.

a) beautiful b) beautifully

5. Aman has a … little sister.

a) wonderful b) wonderfully

6. Aman crosses the street ... .

a) carefully b) careful

2. Use the comparative forms of the adverbs in the Box to complete the sentences.

Slowly, fast, late, hard, good, beautiful, clear

1. Walk …, please. I’m tired. I can’t walk … .

2. Nick ran … than the others. So he was the last to come.

3. George lives not far from the school, but he often comes … than all his classmates.

4. What do you think of the test? – Oh, it … than the previous one.

5. Do you really think I can’t wash the car … enough?

6. This house is small, but Ann has decorated it …

 7. Mary doesn’t speak … . I often have trouble understanding her.

8. Farm workers have to work … during the harvest.

3. Study the following chart. Mind the changes.

Direct speech Reported speech
Mary said: “It is a custom in our family to put Mary said that it was a custom in their family
up a New Year tree.” to put up a New Year tree.
(the present simple tense) (the past simple tense)

Mary said: “I’m going to show you my Mary said that she was going to show him her
present.” present.
( the present progressive tense) (the past progressive tense)
Mary told Jim that he hadn’t spoken about it
Mary said to Jim : “You didn’t speak about it the day before .
yesterday.”
(the past perfect tense)
(the past simple tense)

Remember the vocabulary changes in Reported speech.

Direct Speech Indirect speech

yesterday the day before
today that day
tomorrow the next day, the following day
ago before
last week /year the week before, the year before
this/these that/ those
here there

4. Change the sentences into Reported Speech. Begin your sentence with “He said
that…”

1. I hope to pass the exam.

2. I made no mistakes in my essay.
3. I haven’t read many English books.
4. I don’t feel tired.
5. My brother goes to bed early.
6. I have lost my pen.
7. My parents married twenty years ago.
8. I was a 9-th grade student last year.
9. Our class will present our project work tomorrow.
10. John will have a birthday party this evening.
5. Prepositions of position.

We use “at” mainly with:

- public places; at the airport, at the bus stop.

- addresses; at 25, Kemine Street, at 10, Downing

Street.
- events. at a concert, at the meeting, at the
party.
We use “in” mainly with:
- large areas; in Asia, in Europe, in the Pacific.
- towns ; in Washington, in Ashgabat, in
Moscow.
- rooms; in the living-room, in the kitchen.
- outside areas. in the street, in the park, in the
garden.
We use “on” to say:
-something is on the surface. on the table, on the way.
- days of the week and months. on Monday, on Sunday, on the1-st of
September.
- means of transport on the bus, on the train, on the plane,
on the ship.

Articles:

Mind the absence of the article in:

a) at home, at school, at work, at college.

b) in bed, in hospital.
6. Complete the sentences with appropriate prepositions of position where
necessary.

1. The athlete won a medal _____ the Olympics.

2. The Olympics were held _____ in Europe.

3. In the afternoon the boss will be _______ head office.

4. Our math teacher lives ______ 25, King’s Road.

 5. Using mobile phones ______ the planes is prohibited.

6. Students don’t have classes _____ Sundays.

7. I first saw that film star ________ a concert.

8. We knew each other ______ school.

9. I met him quite by chance _____ the way to school.

10. ______ Asia old customs are being revived.

11. In the early afternoon English people usually have cups of tea ____ factories and
offices.
12. In the early afternoon the English people usually have what they call ‘tea for
mother and children _____ home.’
Lesson 2. Family traditions. Family holidays

1. Discuss with your classmate.

1. Tell about some family traditions in your family.

2. What are the best family holiday places in your region?

3. How do you plan your family holiday?

4. Where do you go for your family holiday?

5. What do you do there?

2. Listen and say.

Nevertheless, resorts, abroad, escape, gloomy, agent, package, include, flight,
scattered.

3. Transcribe the following.

Nevertheless, resorts, abroad, escape, gloomy, agent, package, include, flight,

scattered.

4. Learn the words with their definitions.

nevertheless – in spite of that.

resort – a place where a lot of people go to on holiday.

abroad – in or to another country.

escape – to manage to get away from a place where you do not want to be.

gloomy – (of weather) dark in a way that makes you feel sad.

agent – a person whose job is to do business for a company.

package holiday – a holiday that is organized by a company for fixed price

that includes the cost of travel, hotels, etc..

include – to contain to have as one part.

scattered – spread over a large area.

 5. Complete the sentences with active vocabulary from the exercise above.

1. It was a cold day. _________, more people came than we had expected.

2. Our company’s ______ in London will meet the tourists at the airport.

3. Mr. Brown often goes ________ on business.

4. My mother has never been ________.

5. Two children managed to __________ from the burning building.

6. The price of the holiday __________ the flight, the hotel and car hire.

7. The spaceship crew __________ one women as well.

8. There is a nice seaside______ on the Caspian Sea. I recommend that

strongly.

9. There will be sunny intervals with _________ showers today.

6. Read the text.

FAMILY TRADITIONS AND FAMILY HOLIDAYS

Family traditions and family holidays have much in common the world over.
Nevertheless, in Britain people do not visit members of the family as often as they once
used to. Members of a family – grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins - see less of each
other than they used to. Nowadays the British people move away from home in search of
work and it is not so easy to pay family visits when the family is scattered. So it is one of
the great changes in family life in Britain.
In the past the British people used to spend their summer holidays at British
resorts, but nowadays more families prefer to go abroad. Spain is a popular holiday
country with the British people.
A camping holiday is often the cheapest and easiest kind of holidays for a family
with children and many British people choose this. Some families try to have a winter
holiday abroad to escape the gloomy British weather. The hotels and travel agents in
many resorts offer cheaper package holidays, which include a flight and staying in a
hotel.

7. Say true or false.

1. Nowadays British people visit members of the family very often. T F

 2. In the past the British people used to spend their summer holidays

at British resorts. T F

3. Currently British families prefer to go abroad. T F

4. France is a popular holiday country for the British. T F

5. Camping holidays are the cheapest. T F

6. Some families have a winter holiday abroad to escape the gloomy

British weather. T F

7. The hotels and travel agents in many resorts offer cheaper package

holidays, which include a flight and staying in a hotel. T F

8. Answer the questions.

1. Have family traditions and family holidays much in common the world
over?

2. Do people in Britain visit members of the family very often?

3. Who moves away from home in search of work?

4. Where do British people spend their holidays?

5. What is the popular holiday country with British people.

6. What’s good about camping holidays?

7. How do British people spend their winter holidays?

8. What do travel agents do?

9. Make up a list of family holidays or festivities in your country.

10. Describe a holiday in your family.

Lesson 3. Social customs. Receiving guests

1. Listen and say.

Social customs, human values, tradition, virtue, hospitality, hospitable, neighbor,
neighborliness, friendly, friendliness, community.

2. Transcribe the following.

Custom, values, virtue, community, hospitality, hospitable.

3. Learn the words with their definitions.

Custom – a way of behaving which is a particular people or society has

had for a long time.

