In this lesson, you will be able to answer the following questions:

1. What is mass?
2. What is volume?
Jump Start 3. How can you determine the mass and volume of an
object?

Feed Your
Mater has mass and volume. Look at the picture below.
Mind

0.5 kg of Iron Dumbbell 0.5 kg of Cotton Balls

Which is heavier: 0.5 kg of iron dumbbell or 0.5 kg of cotton balls? Which occupies
more space: the iron dumbbell or the cotton balls?

The dumbbell and the cotton balls have the same mass, but the cotton balls occupy
more space than the dumbbell. Using the pictures, we can easily determine which has
more volume.

It would take a lot of cotton balls to achieve 0.5 kg, while a small dumbbell is more
compact.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object. You can determine the mass of an object
using an instrument such as a balance or a weighing scale. The most common unit or
measure for mass is gram (g) or kilogram (kg).

Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object. You can measure the volume of
objects which are regular or irregular shape.
If the shape of a solid object is regular (that is, it has well-defined dimensions of
length, width, and height), you can determine its volume by multiplying its three
dimensions. For example, the formula for getting the volume of a rectangular solid is
V=l x w x h (where V is the volume, l is the length, w is the width, and h is the height).
The volume of a rectangular solid is usually expressed in cubic centimeters (cm³)
Example:
What is the volume of the rectangular block of wood?

Given: l = 20 cm
w = 10 cm
h = 5 cm
V=lxwxh
= 20 cm x 10 cm x 5 cm
= 1 000 cm³

To determine the volume of irregular-shaped solids (those

which do not have well- defined dimensions), you can use
the Water Displacement Method. This
method follows the principle of matter that no two things can
occupy the same space at the same time.

To determine the volume of an irregular-shaped solid such as a stone, follow these

steps:
1. Pour water onto the graduated cylinder up to a certain level (for example, 40 ml).
This is your initial reading.
2. Place the object (stone) gently inside the graduated cylinder. Take note of the
change in the water level. It is now 50 ml. This is your final
reading.
3. Subtract your final reading from the initial reading (50 ml – 40
ml). This will give you 10 ml, which is also equivalent to 10 cm³. (In
water, 1 ml is equal to 1 cm³.) The volume of the object is 10 cm³.
Note that
when you
read the level of
the water
in the

graduated cylinder, your eyes should be at the same level as the lower curved part of
the water. This curved part is called the meniscus.

Objective: Measure the mass and the volume of regular and

irregular solids
Materials: block of wood, notebook, stone, rubber eraser, graduated cylinder, ruler,
balance or weighing scale
Procedure:
1. Measure the mass of the block of wood, notebook, stone, and rubber eraser using
a balance or a weighing scale. Record the results in the data chart below.
2. Measure the volume of the same objects.
a. For regular-shaped solids, measure each side of the object using the ruler (in
centimetres). Solve for the volume of each object.
b. For irregular-shape solid(s), do the water displacement method.

Data Chart on the Mass and Volume of Objects

Object Mass Volume
 1. Block of Wood
2. Notebook
3. Stone
4. Rubber Eraser

Questions:
1. Which of the objects is the heaviest? the lightest?

2. Which of the objects occupies the most space? the least space?

●Matter has mass and volume.

●Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
●Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object.
●Regular-shaped objects are those that have well-defined
dimensions of length, width, and height, while irregular-
shaped objects are those that do not have well-defined
dimensions.
●For regular-shaped objects, you can determine their volume
by multiplying their dimensions. For irregular-shaped objects,
Rundow you can use the water displacement method.

Directions: Answer the following questions. Write your

answer on the blank below.

Brain
1. What is the mass of the lighter being measured? Challenge
________________________________________

2. What is
the reading
 of the water level in the graduated cylinder?
________________________________________

3. The initial reading of water level in a graduated cylinder is 4 ml. After

Placing objects in the graduated cylinder, the water level rises to 6 ml. what is the
volume of the object?
________________________________________

4. What is the volume of the box below? _________________________________

5. What is the difference between mass and volume?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

A. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank.

_____ 1. Which of the following is an example of a solid?

a. vinegar c. cooking oil
b. alcohol d. handkerchief
_____ 2. Which of the following statements is true about liquids?
a. All liquids flow easily.
b. Liquids have definite shapes.
c. Liquids do not occupy space.
d. Liquids take the place of their containers.
_____ 3. What do you call the space occupied by matter?
a. mass c. texture
b. weight d. volume
_____ 4. Which among the physical properties of matter refers to the roughness or
smoothness of a material?
a. color c. size
b. shape d. texture
_____ 5. Which of the following refers to the amount of matter present in an object?
a. ductility c. mass
b. malleability d. volume

B. Match the materials in column A with the property they exhibit in column B.
Write the letter of your answer on the blank.

A B
_____ 1. syrup a. brittleness
_____ 2. rubber band b. ductility
_____ 3. glass c. malleability
_____ 4. copper wire d. elasticity
_____ 5. gold ring e. viscosity

C. Identify if the object is a solid, liquid, or a gas. Write S for solids, L for liquids,
and G for gasses.

_____ 1. water vapor _____ 5. air _____ 9. watermelon

_____ 2. sugar _____ 6. raincoat _____ 10. milk
_____ 3. mango juice _____ 7. oil
_____ 4. rain _____ 8. rice
D. Solve the following: (Use the spaces provided to show your solution)
1. Box A measures 30 cm x 25 cm x 30 cm. Box B measures 15 cm x 10 cm x 30 cm.
Which of the two boxes occupies more space?

2. What is the volume of the box below?

3. What is the volume of the milk carton below?