Lec.

1
Prepared by:
Eng. Michael Adel
Course Outline
Lec.01
1.Introduction to Firefighting.

2.Codes & Standards for Firefighting design& installation.

3.Types of Building Occupancies.

Course Outline
Lec.02
1.Occupancy Hazards Classifications.

2. Main Components of Firefighting Water Network. (Pipes, Valves & other

required Accessories and Testing of Firefighting Water Pipes).

3. Manual Firefighting Systems (Landing Valve(L.V)-Fire Hose Cabinet(F.H.C)).

Course Outline
Lec.03
1. Manual Firefighting Systems (Fire Hydrants –Portable Extinguishers, Fire
Department Connection(F.D.C)).

2. Standpipe system Classification.

3. Sprinkler Floor Control Valve(Zone Control Unit).

4. Manual hydraulic Calculation For A Stand-Pipe System.

Course Outline
Lec.04
1. Hydraulic Calculation using FIRE ELITE SOFTWARE.
Course Outline
Lec.05
1.Fire Water Sprinkler Classification.

2.Water Sprinkler Distribution & Pipe Sizing.

3.Sprinkler Piping and Sizing

Course Outline
Lec.06
1.Sprinkler Pipe Supplying System.

2.Introduction to Hydraulic Calculation.

3. PRACTICAL ON FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DESIGN

Course Outline
Lec.07
1. CODES& STANDARDS FOR FIREFIGHTING PUMPS.

2. CHARACTERISTICS, TYPES AND SEQUENCE OF OPERATION FOR

FIREFIGHITNG PUMPS.

3. FIRE PUMP ROOM.

4. FIRE WATER TANK CALCULATION.

Course Outline
Lec.08
1. PRACTICAL ON FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DESIGN Using Elite Software.
Course Outline
Lec.09
1. Automatic Gas Suppression System (Co2 –FM-200 - Novec).
Fire Triangle parameters :
WHAT’S THE FIRE?
-A process in which substance combines chemically with oxygen from the air and
typically give out bright light, heat, and smoke; combustion or burning.
-Fires start when a flammable MATERIAL(Fuel), in combination with a sufficient
quantity of an oxidizer(AIR), is exposed to a source of HEAT.

1. Air( Oxygen ) Without sufficient oxygen (Not Less than16%),

a fire cannot begin.

2. Fuel ( flammable Material ) Without fuel, a fire will stop.

3. Heat (sufficient heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature)

Fire extinguishment methods
COST OF WATER SPRINKLER TO EXTINGUISH
SYSTEM IS LESS THAN CO2, IS FIRE
LESS THAN FM-200.

Cut fuel supply or

Suffocating(Take Away) remove
Cooling down fire
oxygen combustible
material

Water based system

Gas systems Foam system (Manual (Hose) –
Automatic(Sprinkler))
➢Why we use water as extinguishing agent:
1.cheap & available.
2.Large specific heat (Cp = 4.2 kJ/kg.K)
3.Large latent heat of vaporization (2257 KJ/kg)

specific heat (Cp ) Latent heat of

vaporization
The amount of thermal The amount of thermal
energy required to raise energy required to
unit mass of a change unit mass of a
substance by one substance from phase
degree, and its units are to another, and its units
kJ/kg·K are kJ/kg
Scope of engineers in fire
fighting systems design FIRE PROTECTION
types

Passive fire Active fire

Education
protection protection

Plans For Drawings

Fire fighting &
Life Safety Report Fire detection & Civil
extinguishing
alarm systems defense
Evacuation Strategy systems

Architecture Electrical Mechanical

Engineer Engineer Engineer
 Codes and Standards:

• NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION(NFPA).

• Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL).
• Factory Mutual (FM).
‫ر‬
‫وإشتاطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشأت من الحريق‬ ‫الكود المرصي ألسس التصميم‬
‫الكود السعودي للحريق ر‬
‫اشتاطات مكافحة الحريق‬
Some definitions used in fire codes :
Item Definition
UL Under writers laboratories.
FM Factory Mutual research.
Shall Indicates a mandatory requirement .
‫الزام‬
Should Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not
required.
‫يوص باالستخدام اوالتطبيق‬
Approved Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

Authority Having An organization , office, or individual responsible for enforcing the

Jurisdiction (AHJ). requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment,
materials, an installation, or a procedure.
)‫الموافقه تتم من قبل الهيئة الخاصة(الدفاع المدن‬
Definitions used in fire codes
American approvals

Factory Mutual research Under writers laboratories

UL and FM Approvals

Gate Valve Sprinkler

FIRE FIGHTING CODES :
1. AMERICAN CODES :
CODE NO TITLE
NFPA 1 Uniform Fire Code ‫مقدمة عن األنظمة‬
NFPA 10 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers ‫طفايات الحريق‬
NFPA 11 Standard for Low-Medium-and High-Expansion Foam ‫اإلطفاء بالفوم‬
NFPA 12 Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems ‫أكسيد الكربون‬
NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems ‫نظام الرشاشات‬
NFPA 14 Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems ‫الكبائن‬
NFPA 15 Standard for water spray fixed system for fire protection ‫رذاذ الماء‬
NFPA 16 Standard Installation of foam-water sprinkler and foam-Water spray system ‫رشاشات الفوم‬
NFPA 20 Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection
 FIRE FIGHTING CODES
CODE NO TITLE
NFPA 24 Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their
Appurtenances ‫أنظمة خاصه مثل الخزانات‬
NFPA 25 Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire
Protection Systems ‫الصيانة و االختبارات‬
NFPA 101 Life Safety Code ‫تصنيف المبان‬
NFPA 220 Standard on Types of Building Construction Fire hydrant

NFPA 409 Standard on aircraft hangar

NFPA 418 Standard for helipad
NFPA 750 Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems ‫الضباب‬
NFPA 2001 Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems ‫الغازات النظيفه‬
2. SAUDI CODE
3. EGYPTIAN CODE
 FIRE CATEGORIES

Building Type
Hazard Classification

Defines the type of fire fighting Hazard, distribution, spacing and

system needed sizing for the Fire Fighting system

NFPA 5000,NFPA 101 & NFPA 13,NFPA 14, NFPA 20 &

Egyptian Code & KSA Egyptian Code & KSA
Travel Distance
‫مسافة االرتحال‬
‫‪Dead End‬‬
‫النهايات الميته‪:‬‬
NFPA13 – Chapter 5
Classification of Occupancies and Commodities
Hazard Classification

Light Ordinary Extra

Group I Group II Group I Group II

Light Hazard
• Education
• Churches
• Clubs
• Hospitals
• Theatre
• Offices
• Institutional
• Residential
• Museums
• Restaurants
Ordinary Hazard - Group I
• Beverage Manufacturing Canneries
• Glass And Glass Products Manufacturing
• Dairy Products Manufacturing
• Electronic Plants
• Laundries
• Basement Floors
• Bakeries
• Dairy Products Manufacturing
• Restaurant Service Areas
Ordinary Hazard - Group II
• Chemical plants
• Repair garages
• Metal working
• Horse stables
• Leather goods manufacturing Libraries
• Machine shops
• Paper process plants
• Printing and Publishing
• Post offices
Extra Hazard - Group I
• Aircraft hangars
• particle board manufacturing
• Metal extruding
• Die casting
• Printing [using inks having flash points below 38°C]
• Combustible hydraulic fluid
Extra Hazard - Group II
• Flammable liquids spraying
• Asphalt saturating
• Plastics processing
• Open oil quenching