Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan- JONELTA

Basic Education Department – Senior High School

EFFECTS OF USING MESSENGER ON SOCIAL INTERACTION AMONG GRADE 12

STEM STUDENTS OF PERPETUAL HELP COLLEGE OF PANGASINAN

A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School
Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan- JONELTA
Malasiqui, Pangasinan

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 2

Researchers
Loraine Jillian V. Evangelista
Venus C. Andaya
Mae Marie G. Carpiz
Diane Denielle C. Cayabyab
Samantha Jewell D. De Vera
Herald N. Infante
Ryza Jasmine M. Quiroz
Jericho P. Ramirez

ALLAN D. ERGUIZA, LPT

Research Teacher

March, 2024
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Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

The way of living changes along with technological progress. For the majority of

individuals, using technology for sharing and communication is incredibly convenient. One of

the widely use social networking sites in the Philippines for communication is Messenger. It

contains a variety of functions, including sharing files and images, video chats, voice messages,

and video calls. Students frequently use this to interact with friends, family, etc.

Typically, the term “Messenger” refers to the Facebook messaging platform that enables

users to call and text their networks and spectators. An internet program, the messenger app

enables two or more people to speak privately to one another. Releasing more messaging apps,

this communication technology surpasses SMS and MMS as the most popular way to send text

messages. There are billions of users of messaging applications worldwide. WhatsApp which has

more than 2 billion active users, and Facebook Messenger, which has 1.3 billion users, are two of

the most popular messaging apps (SocialPilot, 2014).

Messenger also contributes to the continuous search for knowledge, news, insights, and

distant connections among students. With the emergence of social media, users are now free to

communicate and exchange news and information without the concern for barriers like cost,

distance, or time (Soliha, 2015). Distance and time are no longer issues, particularly for students

who live distant from their parents and other family members or when emergency meetings are

in need. Messenger is free and it is really accessible. The convenience in messaging other people
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is evident because of continuous chats that you can reply without costing you much of money,

time, and effort.

Despite its many benefits, it can still have certain disadvantages if using it excessively.

This case illustrates how virtual world affects teenagers daily interpersonal interactions in the

real world (Baxter et al., 2008). Even though it can make communication easier and faster, the

ability to interact with others and build connections with them physically can be endless.

This shows that students have been unconsciously facing Messenger’s influence that can

hinder social interaction. Using Messenger has its advantages and disadvantages. Most

researchers recommend that further studies are necessary in proving the effects of Messenger on

Senior High School students. Therefore, researchers have the interest in researching Messenger’s

influence on social interaction and its effects among Grade 12 STEM students at Perpetual Help

College of Pangasinan.

Theoretical Framework

This research supports the Critical Mass Theory by Oliver et al. (1985) together with

Social Presence Theory by Short et al. (1976). The first aspect of Critical Mass Theory is that

after a certain number of individuals gather or enter a situation, things change. When reaching a

particular minimal level of usage, the adoption or use of a new technology quickly accelerates.

Due to a person’s use of technology must be consistent with that of his or her communication

partners, critical mass is crucial when choosing means of communication. If the parties in a
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communication use different technologies, the benefits of employing a communication tool, such

as instant messaging, cannot be possible. However, rather of taking into consideration the real

number of users, a person might choose to use communication technology according on their

perception of that number. On the other hand, Social Presence Theory by Short et al. (1976)

claims that in mediated communication, a person is a “real person”. The social psychology

concepts of intimacy (such as by proximity to one another, eye contact, smiling, and personal

discussion topics) and immediacy (determining the medium’s ability to transmit information) can

connect when it comes to social presence. Short et al. (1976) also states that communication is

effective if the communication medium has the proper social presence for the level of

interpersonal interaction. Perceiving how media can affect social presence, how it receives

information systems, and how it selects communication partners. Therefore, media with strong

social presence aids in developing intimate interpersonal relationships.

