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Grade 12 Physics Volume 2

This document contains chapter summaries for a Grade 12 Physics textbook. It covers topics in electromagnetic waves, ray optics, wave optics, the dual nature of light, atomic structure, nuclei, semiconductors and more. Key concepts include the electromagnetic spectrum, reflection and refraction, thin lens equations, photoelectric effect, Bohr model of the atom, nuclear fission and fusion, semiconductors and p-n junction diodes. Multiple questions and exercises are provided for each chapter to help explain and demonstrate understanding of these important physics concepts.

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sudhir2009knr
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25 views

Grade 12 Physics Volume 2

This document contains chapter summaries for a Grade 12 Physics textbook. It covers topics in electromagnetic waves, ray optics, wave optics, the dual nature of light, atomic structure, nuclei, semiconductors and more. Key concepts include the electromagnetic spectrum, reflection and refraction, thin lens equations, photoelectric effect, Bohr model of the atom, nuclear fission and fusion, semiconductors and p-n junction diodes. Multiple questions and exercises are provided for each chapter to help explain and demonstrate understanding of these important physics concepts.

Uploaded by

sudhir2009knr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRADE 12 PHYSICS VOLUME 2

Chapter 8 EM waves

1. a) Define EM waves or How EM waves produced? b)Draw its diagram. ( 2 m)


2. Write the mathematical expression for EM waves.
(1 m)
3. Listout the properties of EM waves (3m)
4. All basic principles of electromagnetism can be formulated in terms of four fundamental
equations called Maxwell equations. Listout these four Maxwell equations. ( 2m)
5. Discuss the inconsistency in Ampere circuital law. What modification was made by Maxwell in
this law? ( 2m)
6. What is displacement current ? (1m)
7. Listout the properties of displacement current (2m)
8. Define Electromagnetic spectrum ( 1m)
9. Listout frequency, wavelength, production, detection and properties and uses of all the waves
in Electromagnetic spectrum (6m)

Chapter 9 RAY OPTICS


Reflection
1. Draw sign convention of concave mirror for real image and virtual image (2m)
2.Draw sign convention of convex mirror for real image and virtual image (2m)
3. Draw rules to obtain ray diagram of concave mirror (2m)
4.Draw rules to obtain ray diagram of convex mirror (2m)
5. Derive the mirror formula for concave mirror when it forms real image and hence obtain
magnification formula (3m)
6.Derive the mirror formula for concave mirror when it forms virtual image (3m)
7. Derive the mirror formula for convex mirror when it forms virtual image and hence obtain
magnification formula (3m)
8. Obtain magnification formula for mirror in terms of u and f & v and f (2m)

Refraction and TIR

1. Define refraction and state laws of refraction (2m)


2. Define absolute refractive index and relative refractive index. Hence obtain the relationship
between them. ( 3m)
3. Explain the phenomenon of Total internal reflection with suitable ray diagram. (2m)
4. Define critical angle and write it's expression interns of refractive index (2m)
5. Explain the application of TIR
(a) Sparkling of diamond (2m)
(b) Mirrage (2m)
(c) reflecting prism (2m)
(d) optical fiber (2m)
6. Mention the condition to obtain TIR. (1m)

1
Lens

1. Derive the expression for refraction at *convex* spherical surface in which light refracts at
*rarer medium to denser medium* interface ( 3m)
2. Derive the expression for refraction at *convex* spherical surface in which light refracts at
*denser medium to rarer medium* interface ( 3m)
3. Derive the expression for refraction at *concave* spherical surface in which light refracts at
*rarer medium to denser medium* interface ( 3m)
4. Derive the expression for refraction at *concave* spherical surface in which light refracts at
*denser medium to rarer medium* interface ( 3m)

5. Derive the lens maker's formula for double *convex* lens. ( 3m)
6. Derive the lens maker's formula for double *concave* lens. ( 3m)
7. Derive thin lens formula and magnification formula for *convex lens* when it forms a *real
image* ( 3m)
8. Derive thin lens formula and magnification formula for *convex lens* when it forms a *virtual
image* ( 3m)
9. Derive thin lens formula and magnification formula for *concave lens* when it forms a
*virtual image* ( 3m)
10. Obtain magnification formula for lens in terms u and f & v and f ( 2m)
11. Mention the physical significance of refractive index. ( 1m)

Prism and optical instruments


1. Discuss the phenomenon of refraction through a prism and hence derive the expression for
angle of deviation ( 3m)
2. Discuss the variation of angle of deviation with angle of incidence in prism and hence derive
the expression for refractive index of prism. (3m)
3. Define dispersion, angular dispersion and dispersive power. ( 2m)
4. Explain the working of *simple microscope* and hence derive the expression for
magnification
(a) image formed at least distance of distinct vision
(b) image formed at infinity ( 3m)
5. Explain the working of *compound microscope* and hence derive the expression for
magnification
(a) image formed at least distance of distinct vision
(b) image formed at infinity ( 3m)
6. Explain the working of *astronomical telescope* and hence derive the expression for
magnification (a) image formed at least distance of distinct vision (b) image formed at infinity
( 3m)
7. With the help of ray diagram, explain the construction and working of a reflecting telescope
( 3m)

