MUSIC REVIEWER 2ND PERIODICAL TEST

I. Music of Cordillera

A. VOCAL MUSIC

1. Ibaloi Badiw – One of the vocal genres considered to be the signature for specific cultures in Cordillera is the Ibaloi
Badiw. It is a style of singing without prior preparation or practice in the leader-chorus form.

2. Owiwi (Kalinga) – lullabies

3. Dagdagay (Kalinga) – infancy-related songs

4. Oppia (Kalinga) – infancy-related songs

5. Langan Bata-Bata (Tausug) - – infancy-related songs

6. Bua (Subannen) - – infancy-related songs

7. Kawayanna (Kalinga) - – infancy-related songs

8. Hudhud (Ifugao) – chanted epic poetry which is recited and chanted only during 4 occasions: the harvesting of rice
and wedding, funeral wakes, bone-washing (bogwa) rituals.

Characteristic of Vocal Music:

 Melismatic – vocal passage with one syllable, sung against several note passages.
 Free Meter – musical meter without time signature.

B. Instrumental Music

1. Mental Instruments -gongs

a) Gangsa Toppaya – gongs played by striking with the palm while rested on the lap
b) Gangsa Palook – gongs are struck or beaten with wooden mallets while held by the left hand. This is usually
played by men.

2. Bamboo Instruments -woodwind and percussion instruments

a) Bungkaka or Bilbil – played by striking against the palm of one hand.

II. MUSIC OF MINDORO

A. Vocal Music

1. Marayaw- song used to communicate with spirits in rituals for healing the sick and protecting the
community.

2. Pamuybuyen – legend

3. Ambahan- composed of a seven-syllable line ending in rhymes

- often used in parenting in courtship, and by visitors to ask for food

- texts are commonly written on bamboo

- often chanted with accompanying instruments

1. Kudyapi – is a lute with long neck and has two strings that run from the neck to the base of a resonating
chamber.

2. Gitgit (Lute) – an instrument with 3 to 4 strings with a wooden body and human hair for the bow

3. kalutang- a pair of equal-sized wood struck together

III. PALAWAN MUSIC

A. Vocal Music

1. Kulial- lyrical poem expressing love. His/her vocal music is accompanied by kusyapi (two-stringed lute) and
played by man and paging (bamboo zither) played by woman.

2. Tultul- It is a chanted vocal music about epic heroes and usually chanted at night, ending at daybreak

B. Instrumental Music

1) Basal is a gong ensemble consists of set of one or two big gongs, agung and a pair of small ringed gongs, sanang,
and drum called gimbal.

2) Kudyapi (Lute)

3) Pagang (Zither)

4) Gimbal (drum)

IV. MUSIC OF THE VISAYAS

A. Vocal Music

1. Matud Nila – Visayan love song

2. Rosas Pandan – Visayan courting song

3. Condansoy- Visayan drinking song

4. Ilo Ng Bata – children’s song

5. Dandansoy – Illonggo farewell song

6. Ili-ili Tulog Anay – Ilonggo lullabye

7. Ako Kini Si Angi – Visayan Work Song

8. Si Pelimon – Visayan work song

B. Instrumental Music

1. Rondalla – string ensemble which originated in spain. It is a group of string played with a pick or plectrum.

RONDALLA INSTRUMENTS

1. Bandurria – a 14 string instrument with 16 frets and shorter neck

2. Laud- a plectrum-plucked chordophone that has twelve strings in pairs, similar to the bandurria, it is turned in 4ths
but its range is one octave lower.

3. Octavina – has a shorter neck compared to the guitar, with 14 strings and 16 frets. The instrument is played like
laud, the lower notes in accompaniments and in unison with the bass notes. It serves as the alto of the rondalla.

4. Guitar- a popular musical instrument typically played by strumming or plucking the strings. Usually have 6 strings.
5. Bajo De Arco – larets among the instruments in most stringed ensembles – evident by its thick strings, latge body,
and low tones.

2. Tultogan – a bamboo and drum ensemble.

3. Binanog – a gong, drum, wooden percussion ensemble. It is used to accompany a dance movement imitating the
flight of the hawk.

ARTS 7 REVIEWER 2ND PERIODICAL TEST

MINDORO

MANGYANS- native groups living in Mindoro.

HANUNUO-MANGYAN – “true/ real/ genuine”

AMBAHAN – a rhythmic, poetic expression with a meter of seven syllables

URUKAY- express in a symbolic way a situation or certain characteristics by the one reciting the poem. Uses 8
syllables instead of 7.

MARINDUQUE

Moriones Festival – a Lenten tradition that is celebrated every Holy Week.

ROMBLON

Known not only for its fine marble products but also for the beautifully woven mats and bags out of romblon plants.

“Marble Capital of The Philippines”

PALAWAN

Known as the country’s last frontier.

Tingkop- a cone-shaped colander harvest basket made of blackened and natural bamboo.

Manunggul jar- secondary burial jar that served as a container for the exhumed remains of the deceased.

Panay Islands one of the largest islands of the archipelago composed of the provinces of Iloilo, Antique, Aklan, Capiz,
and the Island of Guimaras.

Weaving is a primary form of arts and crafts in Panay Island even before the Spaniards came to the Philippines. It
was once tagged as the “Textile Capital of the Philippines”.

Weaving from indigenous fibers such as jusi and piña became popular latter part of 19th Century despite the
introduction of cheap cotton cloth from the West that dominated the local textile industry.

Patadyong- a wrap-around skirt piece of cloth worn by women as a skirt and is usually paired with a kimono.

Piña Weaving- an age-old tradition in Aklan. The process requires long hours of laborious extraction of fibers from
pineapple leaves.

Kapiz- shell is also an important material in the craft of Panay Island, particularly in Aklan and Iloilo. Capiz shells are
bleached and dried before being pressed or cut into different shapes.

NEGROS ISLAND

Sinamay- made from abaca twine and indigenous plants like banana.

BOHOL

Basket weaving is among the earliest industries that have been established in Bohol.

BASEY, SAMAR
Known for its famous colorful sleeping mat called “banig”.

SOME OF THE FESTIVALS IN THE VISAYAS:

Ati-atihan – most popular, most colorful, and fun-filled festivals in the Philippines particularly in Aklan. It is held
every 3rd Sunday of January in honor of the arrival of the Santo Niño as a gift from Ferdinand Magellan.

Masskara Festival – in Bacolod is considered as the most spectacular display of colors, beauty, and culture. “City of
Smiles”

Pinatdos-Kasadyaan Festival – in Tacloban City is a cultural-religious celebration to honor the feast day of the Santo
Nino or the Holy Child.

ARCHITECTURES

1. Molo Church- in Iloilo it said that this is a “Women’s Church” because of the 16 women saints inside.

2. Miag-ao Church – massive quality, thick walls, large towers. It is famous for its artistic sculptural relief carved
in the façade of the church that stands as the living legacy of a rich culture and illustrates the way life of the people
of Miag-ao.

3. The Ruins – architecture built by a wealthy haciendero for his Portuguese wife in the early 1900’s.