Figure 1. The Conceptual Model of Critical Mass Theory (Oliver et al., 1985)
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sociability

mental social social social space

model presence interaction

pedagogical = affecting
techniques = reinforcing

Figure 2. The Social Presence Theory (Short et al., 1970)

Operational Framework

This study supports the Critical Mass Theory by Oliver et al. (1985) and the Social

Presence Theory by Short et al. (1976). The Critical Mass Theory’s fundamental principle is that

a certain number of users may influence the vast majority to use such technological advances in

communication. When deciding on a medium of communication, critical mass is crucial. While

the central concept of Social Presence Theory on the other hand pertains to the effective

communication one is having due to higher and proper social presence specifically when using

computer-mediated communication channels.

•••
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INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Respondent’s
Profile
Survey Effects of Using
o Age Questionnaire Messenger on Social
o Sex Interaction
o Section
o

Figure 3. Operational model showing the relationship between the variables.

Figure 3 shows the operational model showing the relationship between the variables.

First, the input which shows the respondents profile in terms of age, sex, section, and hours spent

in using Messenger. In addition, it can fulfill the process in a similar matter using survey

questionnaire by the respondents which are the Grade 12 STEM students. Lastly, the output

determines the effects of using messenger on social interaction.

Statement of the Problem

In aiming to know the effects of using messenger as a social interaction of Grade 12

STEM students of Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan, it seeks to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of;

1.1 Age;
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1.2 Sex;

1.3 Section;

1.4 Hours spent in using messenger;

2. What level of effectiveness do the respondents experience while using Messenger for social

interaction?

2.1 Highly effective;

2.2 Effective;

2.3 Moderately effective;

2.4 Not effective;

2.5 Not effective at all;

3. How effective is using Messenger on social interaction for students in terms of:

3.1 Accessibility;

3.2 Convenience;

3.3 Advancement; and

3.4 Entertainment?

4. Based on the research, is Messenger a safe application for social interaction?

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Hypothesis of the Study

To answer the main problem, the researchers formulated the following descriptive hypothesis:

There is an effectiveness of using messenger on social interaction on Grade 12 STEM

students.

Assumption of the Study

In conducting the study, the following assumptions are likely to happen:

1. Using the following factors to determine the respondents' socio-demographic profile:

1.1 Age;

1.2 Sex;

1.3 Section;

1.4 Hours spent in using messenger;

2. The respondents experience highly effective, effective or moderately effective when using

messenger as social interaction.

3. Messenger is effective to use because of its accessibility, convenience, advancement, and

entertainment for social interaction of students.

4. It is safe to use Messenger as social interaction if used properly.

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Scope and Delimitation

The purpose of the study is to know the effects of using messenger as an online

interaction of Grade 12 STEM students. The profile of the respondents includes age, sex, section

and hours spent in using messenger. The respondents of this study consist of Grade 12 STEM

students in Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan during the Academic Year 2023-2024

choosing students from three sections to prevent bias and unfair decisions.

Significance of the Study

This study determines the effects of using messenger on social interaction of students.

Parents. Understanding the effects of Messenger on social interaction among Grade 12 STEM

students can empower parents to guide their children in utilizing digital communication

platforms responsibly, fostering a balance between online and offline interactions.

Teachers. Teachers can gain insights into the evolving dynamics of student socialization,

enabling them to incorporate relevant digital communication skills into the educational

framework, promoting effective communication both in and outside the classroom.

Students. Grade 12 STEM students can benefit by recognizing the impact of Messenger on their

social interactions. This awareness may encourage responsible digital communication habits,

contributing to a healthier balance between virtual and face-to-face interactions.

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Researchers. This study contributes to the academic understanding of the influence of

Messenger on social dynamics among students. Researchers can build upon these findings to

explore broader implications for educational technology and social behavior.

Future Researchers. The study sets the foundation for future researchers to search deeper into

the realm of digital communication's impact on social interaction. It sparks avenues for

continuous exploration and provides a basis for developing interventions or strategies to enhance

positive online engagement among students.

Definition of Terms

The definition of the following terms in this study are in conceptual and operational form to

deeply understand the information.

