ALGEBRA

WORKSHEET SOLUTIONS

Put x = 3 in the Left hand side of the equation 36 + 4x

FORMATIVE WORKSHEET = 48:
Left hand side = 36 + 4×x = 36 + 4 × 3 =36 + 12 = 48
KEY = Right hand side
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Thus, the required value of variable x in the given
equation is 3.
B C B B D B C D
7. The value of variable b can be found through guess
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 and check method. It can be done as:
Put b = 10 in the Left hand side of the equation2b –
A C A B D D A A
11 = 15:
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Left hand side
B A C A B C C * = 2b – 11 = 2 × b – 11 = 2×10 – 11 = 20 – 11 = 9. 9 is
less than the value on Right hand side = 15.
25 26 Now, put b = 15 in the Left hand side of the equation
*SUBJECTIVE
* * 2b – 11 = 15:
Left hand side = 2b – 11 = 2 × b – 11 = 2×15 – 11 =
HINTS / SOLUTIONS TO THE SELECTED 30 – 11 = 19.
19 is greater than the value on Right hand side =15.
PROBLEMS
Put b = 13 in the Left hand side of the equation 2b –
x 11 = 15:
1. Half of a number x implies
2 Left hand side = 2b – 11 = 2 × b – 11 = 2×13 – 11 =
26 – 11 = 15
x = Right hand side
Thus, five less than half of a number x implies 5.
2 Thus, the required value of variable b in the given
2. Nine times a number x implies 9 × x, i.e., 9x. equation is 13.
Thus, four more than nine times of a number x = 9x + 8. In the equation p = 2l + 2w, the values
4 of l and w may vary for rectangles of different sizes
3. Points scored by Jeff = n and will cause the value of p to change. Thus, p, l,
Since, Bill scored 7 points less than Jeff, points scored andw are variables. However, the value of 2 does not
by him = n – 7 change, and is thus, a constant.
4. The algebraic expression for the given verbal 9. Rectangles of different sizes may have different
statement is 3x + 10 lengths and widths. Thus, the values of l and w may
5. Number of chocolates eaten by Steve = C change and are thus, variables. These values
Thrice the number of chocolates eaten by Steve of l and w will also cause the perimeter, P of the
implies 3 × C, i.e., 3C. rectangle to change. Thus, P is also a variable.
Five chocolates less than thrice the number of However, the value 2 in the formula will not change for
chocolates eaten by Steve imply 3C –5. any rectangle. It is thus, a constant. Thus, the variables
Thus, number of chocolates eaten by Phil = 3C–5 in the given formula are P, l, andw.
6. The value of variable x can be found through guess 10. 15 divided by x results in the expression 15/x
and check method. It can be done as: 11. x less than the number 10 is subtracting x from 10 ,i.e.,
Put x = 1 in the Left hand side of the equation 36 + 4x 10 – x
= 48: 12. Money with Jane = Rs.x
Left hand side = 36 + 4×x = 36 + 4 × 1 =36+4 = 40. Money with Colin = Rs.15 = Rs.x + Rs.2
40 is less than the value on Right hand side = 48.  x + 2 = 15
Now, put x = 4 in the Left hand side of the equation 36 13. The verbal expression “two times a number y” is
+ 4x = 48: equivalent to the mathematical expression (y × 2).
Left hand side = 36+4×x = 36 + 4 × 4 =36+16 = 52 is 14. Number of marbles with John = n
greater than the value on Right hand side Number of marbles lost in the game = 5
 Number of marbles left with John = n – 5
Algebra 40

