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Lebelling Lab Ex-01

The document describes a mine surveying lab experiment on measuring the height between two points using a digital level. The objectives and theory of levelling are provided. The experimental setup, procedure, collected data and arithmetic check are detailed. The results found the percentage error between the sum of backsight readings and foresight readings compared to the difference between starting and ending reduced levels was 3.17%, indicating the aims of determining elevation differences between points was achieved.

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AHMED SAKIB 1807005
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17 views

Lebelling Lab Ex-01

The document describes a mine surveying lab experiment on measuring the height between two points using a digital level. The objectives and theory of levelling are provided. The experimental setup, procedure, collected data and arithmetic check are detailed. The results found the percentage error between the sum of backsight readings and foresight readings compared to the difference between starting and ending reduced levels was 3.17%, indicating the aims of determining elevation differences between points was achieved.

Uploaded by

AHMED SAKIB 1807005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHITTAGONG UNIVERSIITY OF

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY


DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM & MINING ENGINEERING

COURSE CODE: PME-264


COURSE TITLE: MINE SURVEYING LABORATORY
EXPERIMENT NO: 01
EXPERIMENT NAME : Measure the height between two points

SUBMITTED BY:

Name: Ahmed Sakib


REMARKS
Level: 02
Term: 02
ID: 1807005
Date of Submission: 06/01/2022

Objective:
Measure the height between two points

THEORY:
Levelling is an instrument by which the relative heights of different points on the surface of the
earth are determined. It is the process by means of which the difference in elevation of various
points on the earth’s surface is calculated. It deals with measurements in a vertical plane.
Levelling can be used in all aspects of surveying.
The basic principle of levelling involves determining the height difference between two points.
To eliminate systematic errors related to atmospheric conditions or to residual line-of-sight error,
the instrument should be about equidistant from the two points.

ΔH = R -V
Fig 1: Leica DNA03 DIGITAL LEVEL

Formula Used :
HI=RL+BS
RL=HI-FS
RL=HI-IS

Where,

RL=Reduced Level
BS=Back Side
FS=Fore Side
IS=Instrument Slide

PARTS OF DIGITAL LEVEL:

FIG 02: PARTS OF DGITAL LAVEL


1. On/ off button 22. Focusing drive
2. Base plate
3. Foot screws 23. Endless horizontal drive (bi-directional)
4. Horizontal circle
5. Lever to unlatch battery
6. Battery compartment
7. Button to unlatch card compartment cover
8. Card compartment cover
9. Display
10. Circular level
11. Hand grip with aiming sight
12. Ocular 13 Keyboard
13. Objective
14. Battery GEB111 (optional)
15. PCMCIA or CF-card with adapter (optional)
16. Battery GEB121 (optional)
17. Battery adapter GAD39; 6 single cells (optional)
18. Light duct for circular level
19. Plug stopper for crosshair adjustment knob
20. RS232 serial interface with external power supply
21. Measuring button

Experimental Setup:

Levelling-up the instrument:

1.Extend the legs of the tripod as far as is required and tighten the screws firmly.
2. Set up the tripod so that the tripod plate is as horizontal as possible and the legs of the tripod
are firm in the ground.
3. Now, and only now, place the instrument on the tripod and secure it with the central fixing
screw.

Setting up the total station over a ground point:

1.Place the tripod approximately over the ground point.


2.Inspect the tripod from various sides and correct its position so that the tripod plate is roughly
horizontal and above the ground point (illustration, top left).
3.Push the tripod legs firmly into the ground and use the central fixing screw to secure the
instrument on the tripod.
4.Switch on the laser plummet (or, for older instruments, look through the optical plummet) and
turn the foo to crews so that the laser dot or the optical plummet is center on the ground point
(illustration, top right).
5.Centre the bull’s-eye bubble by adjusting the lengths of the tripod legs (illustration below).
6.After accurately levelling up the instrument, release the central fixing screw so that you can
displace it on the tripod plate until the laser dot is center precisely over the ground point.

PROCEDURE:
1. Set up the instrument at S1.
2. Set up the staff precisely vertically at point B; read off and record the height (backsight R).
3. Set up the staff at the turning point 1 (ground plate or prominent ground point); read off
and record the height (foresight V).
4. Set up the instrument at S2 (the staff remains at the turning point 1).
5. Carefully rotate the staff at the turning point 1 so that it faces the instrument.
6. Read off the backsight and continue.

The height difference between A and B is equal to the sum of the backsight and the foresight.
DATA:

section distance BS IS FS HI RL REMARKS


A 9.7 1.363272 271.863 270.5 BM
2
4.84 1.540075 270.3231
9.885 1.50729 270.356
12.7 1.50980 270.3534
B 12.8 1.2348 1.48875 271.588 270.09 CP 1
2
7.17 1.40917 270.179
8.11 1.410785 270.177
C 10.035 1.248335 1.44295 271.425 269.98 CP2
9.59 1.29873 270.126
12.66 1.25272 270.172
14.836 1.242117 270.183
∑ BS=3.4846407 ∑ FS=4.173817

ARITHMETIC CHECK:

∴ ∑ BS−∑ FS= 3.846407 −¿ 4.173817


= -0.3274
∴ Last RL−¿First RL= 270.183−¿270.5
= -0.317
∴ ∑ BS−∑ FS ≅ Last RL −¿First RL
Percentage of error = ( 0.3274−0.317
0.3274 )× 100
=3.17%
DISCUSSION:
The exercise had achieved its aims, since the difference in elevation from point
to point were determine and as a student, I was able to know how to read the staff from the
level and also conduct a levelling exercise.In this experiment, at first, we setup our levelling
instrument. The Levelling is not perfectly levelled. The value we have taken is not accurate
perfectly. When we change the station there some error being occurred. So, the value we
are calculated is not perfect, there are a little amount of error.

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