MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CITY OF BATAC, ILOCOS NORTE

VIBRATION

DARYLLE JOHN P. CASTILLO

ENGR. IAN DIMITRIS FAELCOMA

INSTRUCTOR 1

OCTOBER 2, 2023

FRONT PAGE
 REPORT
VIBRATION

OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THIS REPORT, YOU ARE EXPECTED TO BE FAMILIAR AND GAIN
KNOWLEDGE WITH THE

FOLLOWING:
1. BASIC FUNDAMENTALS OF VIBRATION
2. APPLICTION OF VIBRATION
3. PERFORM A SIMPLE PROTOTYPE VIBRATION INSULATOR.

INTRODUCTION:

A VIBRATION ENGINEER'S WORK AND DUTIES PROACTIVELY CONTROL VIBRATIONS

AND ACOUSTICS WITHIN PROJECTS TO IMPROVE SAFETY AND DECREASE NOISE
POLLUTION. ENGINEERS MUST ACHIEVE THESE GOALS WHILE KEEPING SIGHT OF
BUDGET CONSTRAINTS, MATERIAL COSTS, AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS.
AN OSCILLATION OF THE PARTS OF A FLUID OR AN ELASTIC SOLID WHOSE
EQUILIBRIUM HAS BEEN DISTURBED, OR OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE.

ILLUSTRATION:

1. DRAW THE PROTOTYPE DESIGN OF SIMPLE VIBRATION INSULATOR (DESIGN YOU

PASS)
2. INDICATE TABLES FOR THE REQUIRED DATA ANALYSIS WITH COMPUTATION
( MINIMUM OF 3 TABLES)?
table 1 t=10, assume 10 values of rpm @table 2 t=20, assume 10 values of rpm @table 3
t=60, assume 10 values of rpm

QUESTIONS:
1. WHAT IS THE BASIC FUNDAMENTALS OF VIBRATION?
- Vibration is a mechanical movement around an equilibrium point. In other
words, it is a mechanical phenomenon where a dynamic external force is
applied onto structures or floors, causing the oscillation motion that repeats
itself after an interval of time. Among the sources of vibration, the low
frequency vibration is not perceptible during daily activities, and adversely
affect vibration-sensitive metrology tools in the fields of semiconductor,
display, electron microscopy, life sciences and photonics

2. LIST THREE TYPES OF VIBRATION AND GIVE THE DIFFERENCE.

*Free or Natural Vibration

It is considered free or natural vibration when no external force
operates on the body after it has experienced an initial displacement. Free
vibration occurs when a mechanical system is started in motion with an initial
input and allowed to vibrate freely.
 *Forced Vibration
Forced vibration occurs when a mechanical system is subjected to a
time-varying disturbance (load, displacement, velocity, or acceleration). A
periodic and steady-state input, a transient input, or a random input can all
be used as disturbances. The frequency of the steady-state vibration
response resulting from the application of a periodic, harmonic input is equal
to the frequency of the applied force or motion for linear systems, with the
size of the response being dependent on the particular mechanical system.

*Damped Vibration
Vibrations are considered to be damped when the energy of a
vibrating system is progressively absorbed by friction and other resistances.
The vibrations progressively decrease in frequency or intensity or stop
altogether, and the system returns to balance.

3. NAME 5 MINUMUM TYPES OF APPLICATION OF VIBRATION?

*Structural vibrations. Most buildings are mounted on top of special rubber
pads, which are intended to isolate the building from ground vibrations.

*Vehicle suspension systems are familiar to everyone, but continue to evolve

as engineers work to improve vehicle handling and ride.

*Precision Machinery: It is essential to isolate electron microscopes from

vibrations. A typical transmission electron microscope is designed to resolve
features of materials down to atomic length scales. If the specimen vibrates
by more than a few atomic spacings, it will be impossible to see.

*Food processing industry: It needs to monitors its many rotating machinery

parts in vibratory conveyor systems, cooling fans, food pumps and mixers,
the chip, can cause cost losses of many thousands of dollars.

*Power industry: It is facing challenges owing to the continuously increasing

demand for power and the requirement to reduce distribution losses. This
has led power generation companies to offer continuous power supply at low
costs and monitor their processes for any unwanted changes. Hence,
vibration sensors play a crucial role in the power sector. Vibration sensors
help in tracking rotor imbalances, aerodynamic asymmetry, surface
roughness, and overall performance, as well as carry out offline and online
measurements of stress and strain in energy and power industry.

*Oil and gas industry: Vibration sensors play a vital role in the oil and gas
industry by ensuring that the production machinery is operational and the
downtime is minimized, thereby leading to a reduction in operating costs and
an increase in productivity and monetary gains. These sensors help reduce
unplanned outages and optimize machine performance. This, in turn, helps in
reducing maintenance and repair costs. Vibration sensors designed for
 monitoring applications are used to monitor motors, critical pumps, fans,
gearboxes, and compressors in the oil and gas industry.

4. WHAT IS THE BASIC CONCEPT OF VIBRATION?

-Any motion that repeats itself after an interval of time is called vibration or
oscillation. The swinging of a pendulum and the motion of a plucked string
are typical examples of vibration. The theory of vibration deals with the study
of oscillatory motions of bodies and the forces associated with them.

5. WHY WE SHOULD INPUT VIBRATION INSULATOR ON A MACHINE A MACHINE?

-Vibration isolation manages unwanted vibration and keeps its negative
consequences within reasonable bounds. When the vibration-sensitive
machinery needs to be isolated from undesired vibration, it can also be used
oppositely. The sound produced by vibrating machines can be reduced,
sensitive machinery can be protected, and additional safety can be provided
when running the machine.
6. IMPORTANCE OF VIBRATION TO ANY MACHINES?
- Vibration may influence the durability and reliability of machinery systems
or structures and cause problems such as damage, abnormal stopping, and
catastrophic failures. Vibration measurement is an important
countermeasure to prevent these problems from occurring.
There are three main parameters that are measured to evaluate the vibration
characteristics of any dynamic piece of equipment as displacement, velocity,
and acceleration. The analysis of vibration monitors the characteristic
changes in rotating machinery caused by imbalance, misalignment, bent
shaft, mechanical looseness, faults in gear drives, defects in roller bearings or
sleeve bearings.

7. WHAT DO YOU LEARN ABOUT VIBRATION REGARDING TO YOUR PROTOTYPE

DESIGN?

CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, vibration is a phenomenon that occurs when an object oscillates or
moves back and forth rapidly. Vibration in industrial equipment can be a symptom or
cause of a problem, or it can be associated with normal operation. The most
common causes of machine vibration are imbalance, misalignment, wear, and
looseness. Vibration can accelerate machine wear, consume excess power, and
cause equipment to be taken out of service, resulting in unplanned downtime.
Vibration can also be harmful to human health under certain conditions.
The study of vibration is important in various fields, including physics, engineering,
and medicine. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of vibration and
how to control it to lead to improvements in human health, machine performance,
and other areas.
REFERENCES

https://www.daeilsys.com/support/technical-notes/fundamentals-of-vibration/
https://byjusexamprep.com/gate-me/types-of-vibration
https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Engineering/Courses/En4/Notes/
vibrations_overview/vibrations_overview.htm
https://www.etssolution-asia.com/blog/vibration-sensor-definitions-applications-
and-how-to-use-it
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