Chest Compression

PRINCIPLES BLS Adult Algorithm

CELOCIA, MARSHIN THEA MARIE A.
Verify scene safety.
BSN 4 BLOCK A

Check for responsiveness.

Shout for nearby help.

Basic Life
Activate emergency response
system via mobile device (if
appropriate)
Get AED and emergency equipment

Normal
breathing,
pulse felt
No normal breathing,
pulse felt
Support &
First Aid
Look for no breathing
Provide rescue
Monitor until or only gasping and
breathing. 1 breath
emergency check pulse
every 6 secs or 10
responders arrive. (simultaneously).
breaths/min
ADULT Is pulse definitely felt
Check pulse every 2
mins. If no pulse,
within 10 seconds?
LANDMARKING start CPR.
If possible opioid
With the hand closest to the head, place the heel of that hand No breathing or overdose, administer WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
on the sternum in the centre of the chest, making sure it is not only gasping, naloxone if available
on the xiphoid process. pulse not felt per protocol
Place the heel of the other hand on the top of the first hand.
By this time in all scenarios,
Interlace the fingers to keep them off the chest. emergency response system or
Landmark every time you remove your hands from an adult backup is activated, and AED and
patient’s chest. emergency equipment are retrieved
SINGLE RESCUER TWO RESCUER COMPRESSION RATIOS or someone is retrieving them.
RATIO (> 8 years) 30 compressions 30 compressions 100 per minute
START CPR
2 ventilations 2 ventilations
Perform cycles of 30
CHILD compressions and 2
breaths.
LANDMARKING Use AED as soon as it is
available.
Place the heel of one hand on the sternum in the centre of the
chest. Make sure it is not on the xiphoid process.
Only the heel of the hand should be in contact with the chest.
AED arrives.
For the child, you administer cardiac compressions with one
or two hand - as needed.
Subsequently, landmarking is done visually.
Check rhythm.
SINGLE RESCUER TWO RESCUER COMPRESSION RATIOS
Shockable rhythm?
RATIO (1-8 years) 30 compressions 30 compressions 100 per minute
2 ventilations 2 ventilations Yes, No,
shockable nonshockable
INFANT
LANDMARKING Give 1 shock. Resume CPR
Resume CPR immediately for
immediately for 2 minutes
Place two fingers in the middle of the infant’s chest between (until prompted by AED to
2 minutes (until prompted by
the nipples. Sliding your fingers to just below the nipple line. AED to allow rhythm check).
allow rhythm check).
Continue until ALS providers
Administer chest compressions with the two fingers. Continue until ALS providers
take over or victim starts to
take over or victim starts to
move.
SINGLE RESCUER TWO RESCUER COMPRESSION RATIOS move.
RATIO (<1 year) 30 compressions 30 compressions 100 per minute
2 ventilations 2 ventilations SIR JOSEPH CHRISTIAN BACLEON
CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR
CPR PRINCIPLES Heimlich Maneuver
Involves manually applying forceful upward pressure
ONE RESCUER CPR in Adult, Child & to the choking person's upper abdomen in order to
push a foreign item out of their throat.
infant
Check the surroundings STEPS
ADULT & CHILD (CONSCIOUS)
Establish unresposiveness GIVE 5 BACK BLOWS

Activate EMS Defibrillator (for child or infant,

TWO RESCUER CPR in Adult, Child & Stand behind a choking adult or kneel behind a child, placing your arm
across their chest for support. Bend them over at the waist and deliver five

do 2 mins CPR before EMS) infant back blows between the shoulder blades using the heel of your hand.
GIVE 5 CHEST THRUSTS
If back blows fail, administer five abdominal thrusts, known as the
Open Airway
Check the surroundings Heimlich maneuver.
ALTERNATE BETWEEN FIVE BLOWS AND FIVE THRUSTS UNTIL THE
BLOCKAGE IS DISLODGED.
Rescuer 1 is performing CPR
Rescuer 2 will identify him/her self and INFANT (CONSCIOUS)
checks that EMS has been activated GIVE 5 BACK BLOWS
Position your baby facedown on your forearm, hold their jaw, and rest
Rescuer 1 completes 30:2 cycle then your arm on your leg. Administer five forceful blows between the shoulder
reassess vitals (no more than 10 sec) blades using the heel of your hand.
GIVE 5 CHEST THRUSTS
Rescuer 2 co-operates with rescuer 1 with If the object persists, place the infant face up on your thigh and administer

Check for breathing reassessment five chest thrusts, 1 to 1-1/2 inches deep, using your index and middle
fingers. Alternate between back blows and chest thrusts until the infant
If NO visible signs, clears the object or resumes independent breathing.
If absent, check for pulse.
One rescuer now performs chest compressions. LOOK IN THE MOUTH TO CHECK IF YOU CAN SEE THE OBJECT
If absent, landmark. If you can see the object remove it carefully with your finger. Do not do a
The other now administer rescue breaths.
"blind" finger sweep.
Start CPR
Rescuer 1 and 2 will change positions with little
Give 30 chest compressions followed by 2
interruption every few minutes
breaths/ventilation for 100 compressions
per minute
Repeat 5 sets of 30:2 then reassess

Let’s
Learn How ADULT & CHILD (UNCONSCIOUS)
Lower the unconscious person onto the floor with arms to the sides.

to Save Life. Clear the airway by sweeping out any visible object with a finger, avoiding
blind finger sweeps.
If the person remains unresponsive, initiate CPR.

INFANT (UNCONSCIOUS)
Defibrillator
Perform the tongue-jaw lift by placing your thumb in the infant's mouth,
grasping the lower incisor teeth or gums, and lifting the jaw upward.
Remove the foreign body if visible.
If the foreign body is removed and the infant is not breathing, begin CPR.