raduga_fb Cantilever Wall 1

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Design Detail
Concrete f'c = 20.69 MPa
Rebar Fy = 413.7 MPa
254 mm
Unit Weight = 23.56 kN/m³
1.22 m

#7 @ 304.8 mm (S&T)
4.74 m

#7 @ 304.8 mm
5.05 m

2m

304.8 mm

Heel Bars: #7 @ 304.8 mm

Toe Bars: #7 @ 304.8 mm
1.22 m 1.52 m Footing S/T Bars: #7 @ 304.8 mm

2.99 m

Check Summary Criteria

Ratio Check Provided Required Combination
----- Stability Checks ----- Use basic criteria from common projec...No
0.216 Overturning 6.96 1.50 1.0D + 1.0H Building Code IBC 2015
0.377 Sliding 3.97 1.50 1.0D + 1.0H Concrete Load Combs IBC 2015 (Strength)
0.481 Bearing Pressure 143.6 kPa 69.07 kPa 1.0D + 1.0H Masonry Load Combs ASCE 7-10 (ASD)
0.242 Bearing Eccentricity 0.12 m 0.5 m 1.0D + 1.0H Stability Load Combs IBC Retaining Wall St...
----- Toe Checks ----- Apply Sds Factor to Seismic Combinat... No
0.349 Shear 123.2 kN/m 42.98 kN/m 1.4D Restrained Against Sliding No
0.294 Moment 95.78 kN·m/m 28.19 kN·m/m 1.2D + 1.6H Neglect Bearing At Heel Yes
0.257 Min Strain 0.0156 0.0040 1.2D + 1.6H Use Vert. Comp. for OT No
0.000 Min Steel 32.26 mm² 0 mm² 1.2D + 1.6H Use Vert. Comp. for Sliding No
0.180 Development 169.8 cm 30.48 cm 1.2D + 1.6H Use Vert. Comp. for Bearing Yes
0.667 S&T Max Spacing 304.8 mm 457.2 mm 1.2D + 1.6H Use Surcharge for Sliding & OT Yes
0.216 S&T Min Rho 0.0083 0.0018 1.2D + 1.6H Use Surcharge for Bearing Yes
----- Heel Checks ----- Neglect Soil Over Toe No
0.967 Shear 137.6 kN/m 133.1 kN/m 1.4D Neglect Backfill Wt. for Coulomb No
0.567 Moment 107.8 kN·m/m 61.11 kN·m/m 1.2D + 1.6H Factor Soil Weight As Dead Yes
0.226 Min Strain 0.0177 0.0040 1.2D + 1.6H Use Passive Force for OT Yes
0.000 Min Steel 32.26 mm² 0 mm² 1.2D + 1.6H Assume Pressure To Top Yes
0.291 Development 142.2 cm 41.41 cm 1.2D + 1.6H Extend Backfill Pressure To Key Bottom No
Use Toe Passive Pressure for Bearing No
0.667 S&T Max Spacing 304.8 mm 457.2 mm 1.2D + 1.6H
Required F.S. for OT 1.50
0.216 S&T Min Rho 0.0083 0.0018 1.2D + 1.6H
Required F.S. for Sliding 1.50
----- Stem Checks -----
Has Different Safety Factors for Seismic No
0.730 Moment 83.77 kN·m/m 61.11 kN·m/m 1.2D + 1.6H
Allowable Bearing Pressure 143.6 kPa
0.478 Shear 108.8 kN/m 52.02 kN/m 1.2D + 1.6H
Req'd Bearing Location Middle third
0.299 Max Steel 0.0134 0.0040 1.2D + 1.6H Wall Friction Angle 25°
0.000 Min Steel 12.7 cm²/m 0 cm²/m 1.2D + 1.6H Friction Coefficent 0.35
1.088 Base Development 22.86 cm 24.87 cm 1.2D + 1.6H Soil Reaction Modulus 27146 kN/m³
0.000 Horz Bar Rho 0.0000 0.0000 1.2D + 1.6H
0.667 Horz Bar Spacing 304.8 mm 457.2 mm 1.2D + 1.6H

