Lesson 5.

2
Graphical Presentation of
Data

Business Mathematics
Accountancy, Business, and Management

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Have you heard of the statement:
"a picture is worth a thousand
words?"

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It means that a
single image can
communicate
complex ideas
and concepts.

3
In business, managers need
accurate and comprehensive
information to make quick
and correct decisions amid
intense competition.

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Complex business data
can be communicated
through graphical
presentations.

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Quick Look

Communicating with Graphics

Charles is an employee of a buy-and-sell company. For his performance
evaluation, he was asked to present his net sales for the first quarter of
the year. In January, his net sales were ₱155,588. In February, his net
sales were ₱143,240. In March, his net sales were ₱149,530.

He presented this information using the following graph.

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Quick Look

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Quick Look

Questions to Ponder
1. What graph did Charles use to present the business data?
2. What are the advantages of using this particular kind of graph?
3. What is the difference between graphs and tables?

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Learning Competencies

This lesson aims to target the following DepEd competencies:

● Describe the different kinds of graphs for data presentation
(ABM_BM11PAD-IIi-6).
● Describe the essential parts of a graph (ABM_BM11PAD-IIi-7).
● Give a set of business data; identify the graphs to be used
(ABM_BM11PAD-IIg-3).
● Draw the graph/table to present the data (ABM_BM11PAD-IIi-
9).
● Analyze and interpret the data presented in a graph/table
(ABM_BM11PAD-IIi-10).

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Learning Objectives

In this lesson, you should be able to do the following:

● Identify the different types and essential parts of graphs used
to present business data.
● Determine the type of graph to be used on a given business
data.
● Create graphs to present tabulated business data.
● Analyze and interpret a graph.

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Are graphical presentations the best
way to communicate business data?

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Graphical Presentation of Business Data

● Timely and effective decisions require accurate,

comprehensive, and well-organized business data.

● A graphical presentation of data helps in explaining the

business’s situation and performance in an easy-to-
understand way.

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 Graphical Presentation of Business Data

● exhibits the relation

between data, ideas,
information, and Graphical
concepts Presentation of Data
● results from an initial
analysis of data

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 Graphical Presentation of Business Data

Use of Diagram and

Graphics

highlight the most relevant

findings from tabular data

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 Graphical Presentation of Business Data

Parts of a Graph

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 Graphical Presentation of Business Data

Figure Number Title

assigned to figure in your offers a short explanation of

presentation so that you what is presented in the
can easily locate and refer
graph
to them

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 Graphical Presentation of Business Data

Y-axis X-axis

● or horizontal axis
● or vertical axis ● presents the different
● composed of the things periods or categories of
being measured, or
things being compared or
dependent variable
the independent variable

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 Graphical Presentation of Business Data

Legend

clarifies the meaning of

elements (e.g., colors, icons,
lines)

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 Graphical Presentation of Business Data

Types of Graphs

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 Line Graph

Definition and Use

● used to present continuous data
● designed to present changes and trends
● useful for predicting future events over time

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 Analyzing the Company’s Population

Construct a graph on the company population from 2016 to

2020. Refer to the following table:

Table 1. Company Employee Population from 2016 to 2020

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

78 94 115 148 123

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 Analyzing the Company’s Population

Figure 1. Company Employee Population from 2016 to 2020

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 Analyzing Sales Per Salesperson

Construct a graph showing the number of sales generated by

each salesperson in 2021. Refer to the following table.

Table 2. Sales Generated Per Salesperson in 2021

Salesman 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
A 567 378 375 758
B 492 285 397 821
C 601 316 364 795

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 Line Graph

Figure 2. Sales Generated Per Salesperson in 2021

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 Check Your Progress

1 Give an example of business data best illustrated through a

line graph.

Answer area

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 Bar Graph

Definition and Use

● compares data on a certain category using rectangular
bars
● the length or height of the bar is proportional to the
quantity each one represents

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 Analyzing the Sales of Product Offerings

A juice company released juice boxes in different flavors. They

ran a pilot test and analyzed the sales to determine which
flavor did not yield enough sales and must be laid off. Create a
graph representing the net sales of each product.

Table 3. Sales of Juice Boxes per Flavor

Orange Mango Guyabano Grapes
168 189 110 132

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 Line Graph

Figure 3. Sales of Orange Juice per Flavor

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 Analyzing Consumer Preferences

A statistics company surveyed the most popular food delivery

app in the Philippines. Create a graph to represent different
food delivery apps. The survey results are the following.

Table 4. Preferred food delivery apps based on survey

App A App B App C App D App E
345 284 312 296 302

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 Analyzing Consumer Preferences

Figure 4. Preferred food delivery apps based on survey

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 Check Your Progress

2 Give an example of business data best illustrated through a

bar graph.

Answer area

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 Pie Chart or Circle Graph

Definition and Use

● shows the data as parts of a whole
● the circle represents 100%
● the divided portion represents the categories and their
corresponding share or percentage

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 Analyzing Voter Preference

A company surveyed the election. The survey included 1,000

individuals. Respondents were asked their presidential bet.
Present the data that can be found in the following table.

Table 5. Presidential bet survey results

Politician A Politician B Politician C Politician C
302 298 195 205

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 Analyzing Voter Preference

Figure 5. Presidential bet survey results

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 Analyzing the Employment Status of the Workforce

A company of 195 employees is categorized into interns,

probationary employees, regular employees, and managerial
employees. Create a graph that represents the population of
the employees. The data are as follows.
Table 6. Workforce distribution based on employment status
Interns Probationary Regular Managerial
20 36 121 23

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 Analyzing the Employment Status of the Workforce

Figure 6. Workforce distribution based on employment status

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 Check Your Progress

3 Give an example of business data best illustrated through a

pie chart or circle graph.

Answer area

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Keep in Mind

● Timely and effective business decisions require accurate,

comprehensive, and well-organized data. However, managers and
executives do not always have the luxury of time to sift information
from data tables. A graphical presentation of data is an effective tool
to highlight the most relevant information on a business situation.

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Keep in Mind

● There are three primary forms of graphical data: line graph, bar
graph, and pie chart. The decision on which type to use depends on
the kind of data and the message you want to convey.

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Keep in Mind

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Keep in Mind

● The essential parts of a graph are the figure number, title, y-axis
(vertical axis), x-axis (horizontal axis), and legend. These components
help readers easily understand the graphical representations of
business data.

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Bibliography

Santos, Durwin and Sta. Maria, Karl Bryan. Business Math. Makati City: Don Bosco Press, Inc., 2015.

Sterling, Mary Jane. Business Math for Dummies. NJ: Wiley, 2008.
http://mis.kp.ac.rw/admin/admin_panel/kp_lms/files/digital/SelectiveBooks/Mathematics/Business%20Math%20Fo
r%20Dummies%20-%20%20Mary%20Jane%20Sterling.pdf

eMathZone. 2015. “Construction of Statistical Table.” Accessed January 3, 2022.

https://www.emathzone.com/tutorials/basic-statistics/construction-of-statistical-table.html

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 Name the Parts
Bibliography

Product - Labeled parts of a graph with descriptions.

Name the parts of a graph and briefly define each one.

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Bibliography
Bibliography