CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the results and discussion of the experiment. In this study,

the following parameters were considered plant height, leaf count, pseudo stem size,

clove count, bulb weight, bulb size, and average yield/ha.

Pseudo Stem Size (mm)

The pseudo stem size as affected by applied fermented seaweeds and calphos is

presented in Table 5a. The Treatment 3 has the highest effect with a mean of 5.30,

followed by Treatment 2 (mean=4.89), Treatment (mean=4.60) and the lowest Treatment

0 with a mean of 4.39. Therefore, the application of fermented seaweeds and calphos on

the yield of garlic in terms of pseudo stem size is not significant.

The garlic in Treatment 3 applied with fermented seaweeds and calphos increased

the pseudo stem size.

Table 5a. Pseudo stem size of garlic as affected by applied fermented seaweeds and
calphos.
Pseudo stem size (mm) Treatment Treatment
Treatment
R1 R2 R3 Total Mean
T0 = Control (no application) 3.61 4.87 4.68 13.16 4.39
T1 = 200ml Calphos + 1 liter
of water 4.76 4.71 4.31 13.79 4.60
T2 =200ml Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter of water 4.36 4.98 5.32 14.66 4.89
T3 =100 ml Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter of water +
100 ml Calphos 4.97 5.78 5.16 15.91 5.30
Replication Total 17.70 20.34 19.48
Grand Total 57.52
Grand Mean 4.79
Means with the same letter(s) are not significantly different by LSD.

0
 Analysis of Variance reveals a computed F-value of 3.96. As a result, the null

hypothesis is rejected. This implied that various amounts of fermented vegetable waste

liquid bio fertilizer (FVWLBF) significantly affected the number of tubers of sweet

potato. Ginanjar et. al., (2023) cited that application of organic liquid fertilizer of

vegetable waste had a significant effect and got the highest number of tubers compared

with other treatment because with the help of liquid fertilizer of vegetable waste nutrient

availability will be fulfilled, and increasing.

Therefore, the effect of fermented seaweeds and calphos with the various amount

of 400ml on the yield of garlic in terms of pseudo stem size has no significant effect.

Table 5b. Analysis of Variance in Randomized Complete Block Design

(RCBD) for the pseudo stem size of garlic as affected by applied
fermented seaweeds and calphos.
Source of Sum of Degrees of Mean Computed
Variation Squares Freedom Square F-Value P-value F crit
Treatment 1.42 3 0.47 2.91ns 0.12 4.76
Replication 0.91 2 0.45
Error 0.97 6 0.16
Total 3.30 11
ns = not significant
cv = 8.41%

Clove Count

Table 6a presents the clove count of garlic as affected by applied fermented

seaweeds and calphos. Results shows that Treatment 3 registered the highest count of

cloves of garlic with a (mean=22.10); this was followed by Treatment 2 (mean=22.03)

while Treatment 1 obtained (mean=20.83). Treatment 0, on the other hand, had the

lowest weight of tubers with a mean of 19.83.

Table 6a. Clove count of garlic as affected by applied fermented seaweeds and calphos.

1
 Treatment Clove count Treatmen Treatment
R1 R2 R3 t Total Mean
T0 = Control (no application) 20 18 22 59.50 19.83
T1 = 200ml Calphos + 1 liter
of water 22 21 19 62.50 20.83
T2 =200ml Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter of water 20 23 23 66.10 22.03
T3 =100 ml Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter of water + 20 24 22 66.30 22.10
100 ml Calphos
Replication Total 81.90 86.40 86.10
Grand Total 254.40
Grand Mean 21.20
Means with the same letter(s) are not significantly different by LSD.

The Analysis of Variance is presented in Table 6b. It registered a computed F-

value of 5.04. As a result, the null hypothesis is rejected indicating the treatment mean

were significantly different. Fahrurrozi (2022), the use of liquid fertilizer significantly

affected weight of tubers of sweet potato. It seems that the Vegetables waste liquid

fertilizer has sufficient nutrients to increase weight of tuber, these increases could have

been due to fits N, P and K contents that helped the plants to accelerated tuber

development. Hilman et. al., (2021), application of liquid fertilizer of vegetable waste

gave the best results on weight of tubers parameters. This study, shows that the utilization

of vegetable waste can be used to increase yield of sweet potato.