2
*Chapter 10 Wave optics*

1. Define wave front. Draw the wave front and ray diagram of the following
a) spherical wavefront, plane wave front , cylindrical wave front, converging spherical wavefront
and diverging spherical wavefront. (4m)
2. State Huygens principle. ( 2m)
3. Explain the reflection on the basis of wave theory and hence derive laws of reflection. (3m)
4. Explain the refraction on the basis of wave theory and hence derive laws of reflection. (3m)
5. (a)Define interference of light. (1m)
(b)Derive the condition for constructive and destructive interference of two superposed light
waves. (3m)
6. Explain Young's double slit experiment and write the expression for fringe width (2m)
7. What is coherent and non coherent sources (2m)
8. Obtain the condition for sustained interference of light (2m)
9. Explain the diffraction due to
a single slit and hence obtain expression for width of central maxima ( 3m)

Chapter 11
*Dual nature of light radiation*

1. Explain the various methods of electron emission from material surface ( 3m)
2. Define the following
a) work function of the material ( 1m)
b) Threshold frequency of the incident light (1m)
c) Stopping potential of photo electrons (1m)
3. Explain the Einstein photo electric experiment with suitable diagram.(3m)
4. Explain the Einstein photo electric equation with suitable diagram. (3m)
5. Explain how photo electric effect helps to determine the value of Planck constant and work
function of material. Draw the relevant graph. (3m)
6. Explain the following graphs in detail
a) photo current vs Intensity of incident light radiation (2m)
b) photo current vs potential applied across cathode and anode (2m)
c) photo current vs frequency of incident radiation (2m)
d) frequency of incident radiation vs potential applied across the cathode and anode (2m)
7. State the laws of Einstein photo electric effect (2m)
8. What is de Broglie waves? Obtain the expression for de Broglie wave length (3m)
9. Obtain the expression for de Broglie wave length of moving particle interms of Energy and
also for an electron accelerated by potential V. (2m)
10. List out the basic features of photon picture of light. (3m)
11.How wave theory of light fails to explain the photo electric effect. (3m)

3
Chapter 12 Atom

1. List out the drawback of Thomson atom model. (1m)


2. Explain the observation of Rutherford in alpha particle scattering experiment with gold foil
(3m)
3. Enumerate the Rutherford atom model (2m)
4. List out the drawback of Rutherford atom model (2m)
5. Derive the expression for closest approach of alpha particle with gold atom nucleus by
Rutherford atom model (3m)
6. Explain the postulates of Bohr atom model (3m)
7. Explain the Bohr's second postulate of quantization condition for electron in a given orbit
(2m)
8. Derive the expression for radius of electron orbit for hydrogen atom and hence obtain the
value of Bohr radius (3m)
9. Calculate the velocity of electron in hydrogen atom ( 2m)
10. Derive the expression for energy of an electron in a given orbit of hydrogen atom and hence
draw the energy level diagram with energy value upto 6th excited state. (3m)
11. Explain the various emission spectra series in hydrogen atom by using Bohr concept with
suitable diagram. (3m)
12. Define the following
a) Ionisation energy (1m)
b) Ionisation potential (1m)
c) excitation energy (1m)
d) excitation potential (1m)
13. Listout drawbacks of Bohr atom model ( 3m)

Chapter 13Nuclei
1. Explain in detail about composition of nuclei of an atom. (3m)
2. Define the following and give example. (3m)
a) isotope b) isobar c) isotone
3. Prove that nuclear density is independent of mass number and hence calculate the value of
nuclear density (2m)
4. Write a note on Einstein mass - energy equivalent equation. (2m)
5. What is mass defect in nuclei? Arrive expression for mass defect and hence obtain equation
for binding energy per nucleon. (3m)
6. Draw the binding energy per nucleon curve and explain the significant properties of curve.
(3m)
7. Difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. (2m)
8. Explain various features of nuclear force in detail (3m)
9. Define 1 a.m.u. and calculate its energy value in terms of eV. (2m)
10. Calculate the energy released per nuclear fission of uranium atom. (2m)
11. a) Difference between controlled and uncontrolled chain reaction (2m)
b) Define multiplication factor (K) of nuclear fission reaction. The value K=1, K>1&K<1. ( 2m)

4
12. Write any one nuclear fission reaction (1m)
13. Write the following nuclear fusion reaction
a) p-p cycle (3m)
b) C -N cycle (3m)

Chapter 14 Semiconductor

1. Define semiconductor. (1m)


2. List out the defining properties of semiconductor ( intrinsic semiconductor). 3m
3. Explain with suitable diagram how pure semiconductor exhibit negative temperature
coefficient of resistance. (3m)
4. Define doping. List out the methods of doping. (2m)
5. Explain in detail how doping of pentavalent element increases the electron concentration in
semiconductor. Draw suitable energy band diagram. (3m)
6. Explain in detail about p-type semiconductor with suitable energy band diagram. (3m)
7. Explain depletion layer is formed in p-n diode. Draw suitable diagram to support your answer.
(3m)
8. What will happen when p-n diode is (a) forward biased (b) reverse biased. Explain in detail
with diagram. (3m)
9. Draw V-I characteristics of p-n diode forward and reverse bias. Explain with circuit diagram.
(3m)
10. p-n diode act as a half wave rectifier. Explain (3m)
11. Explain the action of p-n diode as full wave rectifier. (3m)
12. Classify the material based on energy band diagram. Draw the suitable energy band
diagram. ( 3m)

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