e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com
SAFETY HELMET FOR COAL MINERS USING IOT FOR MINING AND TRACKING
Vinay Kumar Singh *1, Karishma Poojari *2, Kuldeep Rathod*3, Sahil Prabhune*4, Rohit Shinde*5
*1
Proffesor, ETRX department, SLRTCE, Thane, India
*2
Student, ETRX department, SLRTCE, Thane, India
ABSTRACT
Working within the earth presents many alternative security and health dangers. The underground setting is shaky
or unpleasant. The mines that square measure deeper, the a lot of dangerous it may well be to be running jobs.
There’s atomic number 8 leak that's restricted, and there square measure challenges associated with feat a mine if a
crisis happen. thus here we have a tendency to propose a mining trailing likewise as safety system for the mining
business victimisation microcontroller based mostly circuit on the employee helmet. we have a tendency to use rf
based mostly electronic equipment to discover employees moving through the whole mining web site. The helmet is
integrated with associate degree rf based mostly trailing system that in coordination with the hunter rf systems
facilitate offer knowledge over IOT. The system makes use of Atmega microcontroller based mostly rf hunter
electronic equipment to receive the info transmitted by employee helmet nodes. This helps map this location of
employees through the whole mining web site. what is more every employee helmet circuit is integrated with a
panic/emergency button. This button once ironed shows associate degree emergency give up the IOT net interface
regarding the employee emergency. this may be used for any emergencies like – venomous gas inhalation, cave ins,
physical injury etc. therefore the system ensures mining employee safety victimisation IOT.
Keywords: IoT (Internet of Things), Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity),LCD (liquid crystal display).

I. INTRODUCTION
India may be a country that is known for its intensive and distinct minerals reserves and massive mining
businesses.India produces concerning eighty eight minerals, out of that it's four minerals to fuel ,ten minerals that's
of kind metals ,fifty minerals that's of metalloid in nature and remaining Supervisors are going to be control in
control of all the injuries that surface below their management.At the purpose whereas they're on job with
machinery that produces blast, being conscious of ones surroundings can usually be tough.The mining helmet is one
in all the security accessories that they ne'er tend to get rid of.The mining helmets haven't any intelligence adjoined
thereto to let employees recognize once he or is his associate employees have knowledgeable a dangerous event.The
motivation of the project is to specialize a current protecting helmet for mine employees to create it still safer and
technologically advanced by as well as a sensors,twenty four includes minor minerals .Generation of coal within the
year 2012 and 2014 remained at 5 hundred and forty Million Tonnes and 5 hundred and fifty seven Million
Tonnes.We have designed a helmet which is working on three parameters. It consists of a main sensors which are
used to detect carbon monoxide or any other harmful gas inside the coal mine. For wireless communication,
transmitter and receiver section is used. The display screen is used to read these parameters. The buzzer is used to
give alert indication under harmful and dangerous condition. The role of the IoT in the context of mining, there are
differences between the Internet that consumers know and the Internet that makes machines smart both conceptually
and technically.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Beena M Varghese, Binisha Balan, Reshma ganghadharan planned at International Journal of engineering associate
degreed innovative technology (IJEIT) on 2015 on Intelligence Safety System for Coal Miners in this they need
designed a system on sensible helmet supported ZIGBEE module in this system is accomplished real time police
investigation with an early intelligence on alkane. they will live temperature, wetness in mining and scale back
safety drawback in coal production.
Pranjal Hazarika planned at first international conference of IEEE on 2016 on Implementation of sensible safety
helmet on mine staff during this they need designed a system supported X-BEE Module which may sense the
harmful gases like alkane and CO gas concentration is on the far side the important level controller within the room
triggers associate degree alarm associate degreed keeps the plant and staff safe by preventing an approaching
accident.
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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com
Sunil Waghmare, Prof. Ashish Manusmare, Prof.Vijay Roy planned a world journal of science, engineering and
technology analysis (IJSETR) on 2017 and designed a system on MICROCONTROLLER primarily based
sensible helmet for miner safety during this they have centered on the miners management system, that supported
wireless network real time observation with intial warning intelligence on harmful gases ,collision detection in
mining space and RF module used for data transfer to scale back safety issues in coal mining areas .If they crosses
predefined limit, then the removed device gets alert because the buzzer can mechanically activate with LCD display
shows the standing.

III. BLOCK DIAGRAM

The below diagram shows in figurethe overall connections and requirements for the safety helmet. The sensors and
regulators are connected to the MICROCONTROLLER and power supply is given. The ESP8266 is to be
connected to 2.4GHz bandwidth Wi-Fi ,after that the sensors will start sensing the environment and the gas and
temperature reading will be taken. As temperature exceeds the miners receive a message.

IV. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 ATmega328P Microcontroller

The Atmel ATmega328P could be a 32K 8-bit microcontroller supported the AVR design. Many directions unit
dead throughout one clock cycle providing a product of as regards to twenty units of measurement at 20MHz. The
ATMEGA328-PU comes in academic degree PDIP twenty eight pin package and is acceptable to be used on our
twenty eight pin AVR Development Board.