Communication is an act of giving, receiving, and sharing information. In other words, talking

or writing, and listening or reading. This study focuses on how students exchange information or

interact using Messenger and how it affects their social interaction.

Critical Mass is the idea that needs a certain number of users for a product in order to be

successful. It is one of the theoretical frameworks in this study.

Instant Messaging is a form of text communication in which two persons participate in a single

conversation over their computers or mobile devices within an Internet chatroom. Messenger is

an instant messaging feature in Facebook.

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Messenger is a mobile app that enables chat, voice and video communications between the

social media site’s web messaging and smartphones. In this study, it is the independent variable

to look for when it comes to the effects of using it on social interaction.

Social Interaction is a social exchange between two or more individuals. These interactions

form the basis for social structure and therefore are a key object of basic social inquiry and

analysis. In this study, it is the dependent variable to calculate while using Messenger.

Social Presence refers to the degree to which one perceives the presence of participants in the

communication. This differentiates social presence between face-to-face interactions and

computer-mediated communication channels. It is also one of the theoretical frameworks of this

research.

Technology is a branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and

their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as

industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure. When interacting through Messenger, we

are using technology.

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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter reviewed related studies and literature in order to formally understand and

support the study. In addition, a summary of reviewed related literature, a summary of reviewed

related studies, and a list of gaps that are necessary for future discussion.

State of Art

The researchers provide a comprehensive overview of the topic by presenting literature

and studies from both local and foreign sources. To give a thorough background of the study and

enhance the additional knowledge that this study provides, presenting related concepts, findings,

and notions from scholarly research and articles.

Review of Related Literature

Foreign Literature

Features of Messenger

The most common way that young people communicate these days is through mobile

instant messaging. Aside from synchronous communication, such as phone calls and video chats,

it also allows users to decide whether and when to join in on the conversation after receiving a

notification when a message arrives. Some students still favor restricting it on social situations.

The notifications occasionally bother and distracts the students (Tang & Hew, 2022).
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According to Yohanna (2020), social media has a positive impact on students by enabling

them to connect with each other virtually, build relationships, access digital books, and more.

However, because students tend to focus on their social media, its negative impacts on student

social interactions are lessening the intensity of direct interaction. Students cannot improve their

skills at interacting with their environment directly as a result of these negative influences.

Since computer-mediated communication (CMC) does not rely on non-verbal cues or

facial expressions, it is generally a medium that is more relevant to the workplace. But emoticons

help CMC become a more entertaining platform. Emoticons are images that convey emotion.

They allow people to inject humor and emotion into online conversations, increasing users'

enjoyment and sense of play.

In addition, it demonstrates that play between friends increases the emotional capital of a

relationship. As a result, it's possible that on an online platform, it improves friends' bonds in

perceiving humor in mobile instant messaging. Hence, the lasting nature of mobile instant

messaging and the resulting social connectedness among users strongly influences in perceiving

amusement (Tseng, 2017).

Widodo & Pratitis (2013) states that one of the main needs of society today is social

media. This occurs as a result of social media's feature that facilitates connection between users

without regard to time or place limitations. Social media plays a crucial role in meeting needs

because, as students, they also depend on it to communicate with lecturers and other students.

The positive impact of social media is growth of friendships, informational media, a location for

skill development, and chances to connect with people who struggle with social anxiety.
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However, its negative impact is it makes students care less about their environment. In many

real-life situations that occur on a daily basis, students are more attentive with social media

activities while congregating in groups. They no longer engage in direct social interaction with

one another. Each person's attention diverts from their initial goal of discussing or simply

chatting, as a result of their social media usage. Instead of having to engage with the real world

directly in front of them, it occupies students more of their lives virtually on social media.

