Exercises:

Converting Binary to Decimal

(111001)2 = (1×25 )+(1×24)+(1×23)+(0×22)+(0×21)+(1×20 )

=32+16+8+1= 5710
binary number: 1 1 1 0 0 1

power of 2: 32 16 8 4 2 1

power of 2: 25 24 23 22 21 20

(1101001)₂ = (1 × 2⁶) + (1 × 2⁵) + (0 × 2⁴) + (1 × 2³) + (0 × 2²) + (0 × 2¹) + (1 × 2⁰)

= 64 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 0 + 0 + 1= (105)₁₀

binary number: 1 1 0 1 0 0 1

power of 2: 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

power of 2: 26 25 24 23 22 21 20

(11110111)₂ = (1 × 2⁷) + (1 × 2⁶) + (1 × 2⁵) + (1 × 2⁴) + (0 × 2³) + (1 × 2²) + (1 × 2¹) +

(1 × 2⁰)

= 128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 0 + 4 + 2 + 1= (247)₁₀

binary number: 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

power of 2: 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

power of 2: 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
Convert Unsigned Decimal to Binary:

(𝟏𝟐𝟎)₁₀ =

Division Quotient Reminder

120/2 60 0
60/2 30 0 (𝟏𝟐𝟎)₁₀ = (𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎)₂
30/2 15 0
15/2 7 1
7/2 3 1
3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1
(𝟓𝟓)₁₀ =

Division Quotient Reminder

55/2 27 1
27/2 13 1 (𝟓𝟓)₁₀ = (𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟏)₂
13/2 6 1
6/2 3 0
3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1

Convert the 16-bit binary number to hexadecimal.

(1101 1111 1001 0110)₂

=(D F 9 6)₁₆

Converting Hexadecimal to Decimal

(3B1E)16

=3×16³ +11×16²+1×161+14×160 =

Converting Decimal to Hexadecimal

(479)10

(𝟒𝟕𝟗)₁₀ = (𝟏𝐃𝐅)₁₆
Division Quotient Reminder
479/16 29.9375 16x.9375=15=F
29/16 1.8125 16x.8125=13=D
1/16 0.0625 16x0.0625=1
What is the largest 10-bit unsigned integer?

210 – 1 = 1023
Hexadecimal Addition:

(𝟑𝐀𝟖𝟐𝟔𝟑)₁₆ + (𝟕𝐃𝐂𝟔𝟗𝟖)₁₆=

1 1
3 A 8 2 6 3 (𝟑𝐀𝟖𝟐𝟔𝟑)₁₆ + (𝟕𝐃𝐂𝟔𝟗𝟖)₁₆ = (𝐁𝟖𝟒𝟖𝐅𝐁)₁₆
+
7 D C 6 9 8

B 8 4 8 F B

3+8=11=B

6+9=15=F

2+6=8

8+C=8+12=20 ≥16=20-16=4 carry 1

A+D=1+10+13=24≥16=24-16=8 carry 1

1+3+7=11=B

Hexadecimal Subtraction:

(𝟕𝟗𝐀𝐃)₁₆ − (𝟓𝐀𝟖𝐅)₁₆=
6 9
7 9 A D
- (𝟕𝟗𝐀𝐃)₁₆ − (𝟓𝐀𝟖𝐅)₁₆ = (𝟏𝐅𝟏𝐄)₁₆
5 A 8 F

1 F 1 E

D-F=13-15(cannot so I will add 16 to D ) =(16+13)=29

29-15=14=E

9-8=1

9-A=9-10(cannot so I will add 16 to 9 ) =(16+9)=25

25-10=15=F

6-5=1
Binary subtraction:

(𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟏)₂ − (𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟎)₂ =
1 2 1
0 2 0 2 2
1 0 1 0 0 1 1 (𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟏)₂ − (𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟎) = (𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟏)₂
-
0 1 1 1 0 0

0 1 1 0 1 1 1

What is the range of signed values that may be stored in 10 bits?

-2n–1 to (2n–1 – 1)

-210–1 to (210–1 – 1)=

Positive range: 0 to 29–1 – 1

Negative range: -29–1 to -1