HISTORY OF COMPUTER

Inventor Machines
Tally Sticks
Invented in Babylonia (2400 BC) Abacus
John Napier Napier’s Bones
William Oughtred Slide Rule
Blaise Pascal Pascaline
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Stepped Reckoner
Joseph-Marie Jacquard Jacquard Loom
Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer
Charles Babbage Difference and Analytical Engine
Per Georg Scheutz Scheutzian Calculation Engine
Herman Holirith Tabulating Machine
Howard Aiken Harvard Mark 1
Konrad Zuse Z1
Professor John Atanasoff Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)
John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly ENIAC / UNIVAC 1

Computer
- is a programmable machine.
- a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions.
- is any device which aids humans in performing various kinds of computations or calculations.

Three principles characteristic of computer:

1. It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.
2. It can execute a pre-recorded list of instructions.
3. It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.

MICROSOFT WORD

- is a word processor software developed by Microsoft in 1983. It is the most commonly used word processor software.
It is used to create professional quality documents, letters, reports, resumes, etc. and also allows you to edit or modify
your new or existing document.

How to open MS Word?

Step 1: Type Ms Word in the search bar.
Step 2: Select Ms Word application.
Step 3: Select a blank document and press create button.

COMPONENTS OF MICROSOFT WORD (TABS)

1. File
It contains options related to the file, like New (used to create a new document), Open(used to open an existing document),
Save(used to save document), Save As(used to save documents), History, Print, Share, Export, Info, etc.
2. Home
It is the default tab of Ms Word and it is generally divided into five groups, i.e., Clipboard, Font, Paragraph, Style and
Editing. It allows you to select the color, font, emphasis, bullets, position of your text. It also contains options like cut,
copy, and paste.
3. Insert
It is the second tab present on the menu bar or ribbon. It contains various items that you may want to insert into a Microsoft
word. It includes options like tables, word art, hyperlinks, symbols, charts, signature line, date and time, shapes, header,
footer, text boxes, links, boxes, equations, etc.
4. Draw
It is the third tab present in the menu bar or ribbon. It is used for freehand drawing in Ms Word. It provides different types
of pens for drawing.
5. Design
It is the fourth tab present in the menu bar or ribbon. The design tab contains document designs that you can select, such as
documents with centered titles, offset headings, left-justified text, page borders, watermarks, page color, etc.
6. Layout
It is the fifth tab present on the menu bar or ribbon. It holds all the options that allow you to arrange your Microsoft Word
document pages just the way you want them. It includes options like set margins, display line numbers, set paragraph
indentation, and lines apply themes, control page orientation and size, line breaks, etc.
7. References
It is the sixth tab present in the menu bar or ribbon. The references tab lets you add references to a document, then create a
bibliography at the end of the text. The references are generally stored in a master list, which is used to add references to
further documents. It includes options like, Table of Contents, Footnotes, Citations & Bibliography, Captions, Index, Table
of Authorities, smart look, etc.

8. Mailings
It is the seventh tab present in the menu bar or ribbon. It is a least used tab in the menu bar. This tab is where you would create
labels, print them on envelopes, do mail merge, etc.

9. Review
It is the eighth tab present in the menu bar or ribbon. The review tab contains, commenting, language, translation, spell check,
word count tools. It is good for quickly locating and editing comments.

10. View
It is the ninth tab present in the menu bar or ribbon. View tab allows you to switch between single page or double page and
also allows you to control the layout tools It includes print layout, outline, web layout, task pane, toolbars, ruler, header and
footer, footnotes, full-screen view, zoom, etc. as shown in the below image:
 PARTS OF MICROSOFT WORD