Local Literature

Effects of Messenger on Filipinos

In the Philippines, using social media has disadvantages as well. Sharing hate speech and

misleading information using social media can cause conflict and violence. Terrorist and

criminals are also using it to plan and execute attacks. Some benefits of it is that it increases

connectivity, which enables people to discuss ideas and experiences with their peers; information

access, which gives users access to news and updates in real time from around the globe, which

can be helpful for staying current and up to date on the latest happenings; and improve

communication, which offers a quick and simple means for people to connect with one another

and discuss topics of interest and chances for self-expression so that people can express

themselves without worrying about other people's opinions or judgment. Some of its negative

effects are addiction, too much in internet activities, and ignoring important aspects of daily life

like job or education. Sharing personal information online carries some risks, like the possibility

of identity theft or too much attention. Overall, social media can be a very useful tool for
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connecting Filipinos with the rest of the world and with each other, but it's important to know the

possible risks and how to use it responsibly (Camella, 2023).

According to Caparas (2023), one of the best, if not the most effective means of

communication in the world is social media. Its surges in popularity have affected people's daily

lives as well as their communication styles. Social media connects both the virtual and real

worlds, facilitating connections for everything from food and medicine to employment and

education. There were 4.26 billion social media users worldwide, according to Statista. In a

wider regional context, the Philippines led the world in social media consumption rate in 2021.

The average daily use in the nation was over four hours, which is 60% more than usual.

Globally, WhatsApp is the most common messaging app, however the Philippines

prefer Facebook Messenger. Out of all the active users in the nation, WhatsApp comes in fourth

place.

The COVID-19 pandemic didn’t stop rumors from spreading on different chat apps,

despite their best efforts to suppress misinformation. They might inflict violence in the real

world. This shows that although it is effective and helpful for engaging with others, it might also

be a means for people to quickly disseminate incorrect information to everyone. (Tantuco, 2021).

According to Guerrero et. al., (2018), in an effort to enhance social interactions and add

additional layers to conversations, Messenger is expanding its "M" suggestions to the

Philippines. Currently, 13 countries can access the automatic virtual assistant. This is one of

Messenger's features that facilitates communication between users by recommending relevant

content and tools to improve how people interact and complete tasks. In group conversations, it
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offers suggestions such as sending amusing stickers like "thank you" or "bye," sharing your

location in case someone asks where you are, starting a poll when you're having trouble

deciding, wishing someone a happy birthday, and so on. M makes use of machine learning to

recognize intent and recommend actions that enable users to efficiently moderate their

discussions and maintain open lines of communication.

Review of Related Studies

Foreign Studies

Messenger as the Main Mode of Communication

Binesh et. al. (2023) presents the essential social media capacity (usefulness) at the

personal level of young people in connection to their contribution to developing social

engagement, which substantially improves social outcomes. The authors also investigate the

moderating function of individual social technology fit in the fitting paradigms by taking into

account the social aspects of social media technology, which can also primarily influence the

value from the online social network. The study comes to the conclusion that young people's

involvement with current events are gradually increasing through the use of social media tools as

an interactive and beneficial mechanism for overall cognitive and social well-being. When social

technologies and individual social demands matches properly, people feel more positive in

participation.
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While Springer link (2021) states that in higher education institutions, the usage of instant

messaging groups for diverse academic objective is a growing trend that has not receive much

attention. Investigating the usage pattern of three different kinds of academic instant messaging

groups in this study. Among university students, social media have also become an important

medium for communication and collaboration in relation to academic activities, which instant

messaging (IM) applications. The use of instant messaging among university students with

particular emphasis on the formation and adaption, creating the effects of multi-user IM groups

for academic purposes.

A study from The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology (2017) asserts that

students positively perceive their interaction with peers on Facebook for learning purposes.

Facebook allows them to exchange information, ask questions, and discuss course content,

improving their understanding and academic achievement. Students believe that Facebook

discussions can aid in their comprehension of course content, and they are open to working more

independently and exercising greater authority over their online education platform. This

contrasts with prior research, which found only 5% of graduates and students felt Facebook was

primarily for cooperative effort.

Malik & Rafiq (2016) assert that the benefits of social media include the growth of

friendships, access to knowledge, a location for skill development, and chances to connect with

others who struggle with social anxiety. Social media can facilitate online learning and

discussion as well as make it simpler to obtain information and conduct transactions. Everything,

including news on weather, disasters, sports, and entertainment. Their social media accounts

provide information to the public.