15. The expression 3 + x implies three more than a

number x. CONCEPTIVE WORKSHEET
Since the expression 3 + x equals 18, it can be written
in words as “three more than a number x equals KEY
eighteen”. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16. The expression x  7 implies that a number x is
B C B B C C D A
divided by 7.
The equation x  7  4 implies that a number x, when 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
divided by seven equals four. B A A A C A A A
17. Cost of table = Rs.x
Cost of chair = Rs.(2x – 3) 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Therefore, the cost of the chair is Rs.3 less than twice A B B B B A * *
the cost of the table.
18. Thrice the number ‘n’ = 3n
25 26 27
Twenty-five less than thrice the number ‘n’ = 3n – 25 * * *
Hence, the given statement can be represented by the
equation 3n – 25 = 6. HINTS / SOLUTIONS TO THE SELECTED
19. The number of candies = x PROBLEMS
Twice the number of candies = 2x 1. Number of alligators = y
Two more than twice the number of candies = 2x +2 Thus, thrice the number of alligators = 3 × y = 3y
 The number of chocolates = 2x + 2 Thus, three more than thrice the number of alligators
20. The marks scored by Randy in mathematics = x = 3y + 3
2 Thus, number of monkeys in the zoo = 3y + 3
Two-thirds of these marks = x 2. Ben’s age = x years
3
Thrice of Ben’s age = 3 × x years = 3x years
2 Thus, five years less than thrice of Ben’s age = (3x –
3 more than two thirds of the marks = x  3
3 5) years
Thus, Tom’s age = (3x – 5) years
2 3. Amount with Sam = Rs.x
 The marks scored in biology = x  3
3 Amount with Raymond = Rs.(x + 10)
21. Number of tables = x Clearly, Raymond has Rs.10 more than Sam.
Thrice the number of tables = 3x 4. Number of shirts with John = s
4 more than thrice the number of tables = 3x + 4
1 s
 Number of chairs in the auditorium = 3x + 4 Half the number of shirts with John   s 
22. The pocket money of John’s sister = x 2 2
Thus, four more than half the number of shirts with
x
Half the pocket money = s
2 John   4
2
x
2 more than half the pocket money =  2 s
2 Thus, number of shirts with Andy   4
2
x 5. The value of variable y can be found through guess
 John’s pocket money =  2
2 and check method. It can be done as:
23. The number of hours taken by the car = x Put y = 10 in the Left hand side of the equation 6y –
Twice the number of hours = 2x 36 = 12:
 The number of hours taken by the bike = 2x Left hand side = 6 × y – 36 = 6 × 10 – 36 = 60 – 36
24. xy + 2yz + 9 has three terms; i.e., xy, 2yz and 9. = 24.
25. 7m + 5m – 3(–3m) 24 is greater than the value on Right hand side= 12.
= 7m + 5m + 9m [since –(–3m) = 3m] Now, put y = 7 in the Left hand side of the equation:
= (7 + 5 + 9)m Left hand side = 6 × y – 36 = 6 × 7 – 36 = 42 – 36 =
= 21m 6.
26. 5a 2b2 – 4a 2b – (–10a 2 b2 ) 6 is less than the value on Right hand side
= 5a2b2 + 10a2b2 – 4a2 b
= 15a2b2 – 4a2 b
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Algebra 41

