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33 views13 pages3E3B23AD-B95D-4123-9BE0-C701DE464441
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/ 13
Chemeca\ rnetios
anavoduction
© reaction rart
- * Mequurts the vpeeg of a Chemical reacnon eccore
Z 2 Can pe atrecleO by Mubipte facrece
2 Myevlal_vigt et tne ceactanrs
= 2 feactant Co cestration ~
$ _Reacrion temptratre
Presence O+ anlatyst
facrore tnat affect reaction _raret
0 Prysical date of Mactant$ =
© Reactant’ collide % rtact
6 Me mor reqaitiy Kactam mo reures @itide,
tre taste te tate . ~~
; © Depenas 07 thE phairs of tre reartanh 1.
* Soli with more Vurface arec; _mact fash
¢ 9 mecticing in 0¢ powder ve mec O7€ in Table >
0 ine paucter = higntr TTA Grea, aiceenies In
entere blood Quicker = Oe
=
=
3 7 * —
=] © reaction temperature a
SH Eek rccrion increges rt _tmotratvre filne
_ 2 TemPTratveg, ot actor, bo! __afteeT ime ring \
ce (tT Surges of morecuie § ne
= \ i Hoteovte s_toiias more feequcnthy ied
1 S_Increacs 1 -tate ot peacton,
= Si titamee_ ot sata ys Tr
rs
sy 2 Catan agents nich crease te ttion rat i
=| © Affect me epilition of moteeuies th :
Reaction tates \
@svecd 91 ANC reaction Sccurg = change in Wt a .
tnnfeerTation cf reactaxte or proavety pe wil ed ime
© Reactans ncentrotiom emote
9 Paver eoncentrarons jnereqse =
a8 Ly
Charge in Ame 0
Lee ¢ haage in concen® Qtinn 0? B stb) ~
Change in time . Date Page
a
: SO —lhitanteneoye rate nee
‘ @inHamaccovs Mar,
1 r . evlOr_mSIO04 Awting me _reachin
1 ke \ r
© Drow 9 tangent lim pt euevé at 1» 0
Actrmington of msianionrovs rate gt 1 Of
(210-0)s Reaction rarec and StOiGh\o we ty
$ Bare of reocton™ Ai vapprarang 2 Rate of prodveTs
ae eppeaaince
amar @ cg. art be C+ ap 7 5
i per 4 4 atD
ae pene SUL: rye eaeeruil cL ney L)
a Bt Be
]
» © BK siciowiomeny of tne reactoae Gnd Products to ctotermine
tne rote of reaction
© Reacronts'~Ve sign-> cicapp-earastr 0 Na cheats
# Alacionts+ + Ve vign > appearance of pro duet
Fore taw
© for q general reachon
adt ob—rcct ap
@® Tre rate jaw generally nag yne@ form
roe K[a]"(0]"
Ome constan) k= 7MC tate concent
@ Mognituae of it _adteord YY the Kmper anice
© tr ponent mE * reacton ordre
En =l the rae iv ~Host arte" Aan is alto ———— Date Page
gars - 4601 = KOA]
be
r @ integrated Me parc low for diest = orcie reaction
€ Jolt] = fn[A Tg = =nt or _Inzag, = ov
Can we navraogeg as: (r[A], * lt tn [A 1p.
