Notre Dame University

COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

Cotabato City

DRUG STUDY No. 1

DRUG ORDER MECHANISM OF INDICATION ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY

(4) ACTION (4) (3)/ (1) (7)
CONTRAINDICATION (1)
Generic Name: Pharmacodynamics Why is it given? Before Administration(2)
Cephalexin (also called
Cephalexin Cefalexin) is a first  Cephalexin is  Urticaria, pruritus, rash, fever, and
__________________ generation cephalosporin  Check the right patient, drug, dosage, route,
indicated for the chills reactions resembling serum
Brand Name: antibiotic.7,8 It is one of time, documentation, assessment,
treatment of sickness, eosin-ophilia, joint pain
the most widely evaluation and client’s education.
certain infections or inflammation, edema,
Keflex prescribed antibiotics, caused by erythema, genital and anal  Confirm the patient’s identity and ensure
__________________ often used for the susceptible pruritus, angioedema, shock, that he/she is not allergic to this drug.
Pharmacologic treatment of superficial bacteria. These hypotension Check expiration date.
Classification: infections that result as infections include
complications of minor respiratory tract During Administration (3):
Cephalosporin wounds or infections, otitis  Inform the patient/client
Antibiotics lacerations.Label It is media, skin and  Explain drug information and the possible
__________________ effective against most skin structure
Therapeutic gram-positive bacteria effects.
infections, bone
Classification: through its inihibition of infections, and  Get a glass of water, instruct to swallow
the cross linking reaction genitourinary tract whole except for chewable tablets,
Anti-infective Agents between N-acetyl infections
_________________ muramicacid and N- After Administration (2):
acetylglucosamine in the When is it not given?  Check and monitor’s patient’s reaction to
cell wall, leading to cell  Cephalexin does not the drug.
lysis.9 treat viral infection  Instruct client and watcher to report unusual
(e.g., common cold). symptoms.
Prescribing in the
Pharmacokinetics absence of a proven or
Absorption strongly suspected
Well absorbed from the bacterial infection or a
upper gastrointestinal prophylactic indication
tract with nearly 100% is unlikely to provide
oral benefit to the patient
bioavailability.3,4 Cephal and increases the risk
exin is not absorbed in of the development of
the stomach but is drug-resistant bacteria
absorbed in the upper (antimicrobial
intestine.5Patients taking resistance). Patients
250mg of cephalexin should be told to
reach a maximum plasma complete the full
concentration of course of treatment,
7.7mcg/mL and patients even if they feel better
taking 500mg reach earlier.
12.3mcg/mL.1  Cephalexin is
Volume of distribution contraindicated for use
5.2-5.8L.6 in patients with
Protein binding cephalosporin
Cephalexin is 10-15% hypersensitivity.
bound to serum Cephalosporins cause
proteinsLabel,13 including hypersensitivity
serum albumin.10 reactions in <= 5% of
Metabolism patients receiving
Cephalexin is not them.
metabolized in the  Cephalexin should be
body.2,Label,13,14 used with caution in
Route of elimination patients with renal
Cephalexin is over 90% impairment or renal
excreted in the urine failure since the drug is
after 6 hours1 by eliminated via renal
glomerular filtration and mechanisms. The
tubular degree of renal
secretionLabel,13,14 with a impairment and the
mean urinary recovery of severity of the
99.3%.3 Cephalexin is infection will
unchanged in the determine if renal dose
urine.1,2,3 adjustments or dosage
Half-life interval adjustments
The half life of are required. Dosages
cephalexin is 49.5 may need to be
minutes in a fasted state reduced in these
and 76.5 minutes with patients.
food though these times Usual Dose:
were not significantly capsule
different in the study.3  250mg
Clearance
Clearance from one  500mg
subject was 376mL/min.3  750mg
oral suspension
 125mg/5mL
 250mg/5mL
tablet
 250mg
 500mg

Genitourinary Tract
 Infections
250 mg PO q6hr; dosage
range, 1-4 g/day in divided
doses

Bone Infections
250 mg PO q6hr; dosage
range, 1-4 g/day in divided
doses

Uncomplicated Cystitis
250 mg PO q6hr or 500 mg
PO q12hr; dosage range, 1-4
g/day in divided doses

Otitis Media
250 mg PO q6hr; dosage
range, 1-4 g/day in divided
doses

Skin/Skin Structure
Infections
250 mg PO q6hr or 500 mg
PO q12hr; dosage range, 1-4
g/day in divided doses

Respiratory Tract Infections

250 mg PO q6hr; dosage
range, 1-4 g/day in divided
doses

Streptococcal Pharyngitis
250 mg PO q6hr or 500 mg
PO q12hr; dosage range, 1-4
g/day in divided doses

Cellulitis and Mastitis

500 mg PO q6hr; dosage
range, 1-4 g/day in divided
doses

(Pharmacology / L2 form/ 2018)

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