Put y = 8 in the Left hand side of the equation 6y –

5Z  6
36 = 12: 9. The expression is
Left hand side = 6 × y – 36 = 6 × 8 – 36 = 48 – 36 = 2
12 The correct verbal expression is: Five times the
= Right hand side difference of a number and six, divided by two.
Thus, the required value of variable y in the given 10. x more than the number 15 means adding x to 15
equation is 8. ,i.e., 15 + x or x + 15
6. The value of variable a can be found through guess 11. Jay is 3 years younger than Mike.
and check method. It can be done as: This means that Jay’s age is three years less than
Put a = 1 in the Left hand side of the equation 45 – 5a Mike’s age.
= 25: Mike’s age = y years
Left hand side = 45 – 5 × a = 45 – 5 × 1 = 45 – 5 = Thus, Jay’s age = (y – 3) years
40. 12. Four times a number x implies 4 × x, i.e., 4x.
40 is greater than the value on Right hand side =25. Thus, the verbal expression “three more than four
Now, put a = 5 in the Left hand side of the equation times a number x” is equivalent to the mathematical
45 – 5a = 25: expression (4x + 3).
Left hand side = 45 – 5 × a = 45 – 5 × 5 = 45 – 25 = 13. Ben divided Rs.x equally among his three children.
20. Thus, each child’s share can be given by dividing
20 is less than the value on Right hand side Rs.x by 3.
Put a = 4 in the Left hand side of the equation 45 – 5a The mathematical expression equivalent to this verbal
= 25: statement is Rs.(x  3).
Left hand side = 45 – 5 × a = 45 – 5 × 4 = 45 – 20 = Thus, each child’s share = Rs.(x  3).
25 14. Three times a number n is equivalent to the expression
= Right hand side. 3 × n = 3n
Thus, the required value of variable a in the given 15. An equation is a number sentence which states that
equation is 4. two quantities are equal.
7. The value of variable a can be found through guess 2
and check method. It can be done as: Thus, x + 2 = 5 is an equation. For this reason, x  is
3
Put a = 1 in the Left hand side of the equation 3a + 5
an expression, and not an equation.
= 32:
16. Length of room = l
Left hand side = 3 × a + 5 = 3 × 1 + 5 = 3 + 5 = 8.
8 is very less than the value on Right hand side =32. 1
Width of room  l  1
Now, put a = 5 in the Left hand side of the equation 2
3a + 5 = 32: Therefore, the width of the room is 1 m more than half
Left hand side = 3 × a + 5 = 3 × 5 + 5 = 15 + 5 = 20. of the length
20 is also less than the value on Right hand side. 17. Eight times the number ‘x’ = 8x
Put a = 10 in the Left hand side of the equation 3a + Seven less than eight times the number ‘x’=8x – 7
5 = 32 : Hence, the given statement can be represented by the
Left hand side = 3 × a + 5 = 3 × 10 + 5 = 30 + 5 = 35. equation 8x – 7 = 33
35 is greater than the value on Right hand side. 18. Twice the number a = 2a
Then, put a = 9 in the Left hand side of the equation: Sum of fourteen and twice a number‘a’=14 + 2a
Left hand side = 3 × a + 9 = 3 × 9 + 5 = 27 + 5 = 32 Double of the sum of fourteen and twice a number
= Right hand side. ‘a’ = 2(14 + 2a)
Thus, the required value of variable a in the given Hence, the given statement can be represented by the
equation is 9. equation 2(14 + 2a) = 40
8. Rectangles of different sizes may have different 19. Thenumber of tube lights = x
lengths and widths. Thus, the values of l and w may
x
change and are thus, variables. These values Half the number of tube lights =
of l and w will also cause the area, A of the rectangle 2
to change. Thus, A is also a variable. x
Thus, the given formula contains three variables and Seven less than half the number of tube lights = 7
2
no constant.
x
 The number of fans = 7
2
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Algebra 42

20. Mr. Gere’s salary = Rs.x HINTS / SOLUTIONS TO THE SELECTED

The salary of Mr. Smith = half of that of Mr. Gere’s QUESTIONS
1 1. The correct verbal form of the equation 17x + 6 = 40
  Rs.x  is “six more than seventeen times a number x equals
2 forty”
x 2. The given equation can be written as “seven more than
 Rs. a number x is three”.
2
21. Rambo’s weight = x pounds 3. Bryan’s height = h feet
 Johnson’s height = 3 feet less than Bryan’s height
2 = 3 feet less than h feet
Two thirds of Rambo’s weight  x
3 = (h – 3) feet
2 4. Marks secured by Eddy = M
20 less than two thirds of Rambo’s weight  x  20 Twice the marks scored by Eddy imply 2 × M, i.e., 2M.
3 Five marks more than twice the marks scored by Eddy
2 imply 2M + 5.
 Angelina’s weight  x  20 Thus, marks secured by Eric = 2M + 5
3
22. The number of flowers in garden B = x 5. The value of variable y can be found through guess
Thrice the number of flowers in garden B = 3x and check method. It can be done as:
5 less than thrice the number of flowers in garden B = Put y = 10 in the Left hand side of the equation 4y –
3x – 5 15 = 13:
 The number of flowers in garden A = 3x – 5 Left hand side = 4 × y – 15 = 4×10 – 15 = 40 – 15 =
23. (2a2b – 3bc) – (a 2b + 5bc – ca) 25.
= 2a2 b – 3bc – a2 b – 5bc + ca 25 is greater than the value on Right hand side =13.
(Remove brackets and change the symbol of Now, put y = 8 in the Left hand side of the equation:
operation for each term in the second expression) Left hand side = 4 × y – 15 = 4× 8 – 15 = 32 – 15 =
= 2a2 b – a2b – 3bc – 5bc + ca 17.
= a2b – 8bc + ca 17 is little greater than the value on Right hand side.
24. 2m(5m + 4n) = 10m2 + 2m(4n) Put y = 7 in the Left hand side of the equation:
= 10m2 + 8mn Left hand side = 4 × y – 15 = 4× 7 – 15 = 28 – 15 =
25. 2a(3b + 5c + 12a) = 2a(3b) + 2a(5c) + 2a(12a) 13
= 6ab + 10ac + 24a2 = Right hand side
26. Let Raju’s father’s age be 3x and Raju’s age be x. Thus, the required value of variable y in the given
3x = 45 equation is 7.
6. The value of variable z can be found through guess
45 and check method. It can be done as:
x  15
3 Put z = 1 in the Left hand side of the equation 9z + 23
Therefore Raju’s age = 15 years. = 50:
Left hand side = 9 × z + 23 = 9 × 1 + 23 = 9 + 23 = 32.
x
27.  18  46 32 is less than the value on Right hand side = 50.
2 Now, put z = 5 in the Left hand side of the equation 9z
x + 23 = 50:
 46  18  28 Left hand side = 9 × z + 23 = 9 × 5 + 23 = 45 + 23 =
2
x = 38 × 2 = 56. 68.
68 is greater than the value on Right hand side.
SUMM ATIVE WORKSHEET Put z = 3 in the Left hand side of the equation 9z + 23
= 50:
KEY Left hand side = 9 × z + 23 = 9 × 3 + 23 = 27 + 23 =
50.
Q.no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 = Right hand side
Key B C A A B A D B B C Thus, the required value of variable z in the given
equation is 3.
Q.no 11 12 13 14
Key B C B B