Table 6b. Analysis of Variance in Randomized Complete Block Design

(RCBD) for the clove count of garlic as affected by applied
fermented seaweeds and calphos.
Source of Sum of Degrees of Mean Computed
Variation Squares Freedom Square F-Value P-value F crit
Treatment 10.52 3 3.51 0.88 0.50 4.76
Replication 3.17 2 1.58
Error 23.78 6 3.96
Total 37.46 11

2
 ns = not significant

cv = 9.39%

Bulb Size (mm)

Table 7a presents the bulb size of garlic as affected by applied fermented

seaweeds and calphos liquid fertilizer. Results show that Treatment 3 obtained the

biggest bulb size (mean=29.14 mm). This was followed by Treatment 1 (mean=28.72

mm) while Treatment 2 obtained (mean=28.47 mm). On the other hand, Treatment 0 had

the lowest bulb size with a mean of 26.06 mm. The result shows a numerical decreasing

on the bulb size of garlic.

Table 7a. Bulb size (mm) of garlic as affected by applied fermented seaweeds and calphos.
Bulb size (mm) Treatment Treatment
Treatment
R1 R2 R3 Total Mean
T0 = Control (no application) 26.28 24.60 27.30 78.18 26.06
T1 = 200ml Calphos + 1 liter
of water 29.53 27.10 29.53 86.16 28.72
T2 =200ml Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter of water 27.85 27.90 29.65 85.40 28.47
T3 =100 ml Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter of water + 30.30 29.94 87.41 29.14
100 ml Calphos 27.17
110.8 109.90 116.4
Replication Total 3 2
Grand Total 337.15
28.10
Grand Mean

The Analysis of Variance reveals the computed F-value of 3.67 as a result, the

null hypothesis is rejected. This indicates that fermented vegetable waste liquid bio

fertilizer have statistically comparable effect on diameter of sweet potato tubers.

Table 7b. Analysis of Variance in Randomized Complete Block Design

(RCBD) for the bulb size of garlic as affected by applied fermented

3
 seaweeds and calphos.
Source of Sum of Degrees of Mean Computed
Variation Squares Freedom Square F-Value P-value F crit
Treatment 17.27 3 5.76 3.67ns 0.08 4.76
Replication 6.22 2 3.11
Error 9.40 6 1.57
Total 32.89 11
ns = not significant

cv = 4.46%

Bulb Weight (gram)

Table 8a presents the bulb weight of garlic as affected by applied fermented

seaweeds and calphos liquid fertilizer. Results show that Treatment 3 obtained the

highest bulb weight (mean=10.02 mm). This was followed by Treatment 2 (mean=8.90

mm) while Treatment 1 obtained (mean=8.86 mm). On the other hand, Treatment 0 had

the lowest bulb weight with a mean of 7.87 mm. The result shows a numerical decreasing

on the weight of bulb.

Table 8a. Bulb weight (gram) of garlic as affected by applied fermented seaweeds and
calphos.
Treatment Bulb weight (gram) Treatment Treatment
R1 R2 R3 Total Mean
T0 = Control (no application) 7.27 7.71 8.64 23.62 7.87
T1 = 200ml Calphos + 1 liter
of water 9.95 7.03 9.61 26.59 8.86

T2 =200ml Fermented 7.9 8.56 10.2 26.70 8.90

Seaweeds + 1 liter of water 4
T3 =100 ml Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter of water + 8.15 11.3 10.6 30.07 10.02
100 ml Calphos 2
Replication Total 33.27 34.60 39.1
1
Grand Total 106.98
Grand Mean 8.92

4
 Analysis of Variance reveals a computed F-value of 3.96. As a result, the

null hypothesis is rejected. This implied that various amounts of fermented vegetable

waste liquid bio fertilizer (FVWLBF) significantly affected the number of tubers of sweet

potato. Ginanjar et. al., (2023) cited that application of organic liquid fertilizer of

vegetable waste had a significant effect and got the highest number of tubers compared

with other treatment because with the help of liquid fertilizer of vegetable waste nutrient

availability will be fulfilled, and increasing.