Values – belief about what is the right or wrong way for people to behave,

moral principles.

Virtue – behavior which shows high moral standards, a good quality or

habit.

Community – a group of people who live in a particular place.

Hospitality – looking after guests and being friendly and welcoming

towards them.

Hospitable - friendly and kind to visitors.

4. Complete the sentences below using the words in the Box.

Custom, values, virtue, community, hospitable,

1. According to local ________ people visit their friends and relations on this
holiday.
2. The ongoing reforms in the country show that people are returning to
traditional __________.
3. Patience is a great ________.
 4. The man made a speech on behalf of his ________.
5. _________ people are very friendly and kind to visitors.
6. Americans have the reputation of being very ________ people.
7. Young people sometimes have a completely different _______ as compared to
older generations.

5. Match the opposite words from columns A and B.

A B

Virtue Inhospitable
Friendly Hostile
Hospitable Hostility
Friendship vice
unfriendly
rich poor

6. Form adjectives from the words below. Use the affixes given in the Box.

- able, -in, - ly, - ous,- ile

Friend, value, virtue, host, eat, rich, safe.

7. Read the text.

Social customs. Receiving guests.

Most nations share common human values: hospitality, neighborliness and

friendliness to strangers. They are called social customs.

Tradition of hospitality is a very important human value. Hospitality means looking

after guests and being friendly and welcoming towards them. Turkmen people are very
hospitable, they are very kind and friendly to visitors. People enjoy visiting each other on
holidays or day-offs. A short visit to a Turkmen’s home usually starts with having a cup
of green tea. If you stay longer you are sure to be served a delicious Turkmen pilaf and
other niceties. The hosts are extremely happy to please the guests.

Relationship of neighbours is also one of the most beautiful traditions. We share

with our neighbours a specific place. The neighbours affect our life, our future. We
should always have warm relationship with our neighbours, because they make up a part
of our life. Good neighbourly relations unify people and make up strong communities.
Our doors are always open to our neighbors and we enjoy visiting each other. At some
point your relations might be far away but your neighbour is always there, beside you.
Being friendly is a virtue that many nations value highly and expect from neighbors and
strangers.

It’s my strong belief that someone who does not know his neighbour does not know
his people. It is not by chance that Europeans say” Love your neighbour like yourself.”

8. Say true or false.

1. Most nations share common human values. T F

2. Turkmen people rarely visit each other on holidays. T F

3. Turkmen people enjoy good neighbourly relations. T F

4. Being friendly is a virtue that many nations value. T F

5. Good neighbourly relations unify people and make

up strong communities. T F

9. Read the text and answer the comprehension questions.

1. What are the common values shared by most nations?

2. What do you think of the tradition of hospitality?

3. What is the relations of neighbours for you?

4. Do you agree that ‘Someone who doesn’t know his neighbor

does not know his people’?

5. What is social customs?

6. How do you understand the saying” Love your neighbour like

yourself.” ?
 10. Do you agree or disagree?

Peace emerges out of union.

If your neighbor speaks harshly, you should be tolerant.

Sharing is caring.

11. Try to find Turkmen/Russian/ English equivalents for the following.

Divide and rule.

Goňşy goňşyň görki.

Goňşyňy goňşydan sora.

Lesson 4. Giving a present. Writing a postcard.
Project work

1. Answer the questions.

1. Have you received many gifts on your birthday?

2. What was the best gift you have got?

3. What was the funniest gift you have got?

4. What was funny about it?

5. Who presented it to you?

6. What gift would you like to get most?

7. Do you like books as a gift? Are you a book-worm?

2. Listen, say and transcribe the following:

Receive, generous, lavish, extravagant, graduation, anniversary,
outright, bunch.

3. Learn the words with their definitions.

Receive – to get or to accept sth that sb sends or gives to you.
Generous – happy to give more than usual
Lavish – large in amount or number, too much, expensive.
Extravagant – more than usual, true or necessary.
Graduation – the act of successfully completing studies at a high
school or a university.
Anniversary – a day that is exactly a year or a number of years
after a special or an important event.
Outright – open and direct.
Bunch – a number of things of the same type, fastened or growing
 together.
4. Complete the sentences with active vocabulary from the exercise
above.
1. It was very ___________of you to help us when we were in
need.
2. He bought her a ________ of flowers.
3. Our country will soon celebrate an ___________ of the
Independence.
4. His style of clothing looks ______________ and out-of-date.
5. Two week ago we attended our sister’s ___________ from
a high school.
6. I __________ a letter from an old friend last week.
7. She was always __________ with her presents.

5. Make up collocations matching words from columns A and B. Write

them in your notebook.
A B
Generous
Outright
Lavish
Extravagant gift
Birthday
Anniversary
Graduation present
Wedding
A farewell
 6. Read the text and be ready to answer the comprehension questions.

Giving a present
Giving or receiving presents is a common tradition worldwide. People
usually give or receive presents on special days like a birthday, anniversary,
wedding day, New Year’s Day and other celebrations and festivities. In some
countries guests are always expected to arrive bearing gifts for the host. These
gifts most include chocolates, candy, flowers or cake. Giving a present to
somebody we show our friendliness, good will and affection for him/her.
Receiving gifts is something everyone enjoys. But many people enjoy giving
gifts even more than receiving them.
So different countries have got different gift giving-traditions. In most
countries flowers are considered to be the best gift. Think of a bunch of
beautiful red garden roses. Can there be anything better?
I personally like to give or to get books as a gift. It’s really meaningful
to me. I am a bookworm. A book is a gift you can open again and again.

Phrases for thankfulness and appreciation for the gift.

 Thank you!
 That’s so kind!
 Thanks, this really means a lot to me.
 Wow, what a great gift!
 You are so thoughtful!
 Thank you for thinking of me!

7. Answer the questions.

1. When do people usually give or receive gifts?
2. What kind of gifts do people usually give?
 3. Why do people give gifts?
4. What do you like more: giving or receiving gifts?
5. What’s the best gift for you?
6. What do you think of books as a gift?

8. Describe the best gift or present you have received. You should say:

 What the gift was;

 Who gave it to you;
 When you received it;
 Why it is so dear to you.

9. Comment on the proverb. Do you agree?

Don’t look the gift horse in the mouth.

10. Pair up and talk with your partner on what gifts you got last
birthday. Here are some help questions for you.
1. When was it your last birthday?
2. Did you have a party?
3. How big was it?
4. Did you get many presents?
5. What was the best one like?

11. Are you good at making homemade presents?

Most kids love to make homemade presents for their friends and
family. Think about a simple gift you could give to make them smile. It
doesn’t have to be something you buy. You could make something for them.
 You could write them a letter or a card. Now make it happen! You can do it
in groups of 2 or 3.