__@ When ne Hest _orcler rate equane? is oxpresseal oe
a aaneae |
inde, a: = ayet 7 LLAlo
=
= m+
@ tree tore, a graph of InLA] vs. time “Pigtraignt une Queph
@ lope, mi-te
« czmlrlo
vecond order req chioas @©E9 2 = proctwct = ;
fare SCAT ~ wfaye Cy
at
@ ditterentare the pate law fer yiceng = ov be rege non. Fl
on 1
—| a, (A Jo
r. @ When wc _veemes oreter cate tguahon is expN Sse os
yum vt C a
ae eet 7 f
Cl, [Ajo
fuels Cop f
Yor m tC
Therefore, a geapr ot t/Lady vs int» VYeaig ly Bae mae
@ Slope, m =k
a c= (/fPlo
Zeto~ ord action ;
© re Crater _reacton~ Ye rare of aivappecrane of A
or CA]
ee
at
tt rote law Sgr zero-order rachon iv
LA},2-0 +LAJs * wren ine zero-order Wain eqaatioMtebetenin.dlanyvavie
Tale= -+ + [ao
Toth af:
¢ Therefor , a graph 01 Cali ys. timt—» ciraign? line grapy
$ cope , m= - Ik
« 9=[a),
oc
=
zc os
=
=
=
nfenng re,
Time
Holl bfe ef a reamony typ ine time required toe “tne
Gon centration 0+ g reactant 10 feach nalf 118 imitiol yar «
City, = s[*]Jo
$LATy aoc ty, = th Tiree orden marion
2 Supstitut [4h ys 2
m2 fhe ath fg
[A]o
nse ste
ee Oye
TH 6.698
aed
Ye z =
affecting rate of facrien = in ereculer
—— shot: mart une tp tach
Sa ise gt ater ioe pe) pr canon errors a
——tr_qreatte ne _wacsio ]
+ ALM ctant _onceohotion anomattcy no» #t Oligsme
horaces
SO _merea
hen _wor® yo WANS
Iw , os 4
f mettre: mutt We pfiented yn a eertain way oT
ik }
inion toro raction Te occur
© Relaivt orientahon~ atom ere UTA positonrd Yo os
frm ney bonds i
9 9 ol + NOCI>N0 402
rgy Comes Wom kinenc energy 01 We eoliding motec ones
tnergy js vied J changy *he portnha) energy ot
peoule~ ptre¢ch, bend an of ginmartly beak bone
Chumica) kachon Crapter 10 — rs
Chemical Thermodynamics Date Pag
ue
= SFOUTANEITY AND ewTROPY,
= SPONTANEOUS PROCESS
SPowTANEOUS
SH} we oF process umen DOLE VOT WED THE APPLICATION OF EneMeY Te IME PUNE:
3 A Aspertarcous Protes € q peysical er heel can change mat occurs by elf,
-AG
=] ° Spowmneous virection is Down HILL
\ PROCECDS UNAIDED
a
WONSPONTAIVEON §
SM aitibotat proceed marrcat Ime Use of energy % MARL 14 Napen,
SEES me use ot energy
a + Ww one that eccurs without ON SLAC IntervEntitn
Ee inververiee
ee 0
, 7 Ice mecrnh REMOVA. OF SUGAR FRoft
t —4er109 Timol Angier,
C2 ik Ase [43/mj 6
The vecond lav oF Thermoct namics ’
The weconel (Au of qhermactynanics vane, Yhat we Wig] entry *7 Wwe yniverce-
ALAIN INCRENES POR A \ROMPAMTDU) PR oiEre
AS universe ~ A Seysemt AS vy rrovnetings > 0
eof Ie Universe jx determined wom We sun oT enTrEPY
Aintiopy charg’ recite eit
ange of * ¥skm € eerounoting’ (iT MUST pF 4 POS
as tap increase jn eawopy).
e TROP (POMER MIC MND EADOMUERAIC REACTION! my 08 SPONTANEDUS)
t—7C Ho tH
Erdomnermics ALG + #7
soils eect 0
PER CTION §
heat released to We wurreundin gf
? >
oP! py
oes Fs F ined
tre HOH EerePry orange fOr the poeess can we aeHMID
in me Same woy as WE Extalp change for vnc ceamhen WIG
_Cardard Absow% Entrepes inskad # Enmepres OF FoizM7?O
For sy cremical Reachop *
AS °ctaChon = AS product = AS tract
Exanple *
Given: S*uHD2 19% T/Ks mos V'N0z21 T/k mos
TS CAO 26 OE YK: Ol Pons 37202 TTI molaie So aes ia
As*reochons (4SN0+ GS*H0) — (48 nH+53°O2) *
= (4 (2676 fk nel) £6 CES FBT mol) — C4 (102. 45 F/ke
4 080265. TK wel Js jee SS
1549. 04 T) Kemi t 32,99 Jleimol ) = (469.6 TIS" mol +
——1025-7-a/K+ mol) _ = —
= 1976.02 T1k-m| — [195.5 T/K imo)
= 1805 F/kn6l : a
Date Page SS ae
Be DORR PER CTOSS
Giseder within tne vst mcreaecs ev THCIEMY
>) systen 16 greater than Me aeemarce et WE “UeTEVeRe
EntePry Change of areachon
— GinOS Ree ENeRey swD ctemeay EauLiBRUN
ore cte energy)
© GritAON for spovTanemy sot APES OF A PROCS AND om
He AMOUNT oF EWERGY THAT ap BE OBTAINED FF, Me
ag DERE MED FRO DERE IN VAUES OF TWO DIFFEEtWT
{ Date Page
HBG 1S negatic proce tt sTeMtonevs
14 AG 1s petitive, We Process 1S ver-rpontaneous
VE AG Ve
