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ESS Command Terms

This document provides definitions for key terms used to describe various cognitive skills in problem solving and analysis. It defines terms such as analyze, annotate, apply, calculate, comment, compare and contrast, construct, deduce, define, demonstrate, derive, describe, determine, discuss, distinguish, and estimate.

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Second Vynil
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15 views

ESS Command Terms

This document provides definitions for key terms used to describe various cognitive skills in problem solving and analysis. It defines terms such as analyze, annotate, apply, calculate, comment, compare and contrast, construct, deduce, define, demonstrate, derive, describe, determine, discuss, distinguish, and estimate.

Uploaded by

Second Vynil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analyse

Breakdown in order to bring out the essential


elements or structure.

Annotate
Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.
Apply
Use an idea, equation, principle, theory or law
in relation to a given problem or issue.
Calculate
Obtain a numerical answer showing the
relevant stages of working.

Comment
Give a judgment based on a given statement
or result of a calculation.

Compare and Contrast


Give an account of similarities and differences between two
(or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them
throughout.

Construct
Display information in a diagrammatic or
logical form.
Deduce
Reach a conclusion from the information
given.

Define
Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase,
concept or physical quantity.
Demonstrate
Make clear by reasoning or evidence,
illustrating with examples or practical
application.
Derive
Manipulate a mathematical relationship to
give a new equation or relationship.

Describe
Give a detailed account.
Design
Produce a plan, simulation or model.

Determine
Obtain the only possible answer.

Discuss
Offer a considered and balanced review that
includes a range of arguments, factors or
hypotheses. Opinions or conclusions should be
presented clearly and supported by
appropriate evidence.
Distinguish
Make clear the differences between two or
more concepts or items.
Draw
Represent by means of a labelled, accurate diagram or graph,
using a pencil. A ruler (straight edge) should be used for
straight lines. Diagrams should be drawn to scale. Graphs
should have points correctly plotted (if appropriate) and
joined in a straight line or smooth curve.

Estimate
Obtain an approximate value.
Evaluate
Make an appraisal by weighing up the
strengths and limitations.
Examine
Consider an argument or concept in a way
that uncovers the assumptions and
interrelationships of the issue.

Explain
Give a detailed account, including reasons or
causes.

Identify
Provide an answer from a number of
possibilities.
Interpret
Use knowledge and understanding to
recognise trends and draw conclusions from
given information.
Justify
Provide evidence to support or defend a
choice, decision, strategy or course of action.
Label
Add labels to a diagram.
List
Give a sequence of brief answers with no
explanation.
Measure
Obtain a value for a quantity.

Outline
Give a brief account of sumary.
Predict
Give an expected result.
Sketch
Represent by means of a diagram or graph
(labelled as appropriate). The sketch should
give a general idea of the required shape or
relationship and should include relevant
features.

State
Give a specific name, value, or other brief
answers without explanation or calculation.

Suggest
Propose a solution, hypothesis or other
possible answers.
To what extent
Consider the merits or otherwise of an
argument or concept. Opinions and
conclusions should be presented clearly and
supported with appropriate evidence and
sound argument.

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