The laptop on one hand is supposed to perform all the general purpose tasks on one machine like you'll use
a laptop to run a software system package to perform calculations otherwise you'll use a pc to store
some multimedia file or to access internet through the browser, whereas the microcontrollers unit meant to
perform exclusively the actual tasks, for e.g., modification the AC off automatically once temperature drops to a
particular made public limit and another time turning it ON once temperature rises on top of the made public limit.
There unit vary of widespread families of microcontrollers that unit utilised in fully totally different applications as
per their capability and practicableness to perform the required task, commonest of these unit 8051, AVR and PIC
microcontrollers. throughout this we tend to area unit progressing to introduce you with AVR family of
microcontrollers.

*ESP8266 wireless fidelity MODULE

ESP8266 is Wi-Fi enabled system on chip (SoC) module developed by Espresso if system. it's mainly used for
development of IoT (Internet of Things) embedded applications. It employs a 32-bit pc design mainframe supported
the Tensilica Xtensa L06 running at 80MHz. it is a sixty four K boot store sixty four K instruction RAM and

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com
96KB information RAM. External non-volatile storage is accessed through SPI.ESP8266 module is
low value standalone wireless transreceiver which will be used for end-point IOT developments.

ESP8266-01 module using UART having such baud rate.

EM-18 RFID MODULE

• frequency Identification (RFID) may well be a wireless identification technology that uses radio waves to identify
the presence of RFID Tags.
• a bit like Universal Product Code reader RFID technology is used for identification of people, object etc. presence.
• In barcode technology, we would like to optically scan the barcode by keeping it before of reader, areas in RFID
technology we've a bent to easily got to bring RFID tags in vary of readers. Also , barcodes is broken or dirty, that
won't at intervals the case for several of the RFID.
• RFID is used in many applications like human action system throughout that everybody will have their separate
RFID tag which may facilitate establish person and their human action.

V. SOFTWARE SYSTEM DEMAND

*ArduinoUno

The foremost common version of Arduino is that the Arduino Uno. This board is what the bulk unit of
measurement talking regarding once they raise Associate in Nursing Arduino. at intervals future step, there is
a ton of complete outline of its choices.

• Arduino weight unit, Diecimila, and thus the Duemilanove (Legacy Versions) bequest versions of the Arduino
Uno line of business incorporates the load unit, Diecimila, and thus the Duemilanove. the mandatory issue to
note regarding inheritance boards is that they lack specific feature of the Arduino Uno. Some key differences: The
Diecimila Associate in Nursingd weight unit use associate degree ATMEGA168 chips (as opposition the plenty of
powerful ATMEGA328), every the Diecimila and weight unit have a jumper next to the USB port
and required manual selection of either USB or battery power. The Arduino weight unit wants that you simply} just
hold the rest button on the board for several seconds before uploading a program.

• Arduino Mega 2560

The Mega is that the second most generally encountered version of the . The Arduino Mega is simply just like
the Arduino Uno's beefier older brother. It boasts 256 K of memory (8 times quite the Uno). It jointly had fifty four
input and output pins, sixteen of that unit of measurement analog pins, and fourteen of which can do PWM.
However, all of the added utility comes at the value of a rather larger card. it's going to create your project plenty of
powerful, but it's going to jointly build your project larger. Verify the official Arduino Mega 2560 page
for plenty of details.

• Arduino Mega ADK

This specialised version of the Arduino is essentially associate in Nursing Arduino Mega that has been specifically
designed for interfacing with mechanism smart phones. Arduino pad, the pad was designed for wearable and textile
applications. it's purported to be seamed to material and Connected to different sew ready components
pattern semi conductive thread. This board wants the use of a special FTDI-USB TTL serial programming cable.
For plenty of knowledge, the Arduino pad page is also a good begin line. Some of us take into account the
full Arduino board as a microcontroller, but usually this can be} often inaccurate. The Arduino board actually is
also a specially designed card for programming and prototyping with Atmel microcontrollers.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com

VI. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE UPGRADATION

Safety has been a priority in mining business. whereas mining has become abundant safer than earlier
decades however still accidents occur. Exploitation this technique, alteration within the encompassing
maybe monitored and precautions may be taken for staff. The system additionally provides a way to rescue
the staff in important things. The security provided by the helmet may be improved by any enhancements within
the integrations of the system. The RF technology could be a low price technology compared
to alternative communication systems. The system may be increased by increasing the signal strength
by inserting a extra antenna and topermit quick information sensing element processing. Little changes is
also created in infrared sensor at intervals the helmet for merely not provoking due to internal reflections. Also,
system is also raised by adding live equipments to measure the center beat rate, rate and force per unit area.

VII. REFERENCES
[1] Sunil Waghmare, Prof. Ashish Manusmare “Microcontroller primarily based sensible Helmet for Coal Miners
Safety” volume half dozen issue: 8th august -2017.
[2] Jagadeesh R, Dr. Nagarajan “IOT primarily based sensible Helmet for unsafe event detection for mining
industry” volume four issue:01 January - 2017.
[3] Conference paper with Gregorian calendar month 2016 IEEE first International conference on power natural
philosophy, Intelligent management and energy systems.
[4] Akshata Dewarkar, Rashmi Lengure, and Prof. Sumit Borakha de “Smart Device for Security of mine
Workers” volume five issue tenth march 2019
[5] International Journal of natural philosophy, Electrical and process System, IJEECS, and volume seven issue
four Apr 2018.

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