12. Writing a postcard.

A postcard is a type of informal letter written on a card and containing a
short message. Postcards have a picture on one side and are usually sent
without an envelope. Here is a sample:

Dear Jeren,
Thank you for your postcard. It was so nice to hear from
you. Holidays are coming. We’re going to Awaza. It‘s a great
place for a holiday. We were there the year before. We used to
live in a fantastic hotel. In the mornings I used to play tennis. In
the afternoons I used to go swimming.
Hope your family is also planning something interesting for
the holiday. Have a good time.
Tylla.

13. Project Work. Gift-giving traditions in your country. Don’t forget to

include:
1. When do you give gifts?

2. Whom do you give gifts?

3. What kind of gifts do you usually give?
Unit 2.
A PERSON DAY BY DAY

Lesson 1. Modern ways of life. Structure used to.

 Articles with nouns

1. Listen and repeat.

entertainment, considerable, impact

2. Transcribe the words and read them

modernization ______________________

evolution _______________________

usefulness _______________________

advantage _______________________

communication _______________________

management of time _______________________

adverse _______________________

effect _______________________

entertainment _______________________

considerable _______________________

impact _______________________

3. Learn the words with their definitions.

modernization the condition of being new and modern.

evolution the gradual development of something over many

 years, from simple to more complicated.

development the process of producing or creating something new,

more advanced.

usefulness the fact of being useful or possible to use.

advantage a thing that helps you to be better or more

successful.

communication the activity or process of expressing ideas and

feelings or giving people information

management of time the act of running and controlling time

adverse unpleasant and negative

effect a result

entertainment films, movies, music, etc. used to amuse people

considerable great in amount, size, importance

impact the powerful effect

4. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

effects, communication, usefulness, evolution, advantage

1. I can certainly feel the ______________ of too many late nights.

2. The building has outlived its _______________________.
3. The __________________ of the human species.
4. Speech is the fastest method of _____________ between people.
5. She had the _________________________ of a good education.

5. Read the text and answer the comprehension questions.

MODERN WAYS OF LIFE

 Nobody can ignore the usefulness of modernization of our daily life, especially on
how much
it makes life easier. This is particularly true of the new evolution of technology and
medicine.
The use of technology makes living better and brings certain advantages to
people. Advantages might include fast communication and management of time.
New technology machines are very helpful in our home. We do most of the house
cleaning with machines, which actually makes the life very easy and comfortable.
Computer and internet are being introduced into most houses. They have a lot

of advantages, but sometimes they might have adverse effects on people`s health. As
with every single innovation, internet has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages include better communication, and faster way of getting information,
entertainment including. It also provides services for our daily use. It is also being
currently introduced into curriculum of majority of schools and universities.
In conclusion, modernization has made a considerable impact on our life today
that it has become a part of our daily life. No one can imagine how world would be
without the modern technology.

Exercise 6. Match sentences using the text above.

1. The use of technology a) how world would be without the modern

technology
2. New technology machines b) better communication, faster way of
getting information, entertainment including
3. Computer and internet c) are being introduced into most houses
4. Advantages include d) makes living better and brings certain
advantages to people
5. No one can imagine e) are very helpful in our home

Exercise 7. Say True or False?

 Electronic devices can give you problems with your health. __________
 The invention of calculator made us lazy to count in mind. __________
 Vacuum machines, washing machines, vapor irons made our life more
comfortable. __________
 Discovery of new vaccines nowadays help us to live longer. __________
 Gadgets help you to communicate faster. __________

8. Read the MODERN LIFESTYLE activities. With your partner talk about
activities you like and dislike.

We use used to+ verb to talk about things that happened repeatedly
or were true for a long period of time in the past.
 Used to/ didn`t use to is the same for all persons.
 Instead of used to we can use the past with an adverb of frequency.
When I was a child, I often played in the street.
When I was a child, I used to play in the street.

Children didn`t use to watch much TV when my father was young.

Did you use to wear a uniform at school? Yes, I did.

Exercise 9. Complete with ‘used to (+, -, ? )’ and a verb from the list.

Anna used to live in New York City, but later she moved to New Jersey. (+)

1. We​​________ ____ a lot in common, but now we`re completely different. (+)

2. I ______________ much time online, but now I`m addicted to Facebook. (-)

3. _________________your uncle ______ glasses? He looks different now. (?)

4. I______ with my classmates, but now I spend all my time with my sister. (+)

5. Where _______ your father ____________before he got the job in the bank?

6. My friend has lost a lot of weight. She _____________________ so slim. (-)

7. _______you _______ a lot with your parents when you were a teenager? (?)

8. I _______________________ Japanese food, but now I eat a lot of sushi. (-)

9. Laura ____________ well with her neighbor, but now they`ve fallen out. (+)
 10. My friend __________________ to me, but now he calls me quite often. (-)

Exercise 10. Are the highlighted verb forms correct or incorrect? If correct
put C, if incorrect put I.

1. I didn`t used to be a Manchester United fan?

2. Do you usually tell a close friend about your problems?

3. Did you use to have long hair?

4. I didn`t used to like my maths teacher when I was at school.

5. They used to go on holiday every year.

6. The British didn`t used to drink a lot of coffee.

7. Where did your friends use to meet when they were on holidays?

8. My uncle use to work for a bank, but now he`s unemployed.

9. We love the theatre. We usually go to a play once a month.

10. Telegrams used to be a way of sending messages.

Exercise 11. Tell your classmates how you have changed. Write five sentences
about how you were IN THE PAST. (You may bring your photo)

PICTURE IN THE PAST

PICTURE IN THE PRESENT
I used to be slim / I didn`t use to be slim, but now…..

1. ____________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________

Did you know?

DEFINITE ARTICLE THE

The sun is bright today.
Please hand this book to the teacher.
Please open the door.
Omar is in the kitchen.
We use the when you know or assume that your
listener is familiar with and thinking about the
same specific thing or person you are talking
about.

Exercise 12. Let’s practice! Complete the sentences with a, an, the and zero
article.

1. In ________ recent newspaper article, I read about _________ Australian swimmer

who was saved from ________ shark by ______ group of dolphins.

2. When ____ shark attacked by ____swimmer, ___ dolphins chased it away.

3. They saved _________ swimmer`s life.

4. I heard on the radio that there is _________evidence that ______ dolphins suffer in
captivity.

5. Dolphins that are free in ________ nature live around 40 years.

6. Captive dolphins live ______ average of 12 years. It is believed that some captive
dolphins commit ___________ suicide.

Exercise 13. Read the dialogue. Look up unknown words and role play with
your classmate.

Meret: What are you going to do after the lessons today, Jeren?

Jeren: I am going to work on a project.

Meret: What kind of a project is that?

Jeren: It`s about the inventions that have changed our lives. It`s my
homework for tomorrow. What are you doing after the lessons?

Meret: I`m free today. I have no homework for tomorrow, so I can help you
if you want.