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Local Studies

How Filipinos Use Messenger

Due to Facebook Messenger's free texting and video chatting features, the majority of

social media users utilize it as a messaging app. Thus, using Facebook Messenger as a

communication tool for academic purposes is not a surprise. This study reveals that Facebook

Messenger provides a channel for academic skills, task needs, and their main technology in using

it as a communication tool for academic inquiries. It is a channel for academic skills since it

encourages teacher-student interaction, makes collaboration easier, and has easy-to-use features.

Also, Facebook Messenger fills for their task-need as it helps them conduct group discussion,

convenient submission, have clear instruction, and task clarity. Finally, it shows evidence that

the platform is their main technology because of its ability to function as an alternative, file-

sharing platform, a storage option for preference, up-to-date reminder, and a convenient tool for

communication (Pedroso et. al., 2023).

Chua & Luyun (2019) states the advantages and disadvantages of using social media in

tertiary students. The majority of students are female, and they fall between the 20–21 age range.

Facebook Messenger, Twitter and Instagram. The students are using those top three social media

platforms. While the researchers examine social media's advantages and disadvantages on the

values of young adults, there is a substantial influence on the students, particularly for real-world

and academic objectives insights. The results indicate that pupils should utilize it to either utilize
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it to augment their studies instead of having the customary conversation with friends, in the

library the entire time.

Nearly everyone is familiar with social media, particularly teenagers and students who

actively leads the majority of users on social media application. As technological advancements

keep growing and growing, social media is having an impact on students' social and cognitive

abilities. Social skills make communication and engagement easier along with others. It is an

ability a person possesses to collaborate and cooperate with one another using nonverbal cues

like signals and body language. Social media offers a quick and practical way to interact,

connect, and enhance students' cognitive skills (Magmanlac et. al., 2018).

According to a study from Centro Escolar University-Malolos (2014), 48.6% of their

respondents have adequate academic achievement, while 51.4% of respondents have grade

averages that are below average. The study discovers that students' academic performance

greater impacts when they switch their attention from schoolwork to social media use. Lower-

achieving students use social media more frequently, whereas those who rarely use it focus on

their academic work and get good scores.

Synthesis of Reviewed Related Literature

Social media connects both the virtual and real worlds, facilitating connections for

everything from food and medicine to employment and education says Caparas (2023). Users

can choose whether and when to join a conversation after receiving a notification thanks to the

capabilities of Messenger, according to Tang & Hew (2022). The notification, however, irritates
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and distracts them. The Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences (2020) lists the advantages of

social media for social interaction, including the ability to connect digitally and for the

development of relationships, as well as disadvantages, including less opportunity for in-person

connection. Furthermore, Tseng (2017) notes that it is more practical for use in the workplace.

When it comes to social engagement, emoticons can improve the platform's enjoyment and

entertainment value, which can build friendships when friends use mobile instant messaging.

Moreover, Widodo & Pratitis (2013) claim that social media is what today's society needs most.

Like the Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences, it describes the positives and negatives of it,

including the expansion of friendships, the availability of informational media, opportunities to

connect with individuals who struggle with social anxiety, and a disadvantage that limits their

engagement in face-to-face social interaction.

"M" recommendation is a new feature in Messenger. M uses machine learning to identify

intent and provides practical suggestions to help users efficiently regulate their conversations

while preserving open channels of communication (Guerrero et. al., 2018). The interaction app

of choice in the Philippines is Messenger. While it is useful and efficient for interacting with

others, it might also be a way for people to spread false information to everyone (Tantuco, 2021).