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Loads Load Combinations

Loading Options/Assumptions
Passive pressure neglects top 0 m of soil.
IBC 2015 (Strength)
1.2D
... + 1.6H
1.2D
... + 0.9H
1.22 m

0.9D
... + 1.6H
0.9D
... + 0.9H
1.4D
...
1.83 m

 = 15.71 kN/m³
 = 30°
3.52 m
3.83 m

c = 0 kPa
2m

 = 15.71 kN/m³
 = 30°
c = 0 kPa

Strength Check Results Summary

Load Combination Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem
M-applied M-allow V-applied V-allow Min. ld Actual ld Min. strain Actual strain Min. steel
(kN·m/m) (kN·m/m) (kN/m) (kN/m) (cm) (cm) (cm²/m)
1.2D + 1.6H 61.11 83.77 52.02 108.8 24.87 22.86 0.0040 0.0134 0
1.2D + 0.9H 34.37 83.77 29.26 108.8 17.78 22.86 0.0040 0.0134 0
0.9D + 1.6H 61.11 83.77 52.02 108.8 24.87 22.86 0.0040 0.0134 0
0.9D + 0.9H 34.37 83.77 29.26 108.8 17.78 22.86 0.0040 0.0134 0
1.4D 0 0 0 0 17.78 22.86 0.0040 0.0134 0
Load Combination Stem Heel Heel Heel Heel Toe Toe Toe Toe
Actual steel M-applied M-allow V-applied V-allow M-applied M-allow V-applied V-allow
(cm²/m) (kN·m/m) (kN·m/m) (kN/m) (kN/m) (kN·m/m) (kN·m/m) (kN/m) (kN/m)
1.2D + 1.6H 12.7 86.7 107.8 114.1 137.6 28.19 95.78 36.84 123.2
1.2D + 0.9H 12.7 86.7 107.8 114.1 137.6 28.19 95.78 36.84 123.2
0.9D + 1.6H 12.7 65.02 107.8 85.56 137.6 21.14 95.78 27.63 123.2
0.9D + 0.9H 12.7 65.02 107.8 85.56 137.6 21.14 95.78 27.63 123.2
1.4D 12.7 101.1 107.8 133.1 137.6 32.89 95.78 42.98 123.2
Stability Check Results Summary
Load Combination Overturning Resisting Overturning Overturning Overturning Sliding Resisting Sliding
Moment Moment F.S. F.S. Req'd F.S. Req'd Seismic Force Force F.S.
(kN·m/m) (kN·m/m) (k/ft) (k/ft)
1.0D + 1.0H 48.99 340.9 6.960 1.500 1.500 2.63 10.45 3.974
Load Combination Sliding Sliding Bearing Pressure Bearing Pressure Bearing Eccentricity Bearing Eccentricity Wall Top Actual
F.S. Req'd F.S. Req'd Seismic Actual Allowable Actual Allowable Deflection
(kPa) (kPa) (m) (m) (m)
1.0D + 1.0H 1.500 1.500 69.07 143.6 0.12 0.5 0.01

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Backfill Pressure

3.83 m

3.83 m
1.22 m

2.63 k/ft

1.28 m
1.83 m

 = 15.71 kN/m³ -20.05 kPa

 = 30°
3.52 m
3.83 m

c = 0 kPa
2m

1.17 m
2.23 k/ft
Lateral Earth Pressure
-18.45 kPa
Rankine Active Earth Pressure Theory
 30°
Ka = tan² 45° - = tan ² 45° - = 0.3333
2 2

a =  H Ka - 2 c Ka = 15.71 kN / m³ 3.83 m 0.3333 - 2 0 kPa 0.3333 = 20.05 kPa

P =  = 0° = 0° resultant force angle with horizontal

Lateral Earth Pressure (stem only)

