2 HYDROSTANC ACTING ON SURFACES Consider junit longi Gr: i EL heizortal_compment_4) the hydivs tahe _preseure_ ul equal fy thy tial preseure ™ fhe prjecdom 4 thal surface om vertical plane which « normal fo the chosen axis. Ry = vertical component’ 3 the hydrostahe pressure equal + the weight 4 that volume 6} weer ar liguid ox tending vertically From Hy surface free_surface § liguid- zl p= 1 (base )Cheight) | | ae 5 Cwh) Ch) (im strip) Fh, wh Cm) 24 1] Ve Peddler For 4 the tuinter gate sham By ratio amd _praprehen ix which io Ym long , compute Area 4 te Grcle___ Arta 9 ie Sechrr ~ the tial force 4, weater pressure 2607 - against the gale 2 A, - Tr. Ze abe o Figure | TGs, 4S — AS= 10y.42 m Avag d ECA = 4 bh Abeca + + (ec)Ch) x Shuution Pers a 2s 1. Sowing Fr Px t ECE TFS 5 _ | Perpee Rawea = 4 C1300) ly=h = 26.G0 mm” Hena:7rea 4 the Shaded Fork — Sin 20°= Yo yetom ALE paris ineiea 26 — Area a ecA Bet CbaseyCheig ht)C length) | 2 B= whChy Cam) Figo" WOWGE IVAEC, GM me 7 1, Pys wal pz 1962 kN Py = © CArea)(Venath) f Pa = 4.8 69 Cre2 nt (em) _ 2, Sowing Gr Py - zl | Py = 411.03 EN Save fiat Hie area of He re Poe Py? Shaded para cs. 2 _(1aG2 2s + Gh a) 20 86, 87 ee| 72 ‘vb torn \SAuing Gr Py The cred gale shum omac iQ By = t bh Clemth) 4 _wylinarical girfaw 4 which AB io the base, eumporled ky |__Px= 4 (wh)(n) Ce) : a huchured frame hinged aC, The length q tw gate perpendicular to the paper 410m, Compute the amount aml _Iscation _g Ste Pee 3 Gai x ETC) Pa? 2672.53 EN horizentel and _yerhiced reo" 2. Sing fr Fy Components {8tel_preseure | Py Wyy (meng ie Shaded Prfon Monit om AB. = Tapm | B= Mog Anan JL —— a8 whore! r=lom Apsp = Ann Asecter fn oe | Ane [ome 10 | BaGom - As Since tr? = As 360 @o* roo . AS ae Ac = 92.36 en ([y2sqm") fom t JU. Sin @° = ise T= 0866 C0) Py > 1205.08 EN 1 ‘ h= 8:@6m_| Os ops * * x= 5M 10 lo-% = o-S =5™ Yyrcroryia 2) Fage qe __STRESS on_THIN - WALL Ep therefore: PRESSURE VESSELS pox = 2 |81 Gt) THIN- WALED CULINPRICAt Po = 25 @) TANK A tank _o- pipe canying a fluid or gas yndur a preseure is subjeed th densle fires, Bich cesist burcting _ developed acrass fongitudina’ amd transverse sechons| Tangential Sires) St = Po € Longitudinal) Stress > Faterned Preweure - External prescuce ~ Sst Fy ar Pe (Fel pt } Ae p Lcd Z A Tangerhal Stress +f [ere =al r — F-T=o6 E | surhere . ral Fs-pa 7 ; Fe -p (mh) and Projecto of Hy curve area Applying Equilibrium Condition | Therekone [oF =o] F-2T=0 “S: -FAor | Were | CW F = pA= pbs | Gra T= Sp Csd VWvicrory SL = FoUSPHERICAL SHELL —Tfa_sphericat unk of ctiamelor De and Wrickness 4 contains GU _under_o _presgure_« the Heal can y - . Wall Shess ¢ DQ = PD > or SPACING oF Hoops OF A woop STAVE pipe Spacing Sea eA | PD | “Urhere | Allowable tensile s | Sis press tre hoo Ah = Cres Sectnal Areg | te hoo ——f{te top ——_P.z_internal presse in the pipe, D = Pramelor oH