Other negative effects include the spread of hate speech and false information on social media,

addiction, excessive use of the internet, and neglecting important aspects of life, such as

education and work. Among its advantages is improving communication, which is useful for

keeping in touch and for making immediate connections with other individuals. In general, social

media is significant, but it's still essential to understand the risks involved and be mindful

(Camella, 2023).
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Synthesis of Reviewed Related Studies

The study of Binesh et. al. (2023) explains how important social media is to young

people with regards to how it can help them develop social engagement which has a significant

positive impact on social outcomes. Malik & Rafiq's (2016) study aligns with how beneficial

social media is in terms of social aspects. It incorporates the development of friendships, access

to knowledge and information, a place for skill improvement, and even opportunities to interact

with people who struggle with social anxiety. Social media truly provides a quick and efficient

way to interact, connect, and engage along with others, making communication and collaboration

easier, to enhance social and cognitive skills, according to Magmanlac et. al., (2018).

With regards to academic pursuits on the other hand, Turkish Online Journal of

Educational Technology (2017) asserts that students view their interactions with peers online as

beneficial for their learning. Chua & Luyun (2019) and Spring Link (2021) focuses on academic

objectives, taking note of the advantages and disadvantages of using social media for students,

and that for a variety of academic objectives in higher education institutions, the use of instant

messaging groups is an expanding phenomenon that doesn’t gain much attention. The findings

suggest that students should have the courage to either use social media in addition to their

studies instead of spending the entire time in the library rather than engaging in the usual

conversation with friends. Centro Escolar University-Malolos (2014), claims that when students

focus more on social media use than on their studies, it tends to have a significantly negative
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influence on their academic performance. While Pedroso et. al. (2023) reveals that social media,

specifically Facebook Messenger, provides a channel for academic skill, task needs, chosen

technology and is using as a communication tool for academic inquiries.

Gaps to be Bridged by the Present Study

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of using messenger on social

interaction among grade 12 STEM Students of Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan. Following

an in-depth review of the related studies and literature in this chapter, the majority of the studies

and essays focuses mostly on the impact of various social media platforms and websites have on

students' academic performance and cognitive skills. However, some literary works lacks

experimentation, observation, and insights into additional advantages and disadvantages of

messenger to student’s social interaction, which is the main focus of this study. In addition, no

prior research or publications focuses on Grade 12 STEM Students of Perpetual Help College of

Pangasinan in which would be the respondents of this study. In order to bridge the current gaps,

remove any blind spots, and offer a thorough analysis of the situation to the University of

Perpetual Help System Pangasinan- JONELTA Basic Education Department- Senior High

School, the researchers focus on the effects of using messenger on social interaction among

grade 12 STEM Students of Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan. Using experimental research

design's quantitative tests to accomplish this. Numerous studies mainly cover various social

media applications and their effects on students' academic performance and cognitive skills, as

the literature review section that follows explains.

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Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study applies quantitative non-experimental descriptive research design, which

intends to describe the effects of using messenger and social interaction, which could allow

the researchers to provide static pictures of situations. By this, it can depict the respondents'

answers in an accurate way and for the researchers to determine the effects of using

messenger on social interaction.

Sources of Data

The respondents answering the survey questionnaire are the primary data sources. Using,

consulting, citing in the review of related literature and studies, the researchers include

secondary sources including books, articles, online journals, and other references. Consulting

primary and secondary sources in order to gather the crucial information for this research. The

Grade 12 STEM students in Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan S.Y. 2023-2024 will serve as

the main source of data. In order to give a thorough background and insightful solutions to the
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research problems, the researchers also analyze relevant literature and studies. Specifically, they

did this by looking through and citing books, articles, published theses and dissertations, online

journals, and other references. The data sources should be trustworthy and pertinent to the

research.

Population of the Study

105 STEM students in Grade 12 at the University of Perpetual Help System - Pangasinan

participates in this survey as respondents during the academic year 2023–2024. Using Slovin's

formula, determining the sample size, and choosing through a stratified and random sampling

technique, the population was first split up into divisions (strata).

Using proportional

allocation, the researchers

Slovin’s Formula
can determine how many
N = Total Population N
respondents n= 2 should answer
n = Sample Size 1+ N (e)
from each section
e = Margin Error
(STEM 12-I, STEM 12- II,

STEM12- III) combining

102 students using the class list to identify the names corresponds to the number in the table of

random numbers to identify the respondents.