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Algebra 43

7. Number of cadets in one row = 8 HINTS / SOLUTIONS TO THE SELECTED

Number of rows = n QUESTIONS
Therefore, the number of cadets marching in the 1. Cost of chocolate bar = Rs.y
parade = 8n Cost of ice-cream cream = Rs.1.5 more than the cost
8. Age of Sally = x years of chocolate bar (Rs.y)
Tom is 5 years younger than Sally Rs.1.5 more than Rs.y implies Rs.(y + 1.50)
Therefore, age of Tom = x – 5 Therefore, cost of ice-cream cone = Rs.(y + 1.50)
9. The verbal expression “four more than a number x” 2. Nick’s weight = x pounds
is equivalent to the mathematical 4expression Ben’s weight = 4 times Nick’s weight = (4 × x) pounds
(x + 4). = 4x pounds
10. Five times a number n implies n × 5, i.e., 5n. 3. Seven less than a number x can be written as (x – 7).
Thus, six less than five times a number n implies the Thus, seven less than a number x when multiplied by
expression 5n – 6. five is equivalent to the expression (x – 7) × 5.
11. Number of marbles with Rosy = x 4. The value of the variable p can be found through
Twice the number of marbles with Rosy implies x × 2, guess and check method. It can be done as:
i.e., 2x. Put p = 1 in the Left hand side of the equation 49 – 7p
Thus, three more marbles than twice the number of = 21:
marbles with Rosy implies the expression Left hand side = 49 – 7 × p = 49 – 7 × 1 = 49 – 7 = 42.
2x + 3. 42 is greater than the value on Right hand side =21.
12. Seven less than a number ‘x’ = x – 7 Now, put p = 5 in the Left hand side of the equation
Seven less than a number ‘x’ is divided by four 49 – 7p = 21:
x7 Left hand side = 49 – 7 × p = 49 – 7 × 5 = 49 – 35 =
 14.
4
Hence, the given statement can be represented by the 14 is less than the value on Right hand side.
Put p = 4 in the Left hand side of the equation 49 – 7p
x7 = 21:
equation  20
4 Left hand side = 49 – 7 × p = 49 – 7 × 4 = 49 – 28 =
13. Thrice the number ‘n’ = 3n 21.
The sum of six and thrice the number ‘n’ = 6 + 3n = Right hand side
The sum of six and thrice the number ‘n’ when divided Thus, the required value of variable p in the given
equation is 4.
6  3n
by five  5. The value of the variable m can be found through
5 guess and check method. It can be done as:
Hence, the given statement can be represented by the Put m = 5 in the Left hand side of the equation 3m –
6  3n 7 = 11:
equation  12 Left hand side = 3 × m – 7 = 3 × 5 – 7 = 15 – 7 = 8.
5
14. Weight of the chair = x kg 8 is slightly less than the value on Right hand side = 11.
Twice the weight of the chair = 2x kg Put m = 6 in the Left hand side of the equation 3m –
Therefore, the weight of the table = (2x – 8)kg 7 = 11:
Left hand side = 3 × m – 7 = 3 × 6 – 7 = 18 – 7 = 11.
HOTS WORKSHEET = Right hand side
Thus, the required value of variable m in the given
KEY equation is 6.
6. The value of the variable n can be found through
Q.no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 guess and check method. It can be done as:
Key B B B B B A A C B C Put n = 1 in the Left hand side of the equation 2n + 11
= 21:
Q.no 11 12 13 14 15
Left hand side = 2 × 1 + 11 = 2 + 11 = 13.
Key B C B A D 13 is less than the value on Right hand side = 21.
Now, put n = 6 in the Left hand side of the equation
2n + 11 = 21:
Left hand side = 2 × 6 + 11 = 12 + 11 = 23.
which is greater than the value on Right hand side.