pipe WricrDAMS DAE: 14 OF Dams are built for the purpose of impouncling water. Dams subjected to wafer pressure on the upstream side are araysed by considering oy one (fS0%) ship of He clam . Al Neglecting __Hydrostahe Uplift aa | im, K pes c—7 WIS. < a. 1 i wh Ee | = 1 * a | || ht, | Ped Verhcal Pripchen © ae tk fe wha ®© _ Factor of Safely Again’T h = hfe Overfurning A= hii) oP wc) @)O) ss OP: whe © fader 4 Salehy Again 7 Slicing @ _ Righting Moment — Fis = 4R Ram, = Wp x) + Wa X2 P Ss Ry = Wi twe © OQ yerherning Moment - om. = Phys) © %&@) = RM.-O0.m.Bl Considering Hydrestaho Uplift Becanse 4 the pece@ire presence af the etter om the “upstream Lace which iw calsed inti a coro height, Hure is a_tendency fir Hhe water fo seep _under the dam amd _escape_ak the Jower level o the clamsteam Gale gine thes cepage p_under preseure , it oxerts a hydrostwho _uph{t on the dam whith reduc tHe Stability of the dam against Sliding amd recuicto cilso the stability against pyerfurning . [Rat | - ¥ > 7 | ae oa Nie h | — _ aa ” jas Ell v ’ \ pe tet ee o (it eG) ©_Ry = Wi +We - U © Us Z@n@) @ Bm. = Wx, + Wr % @ om = PUZ) FUfA@| ©_RG&) =RMm.-om,© z iog_Dar__usteut restahe: k [oate: —neglehing the effect of = cui ox | water _on the cAewnstream Side, a = | 4 —— Wi Ea T T t -~ a lh h Mh % 72 ly _ | ae Awe bt td | taal wn Dy | Z-e ; - E* <= — Ary 1d o— : 4 = 449 5 Ry D= height &| Dam © Pp: wha @ ky =i ewe we “@ h = Yt 0 @ Rm. > WX + WV2 Xe +W3 XZ @ A = DG) onemeter chip @ om = pl 2-e] ® co # ee @® Ry x =Rm, ~O.M Own). os" ae ©__§s 2 Ah_p] OVERFLOWING Dam CONSIDERING Ls HYDROSTATIC UPLIFT | | * —~- = = = Jean a2 _ ¥ | ' x MEK h T %Bx q Se +e Ts in! a —7 Im fF — Ata t é ea 4-4 Ry | OEraara @®_ ta OC) T @® u-4 wns) . @ ss = Ah SS = @Qnh @ &= wrwrtWe -U © Rim = Wx, + Wer%2 + W3Xa © om = P@-e)+ 4 GB) © Ri= RM. -O.M-F . (wo: 42] . Dams_uwith water on bath upsteam anol | downstream side 4 ] sy N 7 pas | TF | vy] hwo hy MA ao vl | ze t [SF why © Wh, wih | & whe} uy Ry @_R= wh, G P= wh Ynya) ©) Ry = Wit We +3 ~ U,- U2 ne (©) R&@) =RMm.-OM. @ P= why @) Rim = x1 Wa Xe +WsGrg) + B (h2h) @_U, SG) [0] nate OOM. =F Cs) +a Bye yo setae @® +U2 (BZ) OD Ua = wh lim) Ug = Wh, (e) OFS. Gliding ) = 4. ee VICTORY‘ No: 43) y RESSURE DISTRIBUTION AT THE BASE fee 2 Resultant_at $re _Midd! ele of the Bae = com —_ + a BP On) TT FR’ f a \ Pema _ 2 | Ble J Average Prescure ee G@ Resutaor at the Middle Thirds nearer to He fe, R= (P40) (Bim) SN 2 +. = Re wr R= PB (twice Pom f ~ Ba ‘ Pax Hie average pressure } if ue 82 J 8) ‘e © Resultant Outside He Middle - Thirds. Be 8 FET ea Ge, TE TTS 1 Lol aye 4 = Prnnx = ZRy Ry Bx 3x afo @_ Resultant witha the Middle Thicds ip | _ Bi KP # OMe im A ; C+ Bh Pay = RP GER re ey ° 5 me Bron = FE Ore) B Pan = Ko CIC BO) o/2 where + Pin? KE - GER ae B? min = E (i= oeSTATCAL STABILIY OF FLOATING Boples lOME Cc lume ¥ a mrmesoy / 7 | anual BF> Botyant Force, G = enkr 4 grwity of fhe 7 T I fiwating body MG = metacntric height A_= depth of Staarrtion B = with Q the fate | boedy —T I B= Center 9 bowanay uken k 8 = He Poating beeky 2 1 : i upright positionAn 2 unit weight of water DATE: Br (mB )(ano) = 5 @)EE) Viume § WeAge ABC = Volume Pas + of uredge CDE ¢ » uy 3 Since ¢ te Py Tan = 2 y= ) lane) yl Thurelyire + cae EE : ry ; ¥ oF(mB) ime = 4 (/8)/2 B Time paelge = 2 CCR) CHIE tar] = + (C2) (F) E , BF ONBo) Gn f= zB (FY) ane where F io the longih 4 Tz the wedge wore | Br = Vw whore Va He Moment of fhe shifted Wedge = @) viume Q Sena Submerged Vaume eo Wedge fimes 2 B velav fee psevler gurface y wage [OOF » Moment? due p Bavyant Fone Therepire | ? = (BF) CBB!) laBe o) mBon 6 > Cadime Te t Cine = BoB” | Sine ABFoV ie \v MB Gre = BO Tanor T= SLURS ee) Fer small angie! Sm & = land Hens Cappaxi nately ) Moment 6) He Pragyant Force = . : monen_of He shiffed Welqe _| Mra. BF 7 Br CBee) = 5 C)(PACA) OD! = _ C408)B 4, Fo. I moment 4 rorka }2 3 '\/ MB = BF ; za free fis "V. whee | I= Menent of torka along the axis 3 jndinatk ao Vo = Volume G Sem submerged/, froblem A sow hasag a | ism | he» wide and 6m deep hao a So rat there will be ne overhurmng Maplacmend e164 rnehnic ene, Tt the atm mp, 2 8 [i+ tam 6 | pL 2 J ee) fo + Ton’ Go") | 12 G.am L 2 = 2 mp, = 3.84 [1+ a2) / | MB = 4-01 7 —. - h=Gm height of scow |<. = m+ D B=3m width 4 Som = . Lz ism length of scr hr Hor + 137 2 e= wither owrerhirning | Dispaunent = \oY netic hms | a: 4.645 m -Froble tf the cenker q gravity a a) Ts She moment righting ship in the upright posihom upseHing and why ? Sip m above the center b) what vp the value 9 Wo oh grasty ol the pork monunt in Kg-m? under umier, the cloplawmonl being 1000_metyic tons and +o chip a tipped — causing the centr fat banana 4 shitt aoe a > em Sidewise gm. ein Tene Ma, Hale Sin_30° 2 G x= 3m a) Righting Mament because the mekanler io aboe He center af grunty, b) Mement in ki logram-mfioblern Anaied seo hoo drat 9 2 “The, Se On ta en wide and 12m m9 and 2.4m high The center, Hw Sew 4 __)-8 m above the in h water then erect —_| YOu looBem ale the vertical axis Gt eymmehy » what io te Mon mum single weight that can be moved transversely frm He conler ey Hy scow @_ ord _unisadeq ower te Sick uothout sinking the scow ? Seas 3m 2= b.td)? 46) ae Pum Souuon 2 = 306m an ® ; | = | | Tone = GOP 5 2 Ld ug 1 —— | ee eau | “040% font idm M&= B a + Tan's | ® | 1 [een | zo L 2 J 1 : | | ~@ fe Tan "C13 *) kB gn n@® | > t 1 | } | | Mg, = 130m (me +65, = mm) Ma +0. 40m 21700 MG= 0.80m Leng +h = 12 m - 0.86 3°= @hr tn e m) Gegow) (12 BF 1 Han) (008 m) ar = 124,G00 bg 4 f 7 /2Mp eG =o) i W (2)- Ban peeapyee Py? + Py? 2 R= (3678.63) * + ()235.08) R= 13531 582.96 + 1525 422.6) R=. 3980, 34 [EN Ry rato and propre Fy a xi 1235.08 = 3G78,532 L166 x 3 X= _307e 33 ea } 4245.08