Jeren: Yes, that would be wonderful! I`ve already found some information
about useful inventions. However I don`t know how to present it yet.
Meret: I see. I can help you with that. Besides, I`m quite good at drawing, so
I can draw for you.
Jeren: It is not necessary. My teacher said the project should be designed
only using modern technologies.
Meret: It means everything should be done with computer software. I`ll type
the text, while you can create graphic sketches of the inventions.
Jeren: That will be wonderful! Thank you, Meret!
Meret: Don’t mention it , Jeren.

Exercise 14. Describe your friend. How he/she has changed in recent years?
Use the construction “used to”.
 1. _______________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________________

4. _______________________________________________________

5. _______________________________________________________

Unit 2.
A PERSON DAY BY DAY

Lesson 2. Communication and our life.

Modern ways of communication
1. Listen and say.

2. Transcribe the following words.

communication ______________________

advancement ______________________

integral ______________________

maintain ______________________

relationship ______________________

gesture ______________________

posture ______________________

nodding ______________________

percept ______________________

3. Read the following sentences, try to guess the meaning of the bold words.
After circle the best definition to the bold words.

1) Speech is the fastest method of communication.

a) to give your number b) to tell a secret
c) the process of giving information

2) There are good opportunities for advancement if you have the right skills.
a) make progress or succeed b) to make mistakes c) to become a boss

3) Education has an integral role in our life.

a) the most important b) very interesting c) boring
 4) The two countries have always maintained close relations.
a) break b) build c) continue at the same level

5) They are in a close relationship, I guess they are sisters.

a) connection b) atmosphere
c) way in which two people behave towards each other’s

6) They communicated entirely by gestures.

a) a movement of your head, hands or face b) cards c) signals

7) He sat in relaxed posture and started an interview.

a) view b) way c) position of the body

8) She nodded at him to begin his speech.

a) blink b) whistle c) to move your head to show agreement or direction

9) You should percept the truth that she has told to you.
a) accept b) deny c) ignore

4. Read the text and answer the comprehension questions.

Communication and our life

Communication has been an essential part of our lives since the beginning. It
develops understanding among people. The evolution of communication is an ongoing
process. With the advancements of modern technology, communication methods have
been changing. Life would be so hard without communication.
Listening, reading, writing, understanding, all of these would be impossible
without communicating. Effective communication brings people closer. Every day we
use different ways to communicate. For example, from your daily email to radio we
listen, from news we read to information we share with our friends.
There are two main types of communication used on daily basis:
Verbal communication is also known as spoken communication. Television, radio
and other media can also be included. For example, every day we greet other people at
work or at school, and this is the way of verbal communication. Verbal communication
plays an integral role in maintaining successful and positive relationship.
Non-verbal communication generally involves body language and gestures. Non-
verbal does not use words to communicate. It refers to gestures, facial expressions, tone
 of voice, eye contact, handshake, nodding, postures, signs and so on.
We can not deny the fact that communication is an essential core system of our
lives. We understand and percept the world through communication.

Exercise 5. Say True or False?

1) Communication decreases understanding among people. T F

2) Non-verbal communication involves pictures and sounds of the animals and
people. T F
3) We understand and percept the world through communication. T F
4) Television, radio, social media are the examples of verbal communication. T F
5) Handshake and nodding are also a type of communication. T F

Did you know? Interesting facts about communication.

 The first written communication was in the form of marks and
symbols- recorded more than 9.000 years ago.
 Ancient Egyptians used symbols called hieroglyphs over 5.200
years ago. They recorded their writings on stone or metal tablets, or
papyrus, which is a paper made from plant fibers.
 The written Chinese language contains over 80.000 different
symbols, although most people use about 5.000.
 Thomas Edison taught his wife Morse code, so they could
communicate in secret by tapping into each other`s hands when her
family was around.

Exercise 6. Speaking discussion. What kind of modern communication apps

do you know and which one is popular among your friends?
 Exercise 7. Read the information about modern ways of communication. With
your classmates tick top 5 popular among them.

Modern ways of communication

Today, modern technology dominates our

communication.
We have a massive range of ways in which we
can stay connected, but each channel of
communication can influence our relationships in a
different way.

Here are 10 modern communication tools to help

you stay in connected with your audience:

Social Media. It has been around since the early days of the internet and it still
dominates most of our lives.

Social Media-Direct Message (DM). Almost every social media channel offers a
direct messaging option. Private messaging through social networks has the same
intimacy as email, but tends to be less formal.

Instant Message (IM). IM is a great tool for quick informal chats or group chats.

SMS Text Messaging. We are all aware of the uses of text messaging. They are
short, generally informal and are a good way to communicate small bits of information
that can be replied to at the recipient`s own leisure.

Email Marketing. It can be used for many different purposes, including to push
products and services, spread news, raise brand awareness or to deliver a message to the
masses.
 Direct Email. Email is similar to DM through social networks, but it is generally
more formal. It is the most popular way of communicating between businesses with over
200 billion emails being sent every day.

Blogging. A blog is a conversational styled website that enables you to publish

messages, news, knowledge or any other kind of information on the World Wide Web for
everyone to see.

Voice Calling. It is even more personalized than the channels previously mentioned.
The telephone or mobile phone instantly allows both parties to hear the tones and
emotions of the other caller and is one of the most commonly used communication tools.

Video Chat. It enables both parties to see each other, allowing you to be able to read
body language and facial expressions.

Video Marketing. It`s important that you get your message across in a variety of
formats and video is one of the most popular ways in which you can do so as it
significantly boosts engagement.

Live Web Chat. It allow people on your website to ask you questions directly in
real time without leaving your website.

Virtual Reality (VR). VR is the use of computer technology to create a simulated

environment which can be explored in 360 degrees.

Exercise 8. Are these acronyms familiar to you? Can you decode them?

1. __________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________

Exercise 9. Match the pictures with their definitions.

 1) It is similar to DM, but more formal._____________________________
2) They are short, informal and good for communication._______________
3) It is a conversational styled website.______________________________
4) It enables people to see each other. _______________________________
5) It is used to simulate surrounding environment. _____________________

Unit 2.
A PERSON DAY BY DAY
Lesson 3. Mobile Connection. The Internet
Connection. (Telecommunication, you-tube, google)
Structure to be/to get used to do.

1. Listen and say.

2. Transcribe the following words:

expansion ___________________

distance ___________________

exchange ___________________

instant Message ___________________

pay bills ___________________

unlimited ___________________

possibility ___________________

disability ___________________

connection ___________________

3. Match the definitions of the words below:

a) expansion 1. the act of giving and receiving smth.

b) exchange 2. as much/many as possible
c) connection 3. to increase in size or importance
d) disability 4. the system where two parts connect
 e) pay bills 5. the state of not being able to do smth.
f) unlimited 6. opportunity
g) distance 7. a piece of paper showing how much you
should pay
h) instant message 8. being far away in space or time
i) possibility 9. immediate message

4. Read the text.

Mobile Connection
It`s a common truth that the world has completely changed with the expansion
of technological progress. Nowadays, people have a lot of things they couldn`t even
dream of one or two hundred years ago. One of that gadgets people can`t imagine
their life without is a mobile phone. So why it is so important for people of the
modern world?
First of all, mobile phone is a mean of communication. It helps people to keep
in touch with their friends and relatives at any distance, at any time. Moreover,
connection to the Internet allows using special apps like Skype, WhatsApp,
Facebook and others to make calls, video calls and exchange instant messages. You
can check your e-mail and organize any meetings, pay bills and do many other
useful things just with one button click.
Secondly, it`s necessary to mention that modern smart phones are the gadgets
with unlimited entertainment possibilities. People can watch videos, listen to
music, and play games, read books and news with and without Internet connection.
The list of advantages of using mobile phone and mobile connection may be
very long, but we should know about the disadvantages too. We should remember
about mobile phone addiction especially among teenagers and their disability to
communicate in a real world.