Therefore, the effect of fermented seaweeds and calphos with the various amount

of 400ml on the yield of garlic in terms of pseudo stem size has no significant effect.

Table 8b. Analysis of Variance in Randomized Complete Block Design

(RCBD) for the bulb weight of garlic as affected by applied
fermented seaweeds and calphos.
Source of Sum of Degrees of Mean Computed
Variation Squares Freedom Square F-Value P-value F crit
Treatment 6.95 3 2.32 1.42ns 0.33 4.76
Replication 4.68 2 2.34
Error 9.80 6 1.63
Total 21.43 11
ns = not significant

cv = 13.34%

Yield per hectare (kg)

Table 9a presents the yield per hectare of garlic as affected by applied fermented

seaweeds and calphos liquid fertilizer. Results show that Treatment 3 obtained the

highest yield per hectare (mean=2505.83 mm). This was followed by Treatment 2

(mean=2225.00 mm) while Treatment 1 obtained (mean=2215.83 mm). On the other

5
hand, Treatment 0 had the lowest yield per hectare with a mean of 1968.33 mm. The

result shows a numerical decreasing on the yield per hectare of garlic.

Table 9a. Bulb weight (gram) of garlic as affected by applied fermented seaweeds and
calphos.
Treatment Yield per hectare (kg) Treatment Treatment
R1 R2 R3 Total Mean
T0=Control (no 1817.50 1927.50 2160.00 5905.00 1968.33
application)
T1 = 200ml Calphos + 2487.50 1757.50 2402.50 6647.50 2215.83
1 liter of water
T2 =200ml Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter of 1975.00 2140.00 2560.00 6675.00 2225.00
water
T3 =100 ml Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter of 2037.50 2825.00 2655.00 7517.50 2505.83
water + 100 ml
Calphos
Replication Total 8317.50 8650.00 9777.50
Grand Total 26745.00
Grand Mean 2228.75
Analysis of Variance reveals a computed F-value of 3.96. As a result, the null

hypothesis is rejected. This implied that various amounts of fermented vegetable waste

liquid bio fertilizer (FVWLBF) significantly affected the number of tubers of sweet

potato. Ginanjar et. al., (2023) cited that application of organic liquid fertilizer of

vegetable waste had a significant effect and got the highest number of tubers compared

with other treatment because with the help of liquid fertilizer of vegetable waste nutrient

availability will be fulfilled, and increasing.

Therefore, the effect of fermented seaweeds and calphos with the various amount

of 400ml on the yield of garlic in terms of yield per hectare has no significant effect.

Table 7b. Analysis of Variance in Randomized Complete Block Design

(RCBD) for the yield per hectare of garlic as affected by applied
fermented seaweeds and calphos.
Source of Sum of Degrees of Mean Computed
Variation Squares Freedom Square F-Value P-value F crit
6
 Treatment 144,772.9
434,318.75 3 2 1.42ns 0.33 4.76
Replication 146,392.1
292,784.38 2 9
Error 102,081.7
612,490.63 6 7
Total 1,339,593.8 11
ns = not
significant
cv = 13.34%

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the overview of the findings, as well as the conclusion and

recommendation.

Summary of Findings

This experiment was carried out in order to determine the growth and yield

response of garlic applied with fermented seaweeds and calphos liquid fertilizer. The 50

cloves of garlic per plot was planted in the same care and management except for

treatment 0 or control that we only applied water, and the 10-sample plant per plot were

gathered. Treatment 0 =control (no application), Treatment 1= 200 mL of calphos + 1

liter of water, Treatment 2= 200 mL of fermented seaweeds + 1 liter of water, Treatment

3= 100 mL of calphos + 100 mL of fermented seaweeds + 1 liter of water.

Using the gathered data and the results of statistical analysis, the following are the

pertinent findings of this study:

7
1. The influence of calphos and fermented seaweeds liquid fertilizer in terms of the

growth response of garlic has the following findings:

a. In terms of plant height, Treatment 2 had the highest plant height with the

application of fermented seaweeds with the mean of 40.73 cm.

b. In terms of leaf count, Treatment 2 had the highest leaf count of garlic

with the application of fermented seaweeds with the mean of 90.07.

c. In terms of pseudo stem size, Treatment 3 had the highest pseudo stem

size with the application of combination of calphos and fermented

seaweeds liquid fertilizer (mean=5.30mm).

2. The influence of calphos and fermented seaweeds liquid fertilizer in terms of the

yield response of garlic has the following findings:

a. In terms of clove count, among the treatments the treatment 3

(mean=22.10) was computed the highest mean. It was followed by

Treatment 2 (mean=22.03) and 1 with a mean of 20.83 while Treatment 0

(mean=19.83) was the lowest mean.

b. In terms of bulb size, treatment 3 (mean=29.14 mm) was obtained the

highest mean. It was followed by Treatment 1 (mean=28.72 mm) and

Treatment 2 (mean=28.47 mm), and the lowest treatment is Treatment 0

(mean=26.06 mm).

c. In terms of bulb weight, the highest mean was treatment 3 (mean=10.02g).

Followed by Treatment 2 (mean=8.90g), and Treatment 1 (mean=8.86g),

and the lowest treatment is Treatment 0 (mean=7.87g).

8
 d. In terms of yield per hectare, the Treatment 3 obtained the highest mean of

2505.83 kg. It was followed by Treatment 2 (mean=2225.00 kg),

Treatment 1 (mean=2215.83 kg), and the lowest Treatment 0 with a mean

of 1968.33 kg.

3. The influence of applied calphos and fermented seaweeds liquid fertilizer has a

significant difference on the growth and yield response of garlic in terms of leaf

count.

4. The best amounts of applied calphos and fermented seaweeds liquid fertilizer that

gives the most favorable results was Treatment 3 (100 mL of calphos + 100 mL of

fermented seaweeds + 1 liter of water) since, it produces highest yield and

noteworthy effect on growth of garlic.

Conclusions

Based on the pertinent findings, the following are the conclusions drawn by the

researcher.

1. The application of calphos and fermented seaweeds liquid fertilizer in

Treatment 3 (100 mL of calphos + 100 mL of fermented seaweeds + 1

liter of water) had increased the growth performance of garlic in terms of

pseudo stem.

2. The application of calphos and fermented seaweeds liquid fertilizer had

significantly increased the yield performance of garlic in terms of leaf

count has significant influence.

9
 3. There is significant difference on the growth and yield response of garlic

as affected by the application of calphos and fermented seaweeds liquid

fertilizer in terms of leaf count.

4. The best amount of liquid fertilizer was treatment 2 (200 mL of fermented

seaweeds + 1 liter of water). It produces highest leaf count.

Recommendations

Based on the pertinent findings and conclusions drawn. The researchers

recommend the following:

1. Application of 200 mL fermented seaweeds + 1 liter of water in terms of leaf

count is recommended.

2. Conduct of similar studies using other variety of sweet potato, as test crop to

establish any interaction effects.

3. Similar research should also be conducted to other farm that have sandy loam soil.

4. Soil analysis before and after planting should be done.

REFERENCES

10
 APPENDICES

APPENDIX “A”

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

Plant Height

Treatment R1 R2 R3
T0 = Control (no
application)

T1 = 200ml Calphos
+ 1 liter of water

T2 =200ml
11
 Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter
of water
T3 =100 ml
Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter
of water + 100 ml
Calphos

Leaf Count

Treatment R1 R2 R3
T0 = Control (no
application)

T1 = 200ml Calphos
+ 1 liter of water

T2 =200ml
Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter
of water
T3 =100 ml
Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter
of water + 100 ml
Calphos
Pseudo Stem Size

Treatment R1 R2 R3
T0 = Control (no
application)

T1 = 200ml Calphos
+ 1 liter of water
T2 =200ml
Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter
of water
T3 =100 ml
Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter
of water + 100 ml
Calphos

12
Clove Count

Treatment R1 R2 R3
T0 = Control (no
application)
T1 = 200ml Calphos
+ 1 liter of water

