3.

RESPIRATION- Revision questions Page 1 of 3

1. What is respiration? (1mk) c) Explain what happens when there is oxygen debt in human
2. Explain the significance of respiration. (2mks) muscles/ the fate of lactic acid in humans. (2mks)
3. a) Write an equation that summarizes the process of aerobic d) Explain why short distance runners breathe quickly and
respiration. (1mk) deeply at the end of the race. (2mks)
b) Name the site of anaerobic respiration in a cell. (1mk) 11. The chart below represents a simple respiratory pathway in
c) Give two differences in the products of anaerobic cells.
respiration between plants and animals. (2mks)
4. What are the end products of anaerobic respiration in:
a) Plants? (3mks) Glycolysis
b) Animals. (2mks)
5. i) Name the type of respiration that is most efficient. (1mk)
ii) Give a reason for your answer in (a) above. (1mk)
iii) In what form is energy stored in muscles? (1mk)
iv) Name the substance which accumulates in muscles when
respiration occurs with insufficient oxygen.(1mk)
6. State three activities in the human digestive system that
depend on respiration/ require energy. (3mks) a) Name the substances labeled H and G. (2mks)
7. List four differences between respiration and photosynthesis. b) Explain briefly the reaction that occurs in the kreb’s cycle.
(4mks) (2mks)
8. Form 2 students set up an experiment as shown below. c) Give two differences between glycolysis and kreb’s cycle.
(2mks)
d) Explain two conditions necessary to maintain the process of
respiration. (2mks)
12. The diagram below represents a set-up that students used in
an investigation.

Lime water

a) What was the aim of the set up? (1mk)

b) State the observation made:
i) In lime water/ calcium hydroxide solution.
(1mk)
ii) If blue cobalt (II) chloride paper was rubbed a) Name the physiological process that was being
on the inner side of the test-tube. (1mk) investigated.(1mk)
9. The diagram below shows an experiment set up to investigate b) State the role of potassium hydroxide in flask K. (1mk)
a certain physiological process in plants c) Account for the observation in boiling tube L and flask N.
(2mks)
Aluminium foil 13. The diagram below shows a set – up that was used to
demonstrate fermentation

Potassium Oil Lime water

hydroxide Calcium
Calcium hydroxide hydroxide Glucose and
yeast
a) State the aim of the experiment. (1mk) suspension
b) State the role of the following in the experiment;
i) Potassium hydroxide. (1mk) Glucose solution was boiled and oil added on top of it. The glucose
ii) Aluminium foil. (1mk) solution was then allowed to cool before suspension.
c) Account for the expected color change in:
i) tube F. (2mks) (a) Why was the glucose solution boiled before adding the
ii) Tube G. ( yeast suspension? (1mk)
10. a)What is oxygen debt? (1mk) (b) What was the importance of cooling the glucose
b) State two reasons why accumulation of lactic acid leads to solution before adding the yeast suspension? (1mk)
an increase in heartbeat. (2mks) (c) What was the use of oil in the experiment? (1mk)
3. RESPIRATION- Revision questions Page 2 of 3
(d) What observation would be made in test tube B at the c) Name the physiological process that was being investigated.
end of the experiment? (1mk) (1mk)
(e) Suggest a suitable set up for the experiment. (1mk) d) Write a word equation for the physiological process
14. A process that occurs in plants is represented by the equation investigated. (1mk)
below. e) Why was warm water bath used in the experiment? (2mks)
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + Energy f) Put a drop of the contents in a boiling tube on a microscope
(Glucose) (Ethanol) (Carbon (IV) oxide slide. Stain with a drop of methylene blue and cover with a
a) Name the process. (1mk) cover slip. Observe it under a light microscope using low,
b) Give five economic importance of the process named medium and high power objective lenses.
in (a) above. (5mks) i) Draw and label one of the structures observed under high
15. The concentration of the lactic acid in blood during and after power objective lens. (1mk)
an exercise was determined. The results are shown in the ii) State the magnification of your drawing. (1mk)
graph below iii) State the identity of substance D. (1mk
17. a) A dog weighing 15.2kg requires 216kj while a mouse
weighing 50g requires 2736kj per day. Explain. (2mks)
b) Explain why a baby uses more heat per unit weight than an
adult when they are at the same environmental conditions?
(1mk)
18. Active yeast cells were added to a dilute sugar solution in a
container. The mixture was kept in a warm room. After a few
hours bubbles of gas were observed escaping from the
mixture.
(a) Name the gas produced. (1mk)
(b) Write an equation to represent the chemical reaction
above. (1mk)

19. Below are diagrams of cell organelle obtained from different

organs of an animal.
(a) (i) By how much did the lactic acid increase at the end of
13 minutes? (1mk)
(ii) After how many minutes was the lactic acid concentration
71mg/ 100cm3? (1mk)
(iii) What would be the concentration of lactic acid at the
60th minute? (1mk)
(b) Give a reason for the high rate of production of lactic acid
during the exercise. (1mk) a) For each organelle state an organ in the urinary system
(c) Give a reason for the decrease in the concentration of where it is likely to be found. (2mks)
lactic acid after the exercise. (1mk) ii) Give a reason for your answers in (i) above. (2mks)
16. You are provided with solution labeled Q (lime water) and R 20. a) Write the formula of calculating the respiratory quotient
(10% sugar solution), a substance labeled D (Yeast) and a (RQ) for the activity in the experiment. (1mk)
delivery tube fitted with a rubber bung/cork. Add substance b) What is the significance of respiratory quotient (RQ)?
D to the 10 % sugar solution. Tightly close the boiling tube (1mk)
with a rubber bung//cork fitted with a delivery tube. Dip the 21. In an experiment on respiration, a mouse was observed to
other end of the delivery tube in the test tube containing lime have inhaled 200 cm3 of oxygen and exhaled 199.75cm3 of
water. Put the boiling tube in warm water bath at 40oC and carbon (IV) oxide in 10 minutes.
allow the set up to stand as shown in the diagram below for a) Calculate the respiratory quotient for the activity in the
15 minutes. experiment. (2mks)
b) Identify the possible food substance consumed by the
mouse. (1mk)
c) State the fate of the excess food named in (c) above in
the human body. (2mks)
22. a) Explain why fats/ lipids/ oils are not the main food
substrate even though they release a lot of energy than
carbohydrates. (2mks)
b) Under which condition is protein oxidized/ broken down
to release energy? (1mk)
c) List four factors that affect the rate of respiration. (4mks)

a) State the observations made in the lime water. (2mks)

b) Explain the observations made in the lime water. (2mks)
3. RESPIRATION- Revision questions Page 3 of 3
23. The figure below represents an experiment on germinating
peas.

a) Account for the changes made at the end of the a) What was the aim of the experiment? (1mk)
experiment. (4mks) b) State the observations made. (2mks)
b) What chemical change is taking place in germinating c) Explain the observations made in (b) above. (2mks)
seed? (1mk) d) Why was a vacuum flask used? (1mk)
c) i) If water had been used instead of potassium hydroxide e) Why was oil layer added to the suspension? (1mk)
solution in the experiment, what would be observed? f) Suggest a suitable control set up. (1mk)
(1mk)
ii) Give a reason for your answer in (c)(i) above. (1mk) 27. Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and aerobic
24. Form two students set up an experiment as shown below. respiration within a leaf. (2mks)
They soaked the seeds overnight and divided the seeds into 28. Explain each of the following physiological observations:
two equal portions. They boiled one portion and washed the a) Sportsmen release little, concentrated urine at the end of
seeds with formalin. They filled vacuum flask A with unboiled strenuous exercise. (3mks)
seeds. In vacuum flask B they filled it with boiled seeds and b) A rabbit has a higher oxygen demand than a camel.
recorded the temperature daily for one week. (3mks)
29. While instigating a certain metabolic process in plants,
students set up the apparatus as shown below in a classroom
and monitored it for 48 hours.

a) Identify the metabolic process under investigation.

a) State the observation made. (1mk) (1mk)
b) Explain the observation made in a) above. (2mks) b) Account for the observations made in the test tube at the
c) Why was a vacuum flask used? (1mk) end of the investigation. (2mks)
d) Give a reason why beans were washed in formalin. 30. a) Explain why plants have lower respiratory rates compared
(1mk) to animals. (1mk)
e) Explain the alteration that would be made on the set up b) State two situations in plants when the rate of respiration
to make the results more reliable. (2mks) rises more than normal. (2mks)
25. Form two students set up the experiment as shown below. 31. The diagram below illustrates a set of biological processes in a
green plant.

a) Name:
i) Process N. (1mk)
ii) Polysaccharide P. (1mk)
b) State two conditions necessary for the formation of
compound Q. (2mks)
a) State the observations made. (2mks) c) State two environmental conditions necessary for process
b) Account for the observations made in a) above. (2mks) N to take place. (2mks)
c) Why was paraffin layer added to the suspension? (1mk)
26. The diagram below illustrates an experimental setup that was
used to investigate a certain physiological process.