Python for Informatics

LESSON 9

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
2

 In addition to the cool informatics

applications that we have explored,
Python can also be used to perform
computer housekeeping and
maintenance operations.
 For example, the automated
processing of a large set of selected
files can be a valuable capability.

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
3

 The os library module offers features

that help us deal with our local file
system.
 More specifically, os.getcwd()
returns the name of the current
directory, and os.walk() enables us
to traverse all of the directories and
files within a given directory tree.

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
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OS Function Function Effect

walk() Walks the elements of a directory tree.
getcwd() Gets the current directory.
listdir(path) Lists the directory of the specified path.
path.abspath(s) Returns the absolute file path of the specified
filename.
path.exists(s) Returns true if the specified file or directory
name exists.
path.isdir(s) Returns true if the specified name is a
directory.
path.isfile(s) Returns true if the specified name is a file.

https://docs.python.org/2/library/os.html#files-and-directories

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
5

"""
This program counts the number of .txt files
within the directory tree, starting at the
current directory.
"""

import os
count = 0
for dirname, dirs, files in os.walk('.'):
for filename in files:
if filename.endswith('.txt') :
count = count + 1

print 'Files:', count

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
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"""
This program determines the size of all .txt files
within the directory tree, starting at the
current directory.
Note that we use “join” to perform concatenation
because it accounts for the path delimiter differences
across different operating systems (“/” vs “\”).
"""

import os
from os.path import join
for (dirname, dirs, files) in os.walk('.'):
for filename in files:
if filename.endswith('.txt') :
thefile = os.path.join(dirname, filename)
print os.path.getsize(thefile), thefile

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
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"""
This program looks all files except those of specific
sizes 2578 and 2565 (these are vendor headers that
we don’ t care about) or files that don’ t have more
than one line.
"""
import os
from os.path import join
for (dirname, dirs, files) in os.walk('.'):
for filename in files:
if filename.endswith('.txt') :
thefile = os.path.join(dirname,filename)
size = os.path.getsize(thefile)
if size == 2578 or size == 2565:
continue
fhand = open(thefile,'r')
lines = list()
for line in fhand:
lines.append(line)
fhand.close()
if len(lines) > 1:
print len(lines), thefile
print lines[:4]

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
8
"""
This program reverses the logic of the
previous one—we will soon want to
delete all files we are not interested in.
(we also deal with 3 line footer files that
we are not interested in).
"""
import os
from os.path import join
for (dirname, dirs, files) in os.walk('.'):
for filename in files:
if filename.endswith('.txt') :
thefile = os.path.join(dirname,filename)
size = os.path.getsize(thefile)
if size == 2578 or size == 2565:
print 'T-Mobile:',thefile
continue
fhand = open(thefile,'r')
lines = list()
for line in fhand:
lines.append(line)
fhand.close()
if len(lines) == 3 and lines[2].startswith('Sent from my iPhone') :
print 'iPhone:', thefile
continue

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
9
"""
This program actually deletes the files that
we’ve determined we want to delete.
"""
import os
from os.path import join
for (dirname, dirs, files) in os.walk('.'):
for filename in files:
if filename.endswith('.txt') :
thefile = os.path.join(dirname,filename)
size = os.path.getsize(thefile)
if size == 2578 or size == 2565:
print 'T-Mobile:',thefile
os.remove(thefile)
continue
fhand = open(thefile,'r')
lines = list()
for line in fhand:
lines.append(line)
fhand.close()
if len(lines) == 3 and lines[2].startswith('Sent from my iPhone') :
print 'iPhone:', thefile
os.remove(thefile)
continue

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
10

"""
This program how to process
command line arguments.
"""

import sys

print 'Count:', len(sys.argv)

print 'Type:', type(sys.argv)

for arg in sys.argv:

print 'Argument:', arg

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 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
11

"""
This program takes a file name as
a command line argument, opens
the specified file, and reads it.
"""

import sys

name = sys.argv[1]
handle = open(name, 'r')
text = handle.read()
print name, 'is', len(text), 'bytes'

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved

 Computer Housekeeping and Maintenance
12

"""
This program defines a command str,
opens that str as a pipe (which executes
the command), and reads all of the lines
returned by the command. The pipe is then
closed, and the status is printed.
"""
import os

cmd = 'ls -l'

file_pointer = os.popen(cmd)
all_lines = file_pointer.read()
print all_lines

status = file_pointer.close()
print status

Copyright © 2015 Walter Wesley All Rights Reserved