T2 =200ml
Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter
of water
T3 =100 ml
Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter
of water + 100 ml
Calphos

Bulb Size

Treatment R1 R2 R3
T0 = Control (no
application)

T1 = 200ml Calphos
+ 1 liter of water
T2 =200ml
Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter
of water
T3 =100 ml
Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter
of water + 100 ml
Calphos

Bulb Weight

Treatment R1 R2 R3
T0 = Control (no
application)

13
 T1 = 200ml Calphos
+ 1 liter of water
T2 =200ml
Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter
of water
T3 =100 ml
Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter
of water + 100 ml
Calphos

Yield Per Hectare

Treatment R1 R2 R3
T0 = Control (no
application)

T1 = 200ml Calphos
+ 1 liter of water
T2 =200ml
Fermented
Seaweeds + 1 liter
of water
T3 =100 ml
Fermented
Seaweed + 1 Liter
of water + 100 ml
Calphos

14
 APPENDIX “B”

PHOTO DOCUMENTATION

Plate 1. Collected vegetable waste

15
Plate 2. Fermentation of fermented vegetable waste liquid bio fertilizer

Plate 3. Land preparation

16
Plate 4. Cutting vines of sweet potato

Plate 5. Planting of sweet potato

17
Plate 6. Irrigation

Plate 7. Application of fermented vegetable waste Liquid bio fertilizer

18
Plate 8. Labeling plots

Plate 9. After 1 month of applying fertilizer.

19
Plate 10. Harvesting of sweet potato

Plate 11. Collecting data prior to the measurement of growth and yield
parameter

20
Plate 12. Oven drying for collecting biomass

21
 Plate 13. Thesis site visitation.

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Information

Name: Saligbon, Judeleaf P.

Address: Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro

Date of Birth: August 13, 2001

Birth Place: San Roque, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Sex: Female

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Email: [email protected]

Father’s Name: Manny D. Idonga

Occupation: Barangay Police

Mother’s Name: Janet D. Idonga

Occupation: Housewife

Educational Background

22
Elementary Education: Bubog 2 Elementary School

S.Y. 2013-2014

Address : Bubog, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Secondary Education : San Jose National High School (Junior High school)

S.Y. 2017-2018

San Jose National High School (Senior High school)

S.Y. 2019-2020

Address : Bagong Sikat, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

College Education : Occidental Mindoro State College-Murtha Campus

Course : Bachelor of Science in Agriculture

Major : Crop Science

23
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Information

Name: Langaman, Hannah Jane A.

Address: Bubog, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Date of Birth: June 03, 2002

Birth Place: Bubog, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Sex: Female

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Email: [email protected]

Father’s Name: Rogelio F. Langaman

Occupation: Farmer

Mother’s Name: Liela A. Langaman

Occupation: Saleslady

Educational Background

24
Elementary Education: Bubog 2 Elementary School

S.Y. 2013-2014

Address : Bubog, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Secondary Education : San Jose National High School (Junior High school)

S.Y. 2017-2018

San Jose National High School (Senior High school)

S.Y. 2019-2020

Address : Bagong Sikat, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

College Education : Occidental Mindoro State College-Murtha Campus

Course : Bachelor of Science in Agriculture

Major : Crop Science

25
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Information

Name: Aniar, Arjean A.

Address: Barangay Ambulong, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Date of Birth: March 08, 2002

Birth Place: Barangay Ambulong, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Sex: Female

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Email: [email protected]

Father’s Name: Armando A. Aniar

Occupation: Fisherman

Mother’s Name: Ginalyn A. Aniar

Occupation: Housewife

26
Educational Background

Elementary Education: Ambulong Island Integrated

S.Y. 2013-2014

Address : Barangay Ambulong, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Secondary Education : Ambulong Island Integrated (Junior High School)

S.Y. 2017-2018

Address : Barangay Ambulong, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

: Pedro T. Mendiola Senior Memorial National High School

(Senior High school)

S.Y. 2019-2020

Address : Bagong Sikat, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

College Education : Occidental Mindoro State College-Murtha Campus

Course : Bachelor of Science in Agriculture

Major : Crop Science

27