AQA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Science) Unit 4 Chemical Change Higher Revision Mat 1

a d h
What is an oxidation reaction? (in terms of oxygen transfer) Describe what a metal reacting with an acid can tell you about Describe how to make a soluble salt from an insoluble base.
the reactivity of the metal.

acid + metal salt + hydrogen 1. