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Diab Ketone

The document discusses ketone monitoring for people with type 1 diabetes. It explains what ketones are, who should monitor for them, when monitoring should occur, how to monitor using urine or blood tests, what the results mean, signs of ketoacidosis, and how ketoacidosis can be prevented.

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tamil4zen
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15 views4 pages

Diab Ketone

The document discusses ketone monitoring for people with type 1 diabetes. It explains what ketones are, who should monitor for them, when monitoring should occur, how to monitor using urine or blood tests, what the results mean, signs of ketoacidosis, and how ketoacidosis can be prevented.

Uploaded by

tamil4zen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KETONE MONITORING

WHAT ARE KETONES?

The body normally turns most of the carbohydrate food


eaten into glucose (sugar). Glucose (sugar) is the body’s
main source of energy. If there is not enough insulin in the
body, then the blood glucose (sugar) level may be high and
body cells cannot get the glucose (sugar) for energy. When
this happens the body may break down its own fat to use as
a source of energy. When fat is broken down, ketones are
made and will go into the bloodstream.

Ketones are harmful to the body.

The build-up of ketones in the blood is called ketoacidosis.


The body tries to get rid of these ketones by spilling them
into the urine.

WHO NEEDS TO MONITOR FOR KETONES?

• People with Type 1 diabetes.

WHEN TO MONITOR FOR KETONES?

• When blood glucose (sugar) is 14 mmol/L or more.


• During periods of illness (colds, flu), infections or injuries,
when blood glucose (sugar) level is 14 mmol/L or more.

HOW TO MONITOR FOR KETONES?

There is one urine product (strips) available for use during


ketone testing.* Ketostix®

There is a blood glucose meter, the Precision Xtra®, which tests


for ketones in the blood .
PLEASE FOLLOW THE PACKAGE INSTRUCTIONS WHEN
MONITORING!

RECORD results in a log book with the date and time.

* (Urine ketone testing strips are covered by the Diabetes Control Program.)

WHAT TO DO WITH THE MONITORING RESULTS?


The acceptable range for urine ketones is negative or trace.

If you find ketones (small, moderate or large) in the urine and


have high blood glucose (sugar) levels on two or more
occasions: contact your doctor for advice.

The acceptable range for blood ketones is less than 0.6 mmol/L.

Between 0.6 and 1.5 mmol/L Recheck blood glucose and


ketones in 2-4 hours.

Between 1.5 and 3.0 mmol/L May be at risk for developing


ketoacidosis.

More than 3.0 mmol/L Requires immediate


emergency treatment. Seek
medical attention from your
doctor or the emergency
department of your local
hospital.
KETOACIDOSIS…WHAT ARE THE SIGNS?

• Blood glucose levels (sugar) persistently greater than


14.0 mmol/L

• May occur more easily during a period of illness

• Ketones in blood or urine most of the time

• Weakness, fatigue and weight loss

• Excessive urination and thirst


• Flushed and dry skin

• Dry mouth

• Blurred vision

• Nausea and vomiting

• Abdominal pain

• Fast pulse

• Rapid deep breathing

• A fruity smell to your breath would be noticed; like an


over-ripe banana or Juicy Fruit® gum

• Drowsiness and unconsciousness

WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FEEL LIKE THIS?


Ketoacidosis is treated with insulin and fluids.
Call your Pediatrician. Hospitalization may be necessary
unless the condition is managed in the early stages.
Call a Health Professional if:

o Blood glucose levels (sugars) are consistently greater


than 14 mmol/L for more than 1 day.

o You find blood ketones between 1.5 and 3.0 mmol/L and
have high blood glucose levels on one occasion.

o You find urine ketones (moderate or large) and have high


blood glucose levels on two or more occasions.

CAN KETOACIDOSIS BE PREVENTED?


YES!!!

• Always take insulin as prescribed by your pediatrician

• Follow your meal plan closely and make necessary


adjustments in your insulin

• Get regular activity

• Remember, during illness or stress periods, your usual


dose of insulin may not be enough. Talk to your
pediatrician or Provincial diabetes health care team for
more advice

During Illness:

• Drink lots of sugar-free fluids, like water, sugar free soft


drinks, sugar free Koolaid® or Crystal Light®

• Test urine or blood for ketones and test blood glucose at least
every 4 hours

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