5. Read following questions with your classmates and answer them.

1. How many gadgets do you have?

2. Which one do you use the most?
3. For how long have you had it?
4. What can you do with your favorite gadget?
5. How often and for how long do you usually use your
phone?
6. Do you have headaches when you use your favorite
gadgets non-stop?
7. Do your eyes hurt sometimes? Do they get read and
watery?
8. What are some of the health issues that you have had
after gadget overuse?
9. Do you turn off your gadgets before going to bed?
10. Do your parents take away your phone if you use it
non-stop?

Be used to means be familiar with or be accustomed to.

Be used to + ing

Examples:
 I'm a teacher so I'm used to speaking in public. (As I have been working as a
teacher it’s no new thing to be in front of the pubic)
 She’s a teacher, so she’s used to speaking in public. (She is accustomed to
speak in public.)
 He wasn't used to walking so much and his legs hurt after the hike. (He doesn’t
usually hike a lot or at all so he tried it and it hurt his legs.)
 My grandparents are used to the city now and doesn’t get lost any more. (Before
my grandparents got lost a lot when they just came from village to live in the city
but time passed and now they don’t get lost anymore.)

familiar with something.

Get used to + infinitive

Examples:
 I'm finding this new job hard but I'm sure I'll get used to it soon. (I have
started to work here a few days ago and in the future I guess I won’t find it as
hard.)
  It took my mother years to get used to living in London after moving from
Turkey. (When we just moved to the Turkey it was really hard for mother but it
took some time and she loved this place too.)
 My sister getting used to the noise now. She found it really stressful when we
first moved in. (She is in the process of getting accustomed with this place.)

Exercise 6. Complete the sentences. Use ‘used to/ be used to/ get used to’.
1. When I was a teenager I ……………………….... dress up for Halloween, but
not anymore.
2. At first I was really nervous about driving in crowd road, but now I
...................………. to it.
3. I don't think I'll ever ……………………..… to the rain in Vancouver.
4. Sasha is Russian. He is not …………………..…… speaking English in the
office.
5. The smell of fish is awful, but you'll ……….……… it after a couple of months
in the job.
6. It will take a while for the office staff to ……………….… the new computer
software.
7. Two years ago, the students …………………… have four hours a week of
language lessons, but now they have three hours.
8. My children………………..……… to eating hamburgers, but I don't think I'll
ever ……… ……… to eating them.
9. People from Africa …………….……… to hot weather because of the dry and
hot climate there.
10. When I was starting to write, I ………..………… think I would never be as
good as Margaret Atwood.
11. Mr. Blundell ……………….. do lots of interviews when he was the mayor of
Vancouver.
12. He never ………….……….. to flying a helicopter, even after years of working
as a copilot
 7. Read the text.

The Internet Connection.

Everybody knows that the Internet is a global computer network, which
embraces hundreds of millions of users all over the world. The Internet has
already entered our ordinary life. Nobody knows exactly how many people use
the Internet today. Originally, Internet was a military experiment in the USA
of 60-s. Then it was used by scientists and now it is used by millions of people,
including teenagers. You can find the information you need in 5 seconds.
It is very convenient for students, teachers,
experts and others. From one side it is great to
have everything right here online, but we
shouldn`t forget about the harmfulness of Internet
too. We should carefully search for the information
we need avoiding inappropriate information and
cruelty online. Parents should control their
children`s browse history and protect the flow of information they go through
with the help of special services.

Exercise 8. Say (T) True or False (F) ?

1. Parents shouldn`t let their children use Internet Connection. T F

2. Internet was invented for fun. T F
3. You can find the information you need in 5 seconds. T F
4. We should carefully search for the information we need avoiding inappropriate
information and cruelty. T F

5. Internet has not yet entered to our ordinary life. T F

Exercise 9. Pair off with a partner. Ask and answer the questions.

1. How often do you change your passwords?

2. Do you write down your passwords or do you remember them?
3. Have you ever given your home address online? Why/Why not?
4. Do you share photos online?
5. How often do you check your messages?

Exercise 10. Insert the words from the box in the following sentences.

1. The meal was very ____________________.

2. English is considered a _________ language.
3. It is very ________ to book tickets online.
4. I`ve never cooked this meal before, so it`s an _________.
5. We should _______ our personal information online.
6. People must be aware of _________ in the World Wide Web.

Exercise 11. Read about Aman`s favorite website. Do you use Internet for
educational purposes?

My favorite website.
Hello everybody! My name is Aman. I
live in the capital city of our beautiful
country. I`m in the 10th grade at school. I
enjoy learning English, and I am doing well
at school. In my free time I like to use Internet for educational purposes, especially
to improve my listening and speaking skills. I like watching videos, films and cartoons,
listening to music and podcasts in English. The best site to do these is you-tube.

You-tube is a free video sharing website that makes it easy to watch everything
online and even offline. Moreover, you can create and upload your own videos to share
with others. You-tube was started a decade ago, February 14, 2005 and has been an
influential part of our everyday life. Videos are made for enjoyment, some of them are
tutorials to create things or “DIY” (do it yourself), you even can find videos for health
treatment there. In my free time I watch films in English. It is possible to watch them
with subtitles and without which is a great advantage of this site. I become delighted
when I watch films without subtitles and can understand many things. It gives me a great
motivation to study English harder.

Exercise 12. What is Google? Did you know that…? Read some facts and try fun
tricks on Google site.

 Everyone knows that Google is the leading search engine. It`s mission is to
organize the data of the world and make it widely available and helpful.
 The name Google is derived from the term 'googol'. A googol is a 1 with 100
zeroes behind it.
 Google was invented by Larry Page and Sergey Brin.

Have you ever tried?

 Trick 1 - Barrel Roll. Type 'Do a barrel roll' and hit enter or click
search, and watch it roll!
 Trick 2 – Google Gravity. Type in “Google Gravity” and then click
“I`m feeling lucky”.
 Trick 3 – Google Askew. Type in “Askew” click enter and watch
what happens.

Unit 2.
A PERSON DAY BY DAY

Lesson 4. E-mail and Skype. (Social net-work).

Project work.