The sample size will be ascertained using Slovin's formula, which is displayed in this table.
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Slovin’s Formula

N = Total Population N = 137

n = Sample Size n = ?

e = Margin Error e = 5%

The population represents the figure of all the STEM students in Grade 12 at University of

Perpetual Help System - Pangasinan. Only 102 students can answer out of a total of 137 students.

Figure 5
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Instrumentation and Validation

In this paper, the researchers gather all the necessary data and relevant pieces of information

through the use of test papers which contain survey questionnaires that the respondents may

answer.

The questionnaires are split into three parts. The 1st part covers the socio-demographic

profile of the respondents, the 2nd part covers the level of effectiveness that the respondents are

experiencing while using messenger as a social interaction and the 3rd part covers the effects of

using messenger on social interaction for students in terms of accessibility, convenience,

advancement and entertainment.

The instrument from the researchers is given to the research adviser to examine the test

questions' significance and usefulness. For further validation, the researchers ask for advice from

the research advisers who provides comments and potential recommendations. The suggestions

of the validators are taken into consideration in the final report of the test.

Evaluation and Scoring

Rensis Likert’s Likert Scale serves as the foundation for the questions that assess how well

messenger is influencing respondent’s social interactions. Utilizing the following numerical

scoring system while administering survey questions. The effectiveness of messenger on the
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Basic Education Department – Senior High School

social interaction of STEM students in grade 12 is given using the following metrics: numerical

range, categorical response, verbal interpretation, and verbal description.

The following scales are put to use to ascertain how messenger affects social interaction:

Numerical Numerical Categorical Verbal Verbal

Rating Range Response Interpretation Description

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Highly Effective The respondents

experienced the

indicator 81 –

100%

4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Effective The respondents

experienced the

indicator 61 –

80%

3 2.61 – 3.40 Neutral Moderately The respondents

Effective experienced the

indicator 41 –

60%

2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Effective The respondents

experienced the

indicator 21 –
 Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan- JONELTA
Basic Education Department – Senior High School

40%

1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Not Effective at The respondents

Disagree all experienced the

indicator 0 –

20%

Table 1. Describes messenger on social interaction in terms of numerical rating, numerical

range, categorical response, verbal interpretation, and verbal description.

Data Gathering Procedure

To conduct the study, the researchers made a letter to ask for the approval from the office

of Senior High School Principal to allow the researchers to conduct the study. The researchers

first request the class lists from the advisers in order to reach out the respondents. The research

adviser and subject teachers helps in creating the room-to-room schedules. First, providing the

consent forms for the respondents' approval. After that, the survey questionnaires are given to the

respondents. Organizing, tallying, and subjecting the statistical analysis in gathering data.

Treatment and Analysis of Data

Once the survey questionnaire is complete, data tabulates and subjects to the following

statistical tools;

1. Describing the respondents’ profile by frequency and percentage distribution.

 Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan- JONELTA
Basic Education Department – Senior High School

2. Describing the effects of using messenger on the respondents’ social interaction in terms of

(a) accessibility, (b) convenience, (c) advancement, and (d) entertainment by weighted mean and

ranking.

3. Describing the level of effectiveness of the respondents by weighted mean and ranking.

Ethical Consideration

The researchers did their investigation while keeping ethical factors in mind. Especially

in terms of maintaining confidentiality, quality, and human subject protection. First and

foremost, permission is first given by the Department of Senior High School Director of

Pangasinan's Perpetual Help College, where the researchers perform the study. Perpetual Help

College of Pangasinan's school administrators give their written consent to their students to

survey those who wish to take part and be an important part of the study. Because some of the

respondents are still minors, consent form is needed, which explains their right to voluntarily

withdraw from the research at any time, the study's primary goal, the processes in data collecting,

and remarks regarding confidentiality, a statement regarding the known risks associates with, and

the benefits of participation in the study. The researchers took into account the respondents’

availability time. Privacy and confidentiality were the researcher’s top concerns.
 Perpetual Help College of Pangasinan- JONELTA
Basic Education Department – Senior High School

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