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Chemical Calculations - Part 1

This document discusses chemical calculations using moles and Avogadro's constant. It defines the mole as the SI unit for measuring chemical amounts, where one mole contains 6.02 x 1023 particles such as atoms or molecules. It provides examples of how to determine the number of particles or moles given mass and vice versa. Practice questions at the end ask the reader to calculate moles, atoms, and mass using molar mass and moles.

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Angel Mulyadi
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18 views11 pages

Chemical Calculations - Part 1

This document discusses chemical calculations using moles and Avogadro's constant. It defines the mole as the SI unit for measuring chemical amounts, where one mole contains 6.02 x 1023 particles such as atoms or molecules. It provides examples of how to determine the number of particles or moles given mass and vice versa. Practice questions at the end ask the reader to calculate moles, atoms, and mass using molar mass and moles.

Uploaded by

Angel Mulyadi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 5

Chemical Calculations
PART 1
MOLE AND AVOGADRO’S CONSTANT

dozen
Measuring Matter

• Each of these different ways to measure apples


can be equated to a dozen apples.
• By count: 1 dozen apples = 12 apples
• By mass: 1 dozen apples = 2.0 kg apples
These are approximations for average-sized apples.
• Think about counting eggs.

• It’s easier when the eggs are grouped into


dozens.
• A dozen is a
specified number
(12) of things.
Counting with Moles
• Chemists also use a unit that is a specified number of particles,
most often atoms or molecules.

• Chemical amounts are measured in moles

The mole, symbol mol, is the SI unit of amount of substance


•
One mole of a substance contains the same number of the
stated particles, atoms, molecules, or ions

• One mole contains 6.02 x 1023 particles (e.g. atoms, ions,


molecules); this number is known as the Avogadro Constant
❑ For example:

✓ One mole of sodium (Na) contains 6.02 x 1023 atoms of


sodium
✓ One mole of hydrogen (H2) contains 6.02 x 1023 molecules
of hydrogen
Grams to moles conversion

If you know the mass of a substance, you can calculate the


number of moles.
Practice Question
1. Calculate the number of atoms in 2.45 moles of copper
2. A silver ring contains 1.1 x 1022 silver atoms. How
many moles of silver are in the ring?
3. What is the mass of 5 moles of Helium?
Mass = moles x Mr
= 5 mol x 4 g/mol
= 20 g

4. How many moles are in 2.64 g of sucrose, C12H22O11

Moles = Mass : Mr
= 2.64 g : 342.3 g/mol
= 7.71 x 10-3 mol

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