1. Listen and say.

2. Transcribe the following words.

virtual ______________________
profile ______________________
interact ______________________
community ______________________
enable ______________________
performance ______________________
availability ______________________

3. Learn the definitions of the words.

virtual exists by the use of computer software

profile a description of sb. that gives useful information
interact to communicate
community all the people that live in a particular area
enable to make possible
performance how well or bad something works or is done
availability possible to get, buy or find

4. Read the text and answer the comprehension questions.

Social net-work
Social networking sites are virtual communities where users can create individual
public profiles, interact with real-life friends and meet other people. The first social
networking site appeared in 1995. However, few people could imagine that this new form
of web communication would grow to become the largest virtual community in the
world.
Today, social networking sites, such as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter,
Skype, Myspace are some of the most popular forms of communication, connecting
billions of people from all over the world. Social networking sites have taken virtual
interaction to another level, enabling people from all corners of the world to meet on a
single platform and share information. The success of these sites is demonstrated by their
global presence, fast performance and availability on our mobile devices.

Exercise 5. Say True or False?

1) Social network is used by people to interact with each other. T F

2) New form of web communication grew as the largest virtual community.
T F
3) Few people use webs like Twitter, Youtube, Instagram and others. T F
4) Social network is not able to enable people from all over the world to
communicate. T F
5) The success of these sites is demonstrated by just a popularity. T F

Exercise 6. What web sites or apps are your favorite? Write 5-10 sentences about
the app you use the most and share with your class.

Exercise 7. Read the article about e-mail. How often do you use e-mail? Find out
new vocabulary and highlight them.

E-mail

E- mail is an information and communication technology. It uses

technology to communicate a digital message from a sender to a receiver
over the internet. The most popular email platforms include Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo!
Mail, Outlook and many others. Generally, email systems required the author and
recipient, both to be online at the same time in common with instant messaging.

An internet e-mail has three components: the message envelope, the message
header and the message body. The message header contains control information, subject
header field can also be added and the body contains the main message with many
different attachments.

Interesting facts:
1) The first email sent was in 1971. Ray Tomlinson, the engineer who invented the
email program on the ARPANET system, sent the message to himself and
received it on a computer sitting right next to him.
2) Almost 2,8 million email are sent every second, according to Internet Live
Stats.
3) People check their email about 15 times a day.
4) 86% of professionals say that email is their favorite way to communicate.
5) Only 14% of the emails a person receives every day are considered important.

Exercise 8. Do you know what is Skype? Read the text about this app and answer
the questions.

What is Skype?

How many of us today can`t live without Internet. It became an essential part of
modern society. Many terms related to new technology appear everywhere in the world
because of the interaction of people in various fields. And the most important connecting
tool for that to communicate and develop is Internet.
Every day we keep in touch with our friends using different social networking apps,
we make voice calls and even video call to be closer to each other. Some people prefer
just to text messages and others to see a friend. Supporting this idea, in August 2003
Skype was founded.
Skype is available in over 28 languages and is used in almost every country around
the world. Every day millions of people use Skype software to communicate with others
through free voice and video calls, as well as instant messages.
Exercise 9. Match the words on the left with the words on the right.

1. go a) the web
2. do b) online
3. surf c) emails
4. delete d) on a link
5. download e) an Internet search
6. click f) music

Exercise 10. Project work. Split up in pairs and work.

3) Interview other
1) Create a crossword 2) Try to make your own students at school about
about internet and blog about daily life at their favorite internet
social network school apps

Project work

6) If possible, ask your

4) Make up a 5) Answer the classmates.these
dialogue questions below questions

Answer the questions:

1) Do you go on the Internet? If so, what are your favorite website?

2) Do you have a blog or read other people`s?
3) Do you download material from the Internet? What do you download?
4) Do you watch films with subtitles or without?
5) What are Safari, Explorer and Firefox?
6) What is spam?
 7) How do you say this: [email protected]?
8) How many hours you can spend online?
9) How often you change your passwords? Do you use one password for all your
profiles or you create new one for each?

Unit 3.
SOCIETY AND ME

Lesson 1. The rules of etiquette.

About good manners.
 1. Listen and repeat.

harmony

2. Transcribe the following words.

etiquette ______________________

customs ______________________

rules ______________________

behavior ______________________

kindness ______________________

distinguish ______________________

acceptable ______________________

harmony ______________________

attitude ______________________

caution ______________________

boastful ______________________

arrogant ______________________

punctual ______________________

3. Learn the words with their definitions.

etiquette -rules for polite behavior society

custom -generally accepted behavior
rules -statement of what may, must or must not be done
behavior -the way that sb. behaves, especially towards other people
kindness - the quality of being kind
distinguish - to recognize the difference between two people or things
acceptable - agreed or approved of by most people in society
 harmony - a state of peaceful existence and agreement
attitude - the way that you behave towards sb./smth. that shows
how you feel and think
caution - not taking any risks
boastful - talking about yourself in a very proud way
arrogant - behaving in a proud, unpleasant way
punctual - happening or doing sth.at the arranged or correct time,
not late

4. Read the text about the rules of etiquette.

The rules of etiquette

Etiquette is the customs or rules of polite and correct behavior in social and official
life. Etiquette is about kindness, it is about
being friendly, it is about being polite. It is
about good manners. Etiquette helps us know
how to treat others.

They distinguish several types of etiquette.

They are social etiquette, professional
etiquette, meeting etiquette, eating etiquette
etc. The social etiquette is one of the most
important etiquettes. It informs an individual about the norms and behavior that society
considers acceptable. It refers to your behavior with your family, friends, neighbours,
coworkers or strangers. It teaches us to follow social norms to live in harmony with
others.

On the other hand, manners are behaviors that reflect a person’s attitude. It’s good
manners to follow etiquette.

The rules of etiquette teaches us how to be nice. Here are some of them:

 Be yourself and allow others to treat you with respect.

 Say “Thank you!”
 Listen before speaking.
 Speak with kindness and caution.
 Give genuine compliments.
 Don’t be boastful, arrogant or loud.
 Be punctual.
5. Say True or False.
1. Sometimes it is really good to be rude. T F
2. To say “Thank you” is very important. T F
3. You should listen before you speak. T F
4. It is impolite to be always late. T F
5. You should think before you act. T F

6. Read text about English manners. Do you agree with them?

1. In England the lady is the first to greet.

2. Men do not usually raise their hats to other men, they raise their hats to ladies
only.
3. A gentleman (but not a lady) always takes off his right hand glove when he
wants to shake hands with a lady or a gentleman.
4. A gentleman always walks on the side nearest to the road if he walks with a
lady.
5. Ladies and girls who know each other very well or great friends kiss each other
when they meet or part. Men usually meet and part with a handshake.
6. If you do not know the name of a lady, call her “Madam” when you speak to her.
7. If you asked at table whether you want this or that, say “Thank you” if you wish
to have it, but if you do not wish to have it you should say “No, thank you”.
8. For everything an Englishman receives, he says “Thank you!”
9. Asking for something, they either begin or end with “Please”.

