SIMPLIFYING EQUATIONS

Supplementary Discussion

a. -1.512 c. -1.953
SIMPLIFYING EQUATIONS b. 1.512 d. 1.953
19. If log 𝑥 2 + log 2 𝑥 = 2, then x equals?
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following a. 1 c. 4
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box b. 2 d. -2
on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES 20. log 6 + 𝑥 log 4 = log 4 + log(32 + 4𝑥 )
ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only. a. 3 c. 1
b. 2 d. 4
Simplifying and Combining Like Terms
21. Evaluate 100!/70!
1. 2
3x + 5x 2 a. 7.0517 x 1056 c. 7.7911 x 1057
2. 7x + 5 – 3x b. 7.1029 x 1055 d. 7.2516 x 1058
3. 6y2 + 11y + 8y2 – 15y
Miscellaneous Problems
4. 2x2 – 3x + 7 – 3x2 + 4x – 7
Situation 1: Given the following:
Distributive Property
3𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 24
5. 3(2x – 5) + 5(3x + 6) Ans. 21x + 15
2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 13
Solving Equations 22. Solve for x.
a. 2 c. 5
Solve for x in the following equations: b. 3 d. 6
23. Solve for y.
6. x + 5 = 12 a. 2 c. 5
7. x – 11 = 19 b. 3 d. 6
8. 5x = –25
𝑥 Situation 2: Given the following:
9. =3
5
10. 3𝑥 + 7 = 49 𝑥+𝑦+𝑧 =2
6𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 31
Exponents
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 13
Laws of Exponents
24. Solve for x.
Product Rule 𝑥 𝑚 ∙ 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑚+𝑛
a. 1 c. –4
𝑥𝑚
Quotient Rule = 𝑥 𝑚−𝑛 b. –2 d. 3
𝑥𝑛
Power of a Power Rule (𝑥 )𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑚𝑛
𝑚 25. Solve for y.
Power of a Product Rule (𝑥𝑦)𝑚 = 𝑥 𝑚 𝑦 𝑚 a. 1 c. –4
𝑥 𝑚 𝑥𝑚 b. –2 d. 3
Power of a Quotient Rule ( ) = 𝑚 26. Solve for z.
𝑦 𝑦
a. 1 c. –4
Zero Exponent Rule 𝑥0 = 1
1 b. –2 d. 3
Negative Exponent Rule 𝑥 −𝑚 = 𝑚 27. Solve for x and y.
𝑥
𝑛
Fractional Exponent Rule 𝑥 𝑚/𝑛 = √𝑥 𝑚 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2 = 74
2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 73
Solve for x:
Simplifying Trigonometric Identities
11. 8x = 2(y + 2) and 16(3x – y) = 4y Ans. 2 cos 𝜃
4(𝑛+2)−24[4(𝑛−1) ] 28. + tan 𝜃
sin 𝜃+1
12. 𝑥= Ans. ¼
10[4(𝑛+1)] a. cos 𝜃 c. 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝜽
4 b. csc 𝜃 d. cot 𝜃
13. √8 3√2 √8𝑥 = 2 Ans. 2 2 sin 𝛽 cos 𝛽−cos 𝛽
29.
1−sin 𝛽+sin2 𝛽−cos2 𝛽
a. 𝐜𝐨𝐭 𝜷 c. sin2 𝛽
b. tan 𝛽 d. cos 𝛽
sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥−1
30. +
cos 𝑥+1 sin 𝑥
Laws of Logarithms
a. 0 c. cos 𝑥
Log of 1 log 𝑏 1 = 0
b. 1 d. –1
Log of the same number as base log 𝑏 𝑏 = 1
Product rule log 𝑚 + log 𝑛 = log(𝑚𝑛)
𝑚
Quotient rule 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑚 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑛 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
𝑛 Exercise Problems:
Power rule log 𝑏 𝑚𝑛 = 𝑛 log 𝑏 𝑚
Solve for x:
Equality rule log 𝑏 𝑎 = log 𝑏 𝑐 → 𝑎 = 𝑐
Number raised to log 𝑏log𝑏 𝑥 = 𝑥 1. 3x – 5 = 2x + 9 Ans. 14
1 2. 4(x – 3) = 7 – 2x Ans. 19/6
Reciprocal log 𝑎 𝑏 =
log 𝑏 𝑎 𝟑±𝒊√𝟑𝟏
log 𝑎 3. 5x2 – 3x + 2 = 0 Ans.
𝟏𝟎
log 𝑏 𝑎 = 3 4
log 𝑏 4. = Ans. 10
𝑥−1 𝑥+2
Note: 5. 3 log 2(𝑥) − 2 log 2(𝑥 + 4) = log 2(8)
𝐀𝐧𝐬. 𝟏𝟑. 𝟒𝟔𝟎𝟗, −𝟐. 𝟕𝟑𝟎 ± 𝟏. 𝟒𝟑𝟑𝐢
Common (Brigssian) Logarithm
log 𝑥 = log10 𝑥

Natural (Naperian) Logarithm

ln 𝑥 = log 𝑒 𝑥

14. Determine the characteristic of log(405.31).

a. 2 c. 0.607787319
b. 0.62805308 d. 405
15. Determine the mantissa of log(405.31).
a. 2 c. 0.607787319
b. 0.62805308 d. 405
16. Determine the antilogarithm of 2.48.
a. 301.995 c. 48.20
b. 103.995 d. 248.00
17. Solve x in the equation 3𝑥 = 69.
a. 3.05 c. 5.83
b. 3.50 d. 3.85
18. Determine the value of 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 𝑦 if log 𝑦 𝑥 = 0.512.

Engr. Sean Kenneth Anthony B. Pamintuan, CE, MP, ME-1