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A Glimpse Into Multiphysic-Analyses-CST

This document describes a multiphysics analysis workflow using CST Studio Suite. It allows for accounting of thermal heating effects, mechanical deformation, and their impact on electrical performance without requiring separate simulations. The workflow involves performing an electromagnetic simulation to obtain losses, a thermal simulation using the losses as a heat source, a mechanical simulation of stresses and deformations using the temperature results, and a sensitivity analysis to determine electrical parameter variations due to mechanical changes without additional simulations. This integrated approach streamlines multiphysics modeling and analysis.

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vanhng87
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views

A Glimpse Into Multiphysic-Analyses-CST

This document describes a multiphysics analysis workflow using CST Studio Suite. It allows for accounting of thermal heating effects, mechanical deformation, and their impact on electrical performance without requiring separate simulations. The workflow involves performing an electromagnetic simulation to obtain losses, a thermal simulation using the losses as a heat source, a mechanical simulation of stresses and deformations using the temperature results, and a sensitivity analysis to determine electrical parameter variations due to mechanical changes without additional simulations. This integrated approach streamlines multiphysics modeling and analysis.

Uploaded by

vanhng87
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Glimpse into Multiphysic-Analyses

using
CST STUDIO SUITE™
Accounting for thermal heating effects and mechanical
deformation in the electrical design

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 1


The Motivation …

EM-field computation Stress analysis /


deformation

Thermal
analysis

EM-properties of deformed geometry


can be fed into sensitivity analysis
www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 2
CST MPHYSICS STUDIOTM

 Thermal Simulation
 Mechanical Stress Simulation

Courtesy of Spinner GmbH, Germany

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 3


Online Demo

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 4


Example : 2-Post Bandpass Filter

Rel Bandwidth:0.9 %

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1) EM (FD tet)

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1D Results > |S| dB
Tchebychev Filter Corresponding coupling coefficients in MHz / (rel):
=================== -------------------------------------------
k_E = 11,14 (0,0195413)
Order =2 k1_2 = 11,69 (0,0205021)
Bandwidth = 5 MHz k_out = 11,14 (0,0195413)
Center Frequency = 570 MHz
Passband ripple = 0,01 dB (1,100747 VSWR) Group Delay Time
Return loss = -26,3828 dB ----------------
t_d1 = 57,153 ns
Normed g values: t_d2 = 51,922 ns
------------------------------------------- t_d3 = 0, ns
g1 = 0,4489
g2 = 0,4078
g3 = 1,1008

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 7


Power Loss Dens. > loss (f=0.575)

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Power Loss Dens. > loss (f=0.575)

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Current Density (f=0.575)

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Export the Thermal losses

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2) Thermal Solver
Import the losses from EM FD

5000

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Thermal boundaries
Thermal boundaries Thermal volume losses as source

Temperature Heat flow

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3) Mechanical Solver
M x B x K x F

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http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/young-modulus-d_417.html

σ=ε.E
1 GPa = 1kN/mm2

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www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 16
Displacements > displacement1
Define a displacement eg at a face (xyz) directly at the WG-Port

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 17


Import a field source (from therm),

and activate it

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2D/3D Results > Displacement
Temperature change as source Mech. Displacements

Von Mises Stress Deformed Mesh

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 19


4) Sensitivity ( Introduction)

Matrix to solve: K E Q

[K]: symmetric, complex, contains geometry, material, frequency


zi Example: Linear Shape functions for a 2D element in xy
ai aj ak
1
N 1, x, y . bi bj bk ; aijk x j yk y j xk ; bijk yj yk ; cijk xk xj
2
ci cj ck

x k, y k zi Example: electrostatic
z [ Ni , N j , N k ] z j Nm Nn Nm Nn
xi , yi k m,n ( x y )dxdy; m, n i, j , k
zk x x x x
xj, yj xy

[E]: unkowns z
[Q]: Sources
www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 20
Introduction to Sensitivity

S-Parameters: 3D Fieldsolution

1
S ( , p) E T ( , p) K T ( , p) E ( , p)
j 0

[K] …left hand side, E (Fields at ports, p… any parameter

Sensitivity of S-parameter vs. parameter change:

S T K Direct analytical derivation of


j 0 E E
p p K-matrix elements via e.g. [N]

Same 3D Fieldsolution
www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 21
Introduction to Sensitivity

Numerical calculation of gradients is expensive and unstable


Here: Sensitivity of S-parameter vs. parameter change

S K
j 0 ET E
p p

no additional 3D solution required (only another S-Parameter computation)


Very efficient computation of sensitivities
Result: S-parameter ranges for tolerant parameters
Currently available for FD-Tet solver

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 22


Introduction to Sensitivity
What is it good for?
The sensitivity helps estimate „new“ S-parameters due to the (small) change
of the parameter, at no extra cost
Suppose the parameter p changes by a quantity ∆p :

S
S(x p) S ( x) . p
p p

exact computation of the Sensitivity


(Approximated by 1st order Taylor expansion)
The various sensitivities are used in an optimizer to solve for ∆p as variables to
best fit the S-parameter goals.
S ∆p … face constraints
S nm S nm ( 3 D MWS ) . p
p p
www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 23
What is the Yield Analysis

For every product, there are: Gaussian


Technical specifications
Fabrication tolerances

Uniform
The fabrication tolerances will lead to some
products not fulfilling the specifications
# Passed
Yield: yield
# Total

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 24


Typical Approach vs. CST Approach

How is yield calculated typically?


Parameters vary according to a known probability curve
Repeat
Change the value of all parameters
Simulate
Check if specification (in our case for S-params.) is met
Until the number of simulations is statistically relevant
This is a large number of EM simulations - typicaly hundreds or thousands!!!

Knowing the sensitivity, there is no need to perform 3D simulations, at least if


the parameters vary in a small range.
The efficiency of this new sensitivity analysis approach makes Monte-Carlo
based yield analysis feasible even for complex multi-parametrical three-
dimensional structures

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 25


4) Sensitivity (based on mech. Displacements)

Import the displacements

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4) Sensitivity
Setup Sensitivity Analysis

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4) Sensitivity
Display S-parameter Sensitivity

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 28


Summary

Integrated workflow with


CST MPHYSICS STUDIO™
Thermal

Ease-of-use: New solvers within


well known frontend

Accuracy of integrated solution and Structural


EM
solver technology Mechanics

Wide application range due to tight


integration within CST STUDIO SUITE™
www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 29
Thank you for your attention!

www.cst.com | CST EuMW 2010 Presentations| September 2010 | 30

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