1. Quick Access Toolbar

- allows you to add/remove frequently used commands.
2. Tittle Bar
- displays the name of the document you are currently using.
3. Ribbon
- contains all the commands needed in order to perform common tasks.
4. Office Button
- provides option to open, save, print any document, or perform other common functions.
5. Ruler
- gives you an idea of where you are on the page. It helps the user to align text, graphics, tables and other elements on
a page
6. Document
- this is what you are typing or what will print out.
7. Status Bar
- gives you important information about where you are in a document and which features are currently enabled.
8. Task Bar
- is the access point for programs displayed on the desktop, even if the program is minimized.
9. View Shortcuts
- allows you to change the way you view your document on the screen.
10. Zoom Slide
- allows you to increase or decrease the amount of the document you see on the screen.
11. Scroll Bar/s
- allows you to view the entire workbook by moving it up, down, left or right.
12. Screen Split Button
- allows you to split the Word window into two panes so that you can view two different parts of a document at the
same time.
13. Right Indent
- controls the space between the paragraph and the right margin.
14. Group
- lets you rotate, flip, move, or resize multiple shapes or objects as though they’re a single shape or object.
15. First Line Indent
- this triangle controls where the first line of the first line of a paragraph begins.
16. Hanging Indent
- the opposite of a first line indent. It is often moved to the right of the first lines of a paragraph to be indented
according to placement of the triangle.
 MICROSOFT WORD INTERFACE

 is a graphical user interface (GUI) that uses icons, menus, and windows to provide access to the features and functions
of the program. It allows users to easily navigate and access documents, tools, and features.
 It also includes options for formatting, editing, and creating documents.
 It is designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, making it simple to use for anyone familiar with computers.

QUICK ACCESS TOOLBAR

 Let’s you access common commands no matter which tab is selected. By default, it includes the Save, Undo, and
Redo commands.

How to add commands to the Quick Access Toolbar:

• 1. Click the drop-down arrow to the right of the Quick Access Toolbar
• 2. Select the command you want to add from the menu.
• 3. The command will be added to the Quick Access Toolbar.

TELL ME
 Allows you to search for commands, which is especially helpful if you don’t remember where to find a specific
command.

COMMAND GROUP
 Each group contains a series of different command. Simply click an command to apply it.

MICROSOFT ACCOUNT
 You can access your Microsoft account information, view your profile, and switch accounts.

THE RULER
 Located at the top and the left of your document. IT makes it easier to make alignment and spacing adjustments.

To show or hide the Ruler:

• 1. Click the View tab.
• 2. 2. Click the checkbox next to Ruler to show or hide the Ruler.

DOCUMENT PANE
 This is where you’ll type and edit text in the document.

SCROLL BAR
 Click and drag the vertical scroll bar to move up and down through the pages of your document.

PAGE AND WORD COUNT

 You can quickly see the number of words and pages in your document.

DOCUMENT VIEWS
 This is the way you view your documents.

• Read mode – displays document in full-screen.

• Print Layout – displays the way it would appear on the printed page.
• Web Layout – shows how your document would look as a webpage.

ZOOM CONTROL
 Click and drag the slider to use the zoom control. The number to the right of the slide bar reflects the zoom
percentage.

THE RIBBON
 Contains multiple tabs, which you can find near the top of the Word window.

Showing and hiding the Ribbon

• Click the Ribbon Display Options arrow in the upper-right corner of the Ribbon.
• Select the desired option from the drop-down menu.

• Auto-hide Ribbon
Hide the Ribbon. Click at the top of the application to show it.
• Show Tabs
 Show Ribbon tabs only. Click a tab to show the commands.
• Show Tabs and Commands
• Show Ribbon tabs and commands all the time.

BACKSTAGE VIEW
 Gives you various options for saving, opening a file, printing, and sharing your document. You can use the arrow to
close the backstage view and return to word.

Info
 Contains information on the current document.
New
 You can create a new blank document, or you can choose from a large selection of templates.
Open
 You can open documents saved to your computer or to your OneDrive.
Save and Save As
 Save documents to your computer or to your OneDrive.
Print
 You can change the print settings and print your document.
Share
 You can invite people to view and collaborate on your document.
Export
 You can export your document in another file format, such as PDF/XPS
Close
 Click here to close the current document.
Account
 You can access your Microsoft account information, modify your theme and background, and sign out of your
account.
Options
 You can change various Word options. For example, you can control the spelling and grammar check settings,
AutoRecover setting, and language preferences.
 USES OF MICROSOFT WORD

1. Used in Education

MS Word is the best teaching tool that teachers have adapted for teaching, especially in colleges and universities. This package
allows teachers to create lecture notes, using important features such as word art, images, and colors, to create differentiation.
This improves the creativity in students as they can watch colorful and informative slides or printed documents moving
captivatingly.