7. Match the sentences.

1. If you asked at the table whether you want a. they either begin and end with.
``please`` this or that,
2. Asking for something, b. say ``thank you``if you wish
to have it.
3. If you don’t know the ame of a lady, c.call her ``madam``.
4. A gentleman always takes off his right hand glove d. when he wants to shake
hands.
5. In England the lady is e. always first.
6. Men don’t ususally raise their hats to other men, f. if he walks with a lady
7. A gentleman always walks on the side nearest to the road g. they raise their
hats to ladies only.
8. For everything Englishman recieves h. he says ``thank you``.
8. Read more about the Etiquette. Decide what you should do or shouldn`t do,
put tick or cross.

Guide to mobile phone etiquette

Switch off your phone in a theatre. ______
Talk loudly on your phone in piblic. ______
Never send text messages when you are driving. ______
Reply to a message on your phone while you are talking. ______
to somebody face-to-face.
Play niosy games on a phone in public. ______
Use your phone at a petrol station. ______
Take photos of people without permission. ______
Set your phone to silent mode on a train. ______
Turn off your phone on a plane during take-off and landing. ______

9. Answer the questionaire and then interwiew your partner.

Let`s decide how well-mannered you are?

WHEN YOU ARE HAVING A

MEAL WITH FRIENDS IN A
RESTAURANT ...
*leave your mobile on silent on the table in front of you;
*answer or send a text or message;
*make a phone call.

WHEN YOU ARE GREETING PEOPLE…

*use more formal language when speaking to an older person;
* hug a woman when you meet her for the first time;
*use your partner's parents' first names.

WHEN YOU ARE INVITED TO

SOMEBODY'S HOUSE...
*criticize the food (e.g. if it is too cold, salty, etc.);
*take a present;
*write an email to say ‘thank you’.

10. Write about the manners related to Turkmen culture and traditions.
 1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________

Unit 3.
SOCIETY AND ME

Lesson 2. About my manners. I am in my

classmates point. Compound nouns.

you Please
 Good manners

1. Listen and repeat.

2. Transcribe the following words:

Manners _____________________
Behavior _____________________
Disciplined _____________________
Peaceful _____________________
Neat _____________________
Permission _____________________
Respectful _____________________
Confident _____________________
Secure _____________________
Enthusiastic _____________________
Nervous _____________________
Calm _____________________

3. Work with definitions.

Manners behavior that is considered to be polite.

Behavior the way that somebody behaves.
Disciplined controlled behavior or situation.
Peaceful not involving an argument.
Neat tidy.
Permission statement of allowing somebody to do something.
Respectful showing or feeling respect.
 Confident feeling sure about your own ability to do things
and be successful.
Secure feeling happy and confident about yourself.
Enthusiastic a feeling of interest in something and spending a lot of
time doing it.
Nervous anxious about something or afraid of something.
Calm not excited, nervous or upset.

4. Use the following words where necessary.

1. They sat in her _____ and tidy kitchen.

2. I felt really _______before the interview.

3. The teacher wants students to feel ________ about asking questions when they
don`t understand.

5. He is going to be very successful because he is well _______.

6. She took the car without __________.

7. Mahym is very _________about writing poems. She spends hours composing

them.

5. Read the text.

About my manners

Hello! My name is Merjen. I live in

Ashgabat. I go to a secondary school and Never
enjoy learning English. I am fond of reading
Go out of style
books. I like reading foreign and Turkmen
 literature. I think that reading helps a lot in life. Every time you can learn many
things. They usually teach us good manners and how to behave yourself.
Good manners are necessary for a person to live a happy, disciplined and
peaceful life as well as to be successful in any field. There are many good manners
to follow in our life. By following them we can become a good person. Everyone
will love you and trust you if you follow these manners. I want to tell you about
manners that I follow every time. They are useful in social, personal and school
life. I`d like to share them with you. They are as follows:

1. Greet everyone with respect.

2. Take care of your health, get up early in the morning, brush your teeth, take
a shower. To keep your body and mind clean.
3. Do some physical exercise if possible.
4. To be neat and clean.
5. Be respectful with your parents. Take a permission when you go out of the
house.
6. Use magical words “please”, “thank you” and “sorry”.
7. Don`t take things without permission.
8. Never interfere between other`s talk and wait for your turn.
9. Never use bad words or abuse in front of others.
10. Gossip and talking bad about others is not the example of good manners.

6. Answer the questions.

1. What are some things that people should do to be polite?

__________________________________________________________
2. What are some examples of impolite behavior that you have noticed?
__________________________________________________________
3. What examples of bad manners do you often see?
__________________________________________________________
4. How do you usually behave yourself with older people?
__________________________________________________________
5. In which situations it is extra important to be polite?
 __________________________________________________________

Compound Nouns

mean one thing/person/idea. For example:

tennis ball blackboard workbook
homework ice cream snow ball

Often the first word ends in –ing. Usually these are things used for doing something.
For example:
a washing machine a dining room a swimming pool
When nouns are together like this, sometimes we write them as one word and
sometimes as two separate words. For example:
a headache toothpaste a weekend table tennis
There are no clear rules for this. If you are not sure, it is usually better to write two
words. You can often put a hyphen (-) between the two words:
a dining-room the city-center

a three-hour journey (not “a three-hours journey)

a ten-pound note (not “pounds”)
smart 14-year-old girl (not “years”)
a four-week English course (not “weeks”)

7. Match the words from circle A with words in B to make compound nouns.

Horse
Room
Milk
Race
Bath
Shop
Computer
8. Answer the questions using two of the following words each time.

accident belt card credit editor forecast newspaper number road room
seat shop weather window
1. This can be caused by bad driving. A road accident
2. If you are staying at a hotel, you need to remember this. Your ______
3. You should wear this when you are in a car. A ______
4. You can sometimes use this to pay for things instead of cash. A _____
5. If you want to know if it`s going to rain, you can read or listen to this. A
_______
6. This person is a top journalist. A________
7. You might stop to look in this when you`re walking along the street.
A _______

9. Complete the sentences using one of the following.

15minute(s) 60 minute(s) two hour(s) five day(s) two year(s) 500 year (s)
six mile(s) 20 pound(s) five course(s) ten page(s) 450page(s)

ATTENTION: Sometimes you need the singular (day/page) and sometimes

the plural (days/pages)

1. It`s quite a long book. There are 450 pages.

2. A few days ago I received a ten-page letter from Merjen.
3. I didn`t have any change. I only had a______note.
4. At work in the morning I usually have a __________ break for coffee.
5. There are __________in an hour.
 6. It is only a __________flight from London to Madrid.
7. It was a big meal. There were _________.
8. Mary has just started a new job. She`s got a __________contract.
9. The oldest building in the city is the ____________old castle.
10. I work _________a week. Saturday and Sunday are free.
11. We went for a ___________walk in the country.

10. Pair work. Do this quiz in order to distinquish your classmate`s personality.
Then score your answers and find out which category best describes each of you.