a =  H Ka - 2 c Ka = 15.71 kN / m³ 3.52 m 0.3333 - 2 0 kPa 0.3333 = 18.45 kPa

P =  = 0° = 0° resultant force angle with horizontal

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Passive Pressure

2m

0.67 m
6.46 k/ft
2m

94.26 kPa
 = 15.71 kN/m³
 = 30°
c = 0 kPa

Lateral Earth Pressure

Rankine Passive Earth Pressure Theory
 30°
Kp = tan² 45° + = tan ² 45° + = 3.0
2 2

p =  H Kp + 2 c Kp = 15.71 kN / m³ 2 m 3.0 + 2 0 kPa 3.0 = 94.26 kPa

Wall/Soil Weights

1.95 k/ft
5.77 k/ft

2.22 k/ft
1.47 k/ft

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Bearing Pressure

e = 0.12 m

1.38 m
3.99 k/ft

42.18 kPa
69.07 kPa
11.41 k/ft
Friction
F=R = 0.350 11.41 k / ft = 3.99 k / ft

Bearing Pressure Calculation

Contributing Forces
Vert Force ...offset Horz Force ...offset OT Moment
Backfill Pressure -0 k/ft - -2.63 k/ft 1.28 m 11012 ft·lb/ft
Footing Weight -1.47 k/ft 1.5 m 0 k/ft - -7232.72 ft·lb/ft
Stem Weight -1.95 k/ft 1.35 m 0 k/ft - -8591.34 ft·lb/ft
Backfill Weight -5.77 k/ft 2.23 m 0 k/ft - -42243.56 ft·lb/ft
Soil over toe Weight -2.22 k/ft 0.61 m 0 k/ft - -4449.33 ft·lb/ft
-11.41 k/ft -51504.88 ft·lb/ft
- 51504.88 ft·lb / ft
= 1.38 m
- 11.41 k / ft

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Stability Checks [1.0D + 1.0H]

Overturning Check Sliding Check
Overturning Moments Sliding Force(s)
Force Distance Moment Backfill pressure 2.63 k/ft
Backfill pressure (horz) 2.63 k/ft 1.28 m 11012 ft·lb/ft Total: 2.63 k/ft
Total: 11012 ft·lb/ft Resisting Force(s)
Resisting Moments Passive pressure @ toe 6.46 k/ft
Force Distance Moment Friction 3.99 k/ft
Passive pressure @ toe 6.46 k/ft 0.67 m 14126 ft·lb/ft Total: 10.45 k/ft
Footing Weight -1.47 k/ft 1.5 m 7233 ft·lb/ft RF 10.45 k / ft
F.S. = = = 3.974 > 1.50 OK
Stem Weight -1.95 k/ft 1.35 m 8591 ft·lb/ft SF 2.63 k / ft
Backfill Weight -5.77 k/ft 2.23 m 42244 ft·lb/ft
Soil over toe Weight -2.22 k/ft 0.61 m 4449 ft·lb/ft
Total: 76643 ft·lb/ft
RM 76643 ft·lb / ft
F.S. = = = 6.960 > 1.50 OK
OTM 11012 ft·lb / ft

Bearing Capacity Check

Bearing pressure < allowable (69.07 kPa < 143.6 kPa) - OK
Bearing resultant eccentricity < allowable (0.12 m < 0.5 m) - OK

Wall Top Displacement

(based on unfactored service loads)
Deflection due to stem flexural displacement 0.005 m
Deflection due to rotation from settlement 0.002 m
Total deflection at top of wall (positive towards toe) 0.006 m

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Stem Flexural Capacity

Moment
4.74

4.27

3.79

3.32

2.85

2.37 Offset (m)

1.9

1.42

0.95

0.47

0
-90 -75 -60 -45 -30 -15 0
Moment (kN·m/m)

Capacity (ACI 318-14 11.5.2.2, »22.3, »22.2) @ 0 m from base

As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 192.1 mm - 29.88 mm / 2 = 83.77 kN·m / m

Capacity (ACI 318-14 11.5.2.2, »22.3, »22.2) @ 4.01 m from base

As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 192.1 mm - 29.88 mm / 2 = 83.77 kN·m / m

Capacity (ACI 318-14 11.5.2.2, »22.3, »22.2) @ 4.74 m from base

As fy 0 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 0 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 0 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 192.1 mm - 0 mm / 2 = 0 kN·m / m