2. Used in home-based projects

Most birthday and wedding invitation cards are used using the MS Word package. In addition to that, you can use it in storing
important data such as your shopping list. This is important because anytime you want to go shopping, you will not stress over
what to buy and what to forgo. Everything is saved on your MS Word document.

3. Used in getting a job

With the increase in technological advancements, many companies want to ensure that their employees are competent and are
familiar with the MS Word package. If you are well conversant with this package, you will qualify for the vacant position that
requires an individual with Microsoft word skills.

4. Writing assignments and resumes

Most colleges and universities require their students to complete their assignments using the Microsoft word package. MS
Word makes it easy to write and format documents such as aligning titles to the center, font styles, and paragraphs.

5. Creation of articles and books

All the famous book and article writers use Microsoft word in writing their documents. Writing a book in MS Word is easy and
it provides you with various features, which allows you to format and print the document.

6. Converting, editing and transcribing files

Microsoft word allows you to convert a PDF file into a readable word document that is easy to access and read. In addition to
that, you can edit your files, insert different features, and send it to your desired recipient. You can also transcribe a video into
a word document, copy and edit other pre-written books.

7. Starting online and offline businesses

Now you are familiar with the different uses of Microsoft word. You can start small businesses such as writing articles for
people as they pay you. In addition to that, you can also create your online website where people can easily reach you and
purchase your products or services. Lastly, you can also buy a printer and start printing documents for students, from your
Microsoft word package at a fee.
 KEYBOARD CONTROL KEYS

 Ctrl A – Highlight all or Select all Ctrl B – Bold highlighted font

 Ctrl C – Copy all selected text or another object Ctrl D – Open font window in Microsoft word
 Ctrl E – Centre Alignment text Ctrl F – open Find window
 Ctrl G – open find in a browser and word processor Ctrl H – open the find and Replace
 Ctrl I – Italics / Italicize text Ctrl J – Justify
 Ctrl K – Hyperlink Ctrl L – Left Alignment
 Ctrl M – Tab Ctrl N – New
 Ctrl O – Open Ctrl P – Print
 Ctrl Q – Convert to Curve Ctrl R – Right Alignment
 Ctrl S – Save Ctrl T – Paragraph
 Ctrl U – Underline Ctrl V – Paste
 Ctrl W – Close Window Ctrl X – Cut
 Ctrl Y – Redo Ctrl Z – Undo

Creating and Opening Documents

To create a new blank document:

1. Select the File tab to access Backstage view.
2. Select New, then click Blank document.

To create a new document from a template:

1. Click the File tab to access Backstage view, then select New.
2. Several templates will appear below the Blank document option. You can also use the search bar to find something more
specific. In our example, we'll search for a flyer template.
3. When you find something you like, select a template to preview it.
4. A preview of the template will appear. Click Create to use the selected template.
5. A new document will appear with the selected template.

To open an existing document:

1. Navigate to Backstage view, then click Open.
2. Select This PC, then click Browse. You can also choose OneDrive to open files stored on your OneDrive.
3. The Open dialog box will appear. Locate and select your document, then click Open.
4. The selected document will appear.

To pin a document:
1. Navigate to Backstage view, click Open, then select Recent.
2. A list of recently edited documents will appear. Hover the mouse over the document you want to pin, then click
the pushpin icon.
3. The document will stay in the Recent documents list until it is unpinned. To unpin a document, click the pushpin icon again.

To convert a document:
1. Click the File tab to access Backstage view, then locate and select the Convert command.
2. A dialog box will appear. Click OK to confirm the file upgrade.
3. The document will be converted to the newest file type.