I am in my classmate`s point
Personality Quiz

1. When your friend works on a big project, does he/she:

a. tries to finish it as quickly as possible?
b. works on it over a long period of tme?
c. puts off finishing it as long as possible?

2. When he/she does something, does he/she:

a. tries to do a first-class job so people will notice?
b. does it as well as he/she can without worrying too much about it?
c. does only what he/she must to get it done?

3. When faced with a difficult challenge, does he/she:

a. look forward to facing it?
b. worry about dealing with it?
c. avoid it if possible ?

4. Does your friend think the best way to get the most out of a day is to:
a. do as many things as possible?
b. take your time to get things done?
c. do only those things you really have to?

5. When something needs to be done, does he/she:

a. decide to do it yourself?
b. work with others to get it done?
c. offer to do it only if no one else will?
 6. When something doesn`t work out the way your friend wants:
a. he/she gets angry with himself and others?
b. thinks calmly about what to do?
c. gives upbecause it wasn`t important anyway?

7. When people take a long time to get something done, does he/she:
a. gets impatent and takes over?
b. gently encourages them to get it done?
c. lets them take their time?

8. If to compare your goals, does he/she

a. sets out to do much better than you?
b. hopes that you and they can achieve similar things in life?
c. doesn`t care if somebody sets higher goals than himself?
9. When people are late for appointments, does he/she:
a. gets angry and stressed out?
b. remember that he/she is sometimes late, too?
c. no worries, because he/she is usually late,too?
10. When people are talking to him/her, does he/she:
a. not listen and think about other things?
b. listen and enter into the conversation?
c. let them take over and agree with everything they say?
11. When people are expressing their ideas and opinions, does your friend:
a. step in and give your own opinions?
b. listen and share own ideas?
c. Listen but not add your own opinions?
Scoring : Count up how many A, B, C answers your partner gave. If there are…

more A answers: This person is a superachiever.

more B answers: This person is the cool and steady type.

more C answers: This person is the easygoing or carefree type.

11. Group work. Compare your scores. Then suggest four basic characteristics of
each personality type.

“The superachiever is the kind of person who…

He or she can`t stand it when…”
1._________________________________________________
 2._________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________

12. These words are used to describe people or their personality type. Work with
dictionary and decide which are positive (P)? Which are negative (N)?

anxious ________________ embarrassed____________

calm __________________ enthusiastic_____________
comfortable_____________ nervous________________
confident_______________ secure_________________
curious_________________ suspicious______________
depressed_______________ worried________________

Unit 3.
SOCIETY AND ME

Lesson 3. Clothes for different situations.

My style of clothing.
1. Listen and repeat.

2. Transcribe the following words:

clothes _____________________
ordinary____________________
scruffy______________________
formal______________________
elegant _____________________
designer ____________________
trendy _____________________
fashionable __________________
warm ________________
old-fashioned _________________
dowdy __________________
plain __________________
casual __________________

3. Work with definitions.

clothes – things you wear everyday
ordinary- usual, not different in any way
scruffy- dirty or untidy
formal- very correct or suitable for official or important occasions
elegant - attractive and designed well
designer- (clothing) made by a famous designer
trendy- very fashionable
fashionable- following a style that is popular at a particular time
old-fashioned- not modern, no longer fashionable
 dowdy- not attractive or fashionable
plain- simple, not decorated
casual- not formal

Did you Clothes is a plural noun. If you want to talk about one shirt
know?
shirt, one sock, etc. you say a piece of clothing or item of clothing.
Clothes is always followed by a plural verb:

All my clothes are packed and I am ready for

my trip.

Collocations with “clothes”

VERBS PHRASES ADJ/NOUN + CLOTHES

a change of clothes warm clothes

to wear clothes casual clothes
be dressed in…clothes evening clothes
put your clothes on
take off/ remove your clothes designer clothes
change clothes somebody`s best clothes
formal clothes
school/work clothes
sports clothes
ordinary clothes
civilian clothes
baby clothes
maternity clothes
plain clothes
fashionable/trendy clothes
elegant clothes
old-fashioned clothes
smart clothes
 scruffy clothes
second-hand clothes
dowdy clothes

4. Complete sentences with appropriate adjectives.

fashionable old-fashioned
scruffy smart stylish trendy

1. Long skirts are very fashionable now.

2. She is very_________. She always wears the latest fashions.
3. The Italians have a reputation for being very __________ -they wear fashionable
and attractive clothes.
4. He looks really__________. His clothes are old and a bit dirty.
5. Jane looked very _________ in her new suit. She wanted to make a good
impression.
6. That tie is a bit __________. Is that your father`s?

NOTE!

Fashionable is a general adjective, and

means following a style that is popular
at a particular
time.
Trendy is very similar, but is more
informal.
Stylish means fashionable and attr
active

5. Read the text about Serdar`s style of clothing and answer the questions.

MY STYLE OF CLOTHING

Clothes are an important part of our ordinary life. There are various styles of
clothes nowadays, so people can choose what to wear on different occasions.
As for me, I have a good collection of clothes in my wardrobe. There are a couple of
suits which are of classic style. I wear them to school. Then I have some jeans and T-
shirts for casual days. And at last I have a couple of trousers and shirts for parties and
special occasions. Most of all I like wearing ordinary jeans with matching shirts. I think it
is not only convenient, but also stylish.
As for shoes, I prefer wearing sports shoes or sneakers, but I need to wear some
black classic shoes to school. I like wearing leather shoes, they are comfortable and
durable.
I always try to keep my clothes and shoes neat. I think that clothes tell a lot about
people and can make a strong impression. So if they are tidy and nice, the impression will
be positive.

6. Say True or False?

1. The styles of clothes nowadays are very poor. ________

2. Serdar has a good collection of clothes in his wardrobe. ________
3. He wears jeans and shirts to school. ________
4. He wears clothes of classical style to the parties. ________
5. Most of all Serdar likes jeans with matching shirts. ________
6. He prefers wearing sneakers. ________
7. Serdar doesn`t like leather shoes, they are not convenient. ________
8. He always keeps his clothes and shoes neat. ________
9. Clothes can tell a lot about a person. ________
10. Tidy clothes make a positive impression about you. ________

7. Interview your partner with these questions.

1. What type of clothes do you like to wear?

2. What kind of clothes do people in your country usually wear?
3. How important is fashion to you?
4. What kind of clothes do you dislike?
5. Do you think people behave differently in different kinds of clothes?

Clothes for different situations.

8. Match the words and pictures
Clothes
1. Coat
2. Dress
3. Jacket
4. Jeans
5. Shirt
6. Shorts
7. Skirt
8. Suit
9. Sweater (synonym Jumper)
10. Tracksuit
11. Trousers
12. T-shirt
13. Cardigan
Footwear
14. Boots
15. Sandals
16. Shoes
17. Trainers
Accessories
18. Belt
19. Cap
20. Hat
21. Gloves
22. Scarf
23. Socks
24. Tie
Jewellery
25. Bracelet
26. Earrings
27. Necklace
28. Ring