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Stem Shear Capacity

Shear
4.74

4.27

3.79

3.32

2.85

2.37 Offset (m)

1.9

1.42

0.95

0.47

0
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Shear (kN/m)

Shear Capacity (ACI 318-14 11.5.5.1, 22.5.1.1, 22.5.5.1) @ 0 m from base

 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 20.69 MPa 192.1 mm = 145.1 kN / m

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 145.1 kN / m = 108.8 kN / m

Shear Capacity (ACI 318-14 11.5.5.1, 22.5.1.1, 22.5.5.1) @ 4.74 m from base
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 20.69 MPa 192.1 mm = 145.1 kN / m

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 145.1 kN / m = 108.8 kN / m

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Stem Development/Lap Length Calculations

Main vertical stem bars (bottom end) - Development Length Calculation (ACI 318-14 11.7.1.2, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.3)
e = 1.0 uncoated hooked bars
c = 0.70 based on side cover and extension cover
r = 1.0 no confining reinforcement
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
fy e c r 413.7 MPa 1.0 0.70 1.0
ldh = db = 22.23 mm = 34.08 cm
50  F'c 50 1.0 20.69 MPa
8 db = 8 22.23 mm = 7.0 minimum limit, does not control

Main vertical stem bars (top end) - Development Length Calculation (ACI 318-14 11.7.1.2, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.3)
t = 1.0 bars are not horizontal
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 1.0 bars are #7 or larger
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 304.8 mm / 2 = 152.4 mm
cover + db / 2 = 50.8 mm + 22.23 mm / 2 = 61.91 mm
cb = 61.91 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 61.91 mm + 0.0
= = 2.7857
db 22.23 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 413.7 MPa 1.0 1.0 1.0
ld = db = 22.23 mm = 73.04 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 20.69 MPa

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Toe Checks [1.2D + 1.6H]

Toe Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for toe need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mtoe = 28.19 kN·m / m < Mstem = 61.11 kN·m / m
Mu = 28.19 kN·m / m stem moment does not control
Flexure Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.2.1, »22.3, »22.2, 7.5.1.1a) 26.63-26.63 kPa (Soil)
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 7.18 kPa (Self-wt)

304.8 mm
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa #7 @ 304.8 mm
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 217.5 mm - 29.88 mm / 2 = 95.78 kN·m / m
Mn = 95.78 kN·m / m  Mu = 28.19 kN·m / m  69.07 kPa 58.12 kPa
Shear Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.3.1, »22.5.1, »22.5.5, 7.5.1.1b)
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 20.69 MPa 217.5 mm = 164.3 kN / m Toe Factored Loads

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 164.3 kN / m = 123.2 kN / m 1.2D + 1.6H
Vn = 123.2 kN / m  Vu = 36.84 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.3.3.1)
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi 43.57 kN/m
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 31.96-31.96 kPa (Soil)
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa 8.62 kPa (Self-wt)

304.8 mm
d 217.5 mm #7 @ 304.8 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0156
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850
t = 0.0156  0.004  82.88 kPa 69.74 kPa
Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 9.6.1) 82.88 kPa 69.74 kPa
Mn = 95.78 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 28.19 kN·m / m = 37.58 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 7.6.4.1, 24.4.3.2, 24.4.3.3)
AST 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
AST 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
= = 0.0018
fy 413.7 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0083  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 304.8 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.10)
Mu 28.19 kN·m / m
= = 0.2943 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 95.78 kN·m / m
t = 1.0 12 inches or less cast below - 3.00 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 1.0 bars are #7 or larger
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 304.8 mm / 2 = 152.4 mm
cover + db / 2 = 76.2 mm + 22.23 mm / 2 = 87.31 mm
cb = 87.31 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 87.31 mm + 0.0
= = 3.9286
db 22.23 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 413.7 MPa 1.0 1.0 1.0
ld = db = 22.23 mm = 73.04 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 20.69 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio 0.2943 per 25.4.10: ld = 21.5 cm
12 inch minimum controls
ld_prov = 169.8 cm  ld = 30.48 cm 
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Heel Checks [1.2D + 1.6H]