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Algebra 44

Put n = 5 in the Left hand side of the equation 2n + 11 This leads to two equations to solve:
= 21: x + 4 = 0 and x + –6 = 0
Left hand side = 2 × 5 + 11 = 10 + 11 = 21. x + 4 = 0 gives x = –4. Reject this value since a
= Right hand side dimension cannot be negative
Thus, the required value of variable n in the given x + –6 = 0 gives x = 6
equation is 5. Therefore, length = 6 and width = x – 2 = 6 – 2=4
7. The equivalent mathematical form of the given 16. 20 = 2(6 + width)
expression is “8 × z”. 10 =( 6 + width)
8. The equivalent mathematical form of the given 10 – 6 = width
expression is “ n  17 ”. Therfore width = 4 cm
9. The equivalent mathematical form of the given 17. Area = 10 × 6 =60 cm2 ­
expression is “x – 5". Perimeter = 2( 10 + 6 ) = 2(16) = 32 cm
10. Height of Brad = x inches 18. For lost, use negative. For gain, use positive.
Height of Adam = 4 inches less than Brad’s height = Progress = –5 + 9 = 4 yards
(x – 4) inches 19. 2 × (1 + 3) = 2 × 1 + 2 × 3 = 2 + 6 = 8 dollars
11. Number of pens with Kevin = p 20. Let x be the original price.
Thus, number of pens with Eric x–2=5
= 5 more than number of pens with Kevin x =5+2
= p +5 x=7
12. Number of chocolates = n 21. Let x be the number. Always replace “is” with an
Thus, each child received one-half of n chocolates, equal sign
(1/2)x + 5 = 9
n (1/2)x + 5 – 5 = 9 – 5
i.e., n  2 orchocolates.
2 (1/2)x = 4
13. Adam is three years elder to Dan. This implies that 2 × (1/2)x = 4× 2
Adam’s age is three years more than Dan’s age. x=8
Adam’s age = x years
a b
Thus, Dan’s age = (x – 3) years 22. (1)  5;  5
14. Thenumber of books with Andy = x 2 3
Twice the number of books = 2x a = 10; b = 15
3 more than twice the number of books= 2x + 3 ab = 10 × 15 = 150
 The number of books with Sam = 2x + 3 a 10 2
15. Thenumber of pens = x (2)  
b 15 3
Twice the number of pens = 2x
(3) a2 + b2 = (10)2 + (15)2 = 100 + 225 = 325
 The number of pencils = 2x
1 1 1
 
IIT JEE WORKSHEET (4) 1 1 1 1 32
     
KEY a b  10 15  30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 30
  6
C B A D C D C 5 5
30
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
23. (i) l = 2, m = 4
A D C ABC BCD AC BC
l 2 1
 
HINTS / SOLUTIONS TO THE SELECTED m 4 2
QUESTIONS
15. Let x be the length and let x – 2 be the width m 4
(ii)  2
Area = lenth × width = x × ( x – 2) = 24 l 2
x × ( x – 2) = 24 (iii) lm = 2 × 4 = 8
x2 + –2x = 24 (iv) l2m = (2)2 × 4 = 4 × 4 = 16
x2 + –2x – 24 = 0
Since –24 = 4 × –6 and 4 + –6 = –2, we get: 
(x + 4) × ( x + –6) = 0

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