Heel Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for heel need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mheel = 86.7 kN·m / m  Mstem = 61.11 kN·m / m
Mu = 61.11 kN·m / m stem base moment controls

Flexure Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.2.1, »22.3, »22.2, 7.5.1.1a) 55.36 kPa (Soil weight)
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 7.18 kPa (Concrete self-wt)

304.8 mm
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa #7 @ 304.8 mm
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 242.9 mm - 29.88 mm / 2 = 107.8 kN·m / m
(neglect bearing pressure)
Mn = 107.8 kN·m / m  Mu = 61.11 kN·m / m 
Shear Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.3.1, »22.5.1, »22.5.5, 7.5.1.1b)
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 20.69 MPa 242.9 mm = 183.5 kN / m

Heel Factored Loads
Vn =  Vc = 0.750 183.5 kN / m = 137.6 kN / m 1.2D + 1.6H
Vn = 137.6 kN / m  Vu = 114.1 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.3.3.1)
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi
66.43 kPa (Soil weight)
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 29.88 mm 8.62 kPa (Concrete self-wt)

304.8 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
d 242.9 mm #7 @ 304.8 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0177
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850 (neglect bearing pressure)
t = 0.0177  0.004  114.1 kN/m
Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 9.6.1)
Mn = 107.8 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 61.11 kN·m / m = 81.48 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 7.6.4.1, 24.4.3.2, 24.4.3.3)
AST 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
A 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = ST = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
= = 0.0018
fy 413.7 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0083  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 304.8 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.10)
Mu 61.11 kN·m / m
= = 0.5670 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 107.8 kN·m / m
t = 1.0 12 inches or less cast below - 9.13 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 1.0 bars are #7 or larger
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 304.8 mm / 2 = 152.4 mm
cover + db / 2 = 50.8 mm + 22.23 mm / 2 = 61.91 mm
cb = 61.91 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 61.91 mm + 0.0
= = 2.7857
db 22.23 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 413.7 MPa 1.0 1.0 1.0
ld = db = 22.23 mm = 73.04 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 20.69 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio 0.5670 per 25.4.10: ld = 41.41 cm
ld_prov = 142.2 cm  ld = 41.41 cm 
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Stem Forces [1.2D + 1.6H]

Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces
Moment Shear
4.74 4.74

4.15 4.15

3.56 3.56

2.96 2.96

2.37 2.37

1.78 1.78

1.19 1.19

0.59 0.59
-29.53 kPa
52.02 kN/m
0 0
-70 -52.5 -35 -17.5 0 0 15 30 45 60
Moment (kN·m/m) Shear (kN/m)
-61.11 kN·m/m

Stem Joint Force Transfer

Location Force
@ stem base 52.02 kN/m

Stem Internal Forces

-29.53 kPa

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Stem Moment Checks [1.2D + 1.6H]

Moment
4.74

4.27

3.79

3.32

2.85

2.37 Offset (m)

1.9

1.42

0.95

0.47

0
-90 -75 -60 -45 -30 -15 0
Moment (kN·m/m)

Check (ACI 318-14 11.5.5.1b) @ 0 m from base

Mn = 83.77 kN·m / m  Mu = 61.11 kN·m / m 

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Stem Shear Checks [1.2D + 1.6H]

Shear
4.74

4.27

3.79

3.32

2.85

2.37 Offset (m)

1.9

1.42

0.95

0.47

0
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Shear (kN/m)

Shear Check (ACI 318-14 11.5.5.1c) @ 0 m from base

Vn = 108.8 kN / m  Vu = 52.02 kN / m 

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Stem Miscellaneous Checks [1.2D + 1.6H]

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.6.1) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 83.77 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 61.11 kN·m / m = 81.48 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.6.1) @ 4.74 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 0 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 0 kN·m / m = 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.3.3.1) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
d 192.1 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0134
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850
t = 0.0134  0.004 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.3.3.1) @ 4.74 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
d 192.1 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0134
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850
t = 0.0134  0.004 

Wall Horizontal Steel (ACI 318-14 11.6.1, 11.7.3)

As_horz / shorz 387.1 mm² / 304.8 mm
t = = = 0.0050
t 254 mm
t_min = 0.0025 bars larger than No. 5, or less than 60 ksi
t = 0.0050  t_min = 0.0025 
3 h = 3 254 mm = 762 mm
18 inch limit governs
shorz = 304.8 mm  shorz_max = 457.2 mm 

Development Check (ACI 318-14 11.7.1.2, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.10)

Mu 61.11 kN·m / m
= = 0.7295 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 83.77 kN·m / m
e = 1.0 uncoated hooked bars
c = 0.70 based on side cover and extension cover
r = 1.0 no confining reinforcement
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
fy e c r 413.7 MPa 1.0 0.70 1.0
ldh = db = 22.23 mm = 34.08 cm
50  F'c 50 1.0 20.69 MPa
Factoring ldh by the excess reinforcement ratio 0.7295 per 25.4.10: ldh = 24.87 cm
8 db = 8 22.23 mm = 7.0 minimum limit, does not control
ldh_prov = 22.86 cm < ldh = 24.87 cm 

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Toe Checks [1.4D]

Toe Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for toe need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mtoe = 32.89 kN·m / m  Mstem = - 0 kN·m / m
Mu = - 0 kN·m / m stem base moment controls
Flexure Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.2.1, »22.3, »22.2, 7.5.1.1a) 26.63-26.63 kPa (Soil)
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 7.18 kPa (Self-wt)

304.8 mm
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa #7 @ 304.8 mm
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 217.5 mm - 29.88 mm / 2 = 95.78 kN·m / m
Mn = 95.78 kN·m / m  Mu = - 0 kN·m / m  69.07 kPa 58.12 kPa
Shear Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.3.1, »22.5.1, »22.5.5, 7.5.1.1b)
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 20.69 MPa 217.5 mm = 164.3 kN / m Toe Factored Loads

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 164.3 kN / m = 123.2 kN / m 1.4D
Vn = 123.2 kN / m  Vu = 42.98 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.3.3.1)
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi 50.83 kN/m
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 37.28-37.28 kPa (Soil)
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa 10.06 kPa (Self-wt)

304.8 mm
d 217.5 mm #7 @ 304.8 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0156
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850
t = 0.0156  0.004  96.7 kPa 81.37 kPa
Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 9.6.1) 96.7 kPa 81.37 kPa
Mn = 95.78 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4/3 - 0 kN·m / m = - 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 7.6.4.1, 24.4.3.2, 24.4.3.3)
AST 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
AST 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
= = 0.0018
fy 413.7 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0083  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 304.8 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.10)
Mu - 0 kN·m / m
= = - 0.0 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 95.78 kN·m / m
t = 1.0 12 inches or less cast below - 3.00 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 1.0 bars are #7 or larger
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 304.8 mm / 2 = 152.4 mm
cover + db / 2 = 76.2 mm + 22.23 mm / 2 = 87.31 mm
cb = 87.31 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 87.31 mm + 0.0
= = 3.9286
db 22.23 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 413.7 MPa 1.0 1.0 1.0
ld = db = 22.23 mm = 73.04 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 20.69 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio - 0.0000 per 25.4.10: ld = - 0 cm
12 inch minimum controls
ld_prov = 169.8 cm  ld = 30.48 cm 
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Heel Checks [1.4D]

Heel Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for heel need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mheel = 101.1 kN·m / m  Mstem = - 0 kN·m / m
Mu = - 0 kN·m / m stem base moment controls
Flexure Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.2.1, »22.3, »22.2, 7.5.1.1a) 55.36 kPa (Soil weight)
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 7.18 kPa (Concrete self-wt)

304.8 mm
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
#7 @ 304.8 mm
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 242.9 mm - 29.88 mm / 2 = 107.8 kN·m / m
(neglect bearing pressure)
Mn = 107.8 kN·m / m  Mu = - 0 kN·m / m 
Shear Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.5.3.1, »22.5.1, »22.5.5, 7.5.1.1b)
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 20.69 MPa 242.9 mm = 183.5 kN / m Heel Factored Loads

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 183.5 kN / m = 137.6 kN / m 1.4D
Vn = 137.6 kN / m  Vu = 133.1 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 7.3.3.1)
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa 77.5 kPa (Soil weight)
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa 10.06 kPa (Concrete self-wt)

304.8 mm
d 242.9 mm #7 @ 304.8 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0177
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850
(neglect bearing pressure)
t = 0.0177  0.004 
Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 13.3.2.1, 9.6.1) 133.1 kN/m
Mn = 107.8 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4/3 - 0 kN·m / m = - 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 7.6.4.1, 24.4.3.2, 24.4.3.3)
AST 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
AST 304.8 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0083
t sST 304.8 mm 304.8 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
= = 0.0018
fy 413.7 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0083  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 304.8 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-14 13.2.8.1, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.10)
Mu - 0 kN·m / m
= = - 0.0 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 107.8 kN·m / m
t = 1.0 12 inches or less cast below - 9.13 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 1.0 bars are #7 or larger
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 304.8 mm / 2 = 152.4 mm
cover + db / 2 = 50.8 mm + 22.23 mm / 2 = 61.91 mm
cb = 61.91 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 61.91 mm + 0.0
= = 2.7857
db 22.23 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 413.7 MPa 1.0 1.0 1.0
ld = db = 22.23 mm = 73.04 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 20.69 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio - 0.0000 per 25.4.10: ld = - 0 cm
12 inch minimum controls
ld_prov = 142.2 cm  ld = 30.48 cm 
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Stem Forces [1.4D]

Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces
Moment Shear

0 kN/m

-0 kN·m/m

Stem Joint Force Transfer

Location Force
@ stem base 0 kN/m

Stem Internal Forces

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Stem Moment Checks [1.4D]

Moment
4.74

4.27

3.79

3.32

2.85

2.37 Offset (m)

1.9

1.42

0.95

0.47

0
-90 -75 -60 -45 -30 -15 0
Moment (kN·m/m)

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Stem Shear Checks [1.4D]

Shear
4.74

4.27

3.79

3.32

2.85

2.37 Offset (m)

1.9

1.42

0.95

0.47

0
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Shear (kN/m)

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Stem Miscellaneous Checks [1.4D]

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.6.1) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 83.77 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 0 kN·m / m = 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.6.1) @ 4.74 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 0 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 0 kN·m / m = 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 9.6.1.3 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.3.3.1) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
d 192.1 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0134
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850
t = 0.0134  0.004 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-14 9.3.3.1) @ 4.74 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
1 = 0.850 F'c  4000 psi
As fy 12.7 cm² / m 413.7 MPa
a= = = 29.88 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 20.69 MPa
d 192.1 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0134
a / 1 29.88 mm / 0.850
t = 0.0134  0.004 

Wall Horizontal Steel (ACI 318-14 11.6.1, 11.7.3)

As_horz / shorz 387.1 mm² / 304.8 mm
t = = = 0.0050
t 254 mm
t_min = 0.0025 bars larger than No. 5, or less than 60 ksi
t = 0.0050  t_min = 0.0025 
3 h = 3 254 mm = 762 mm
18 inch limit governs
shorz = 304.8 mm  shorz_max = 457.2 mm 

Development Check (ACI 318-14 11.7.1.2, 25.4.2.3, 25.4.10)

Mu 0 kN·m / m
= = 0.0 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 83.77 kN·m / m
e = 1.0 uncoated hooked bars
c = 0.70 based on side cover and extension cover
r = 1.0 no confining reinforcement
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
fy e c r 413.7 MPa 1.0 0.70 1.0
ldh = db = 22.23 mm = 34.08 cm
50  F'c 50 1.0 20.69 MPa
Factoring ldh by the excess reinforcement ratio 0.0000 per 25.4.10: ldh = 0 cm
8 db = 8 22.23 mm = 7.0
8db minimum controls
ldh_prov = 22.86 cm  ldh = 17.78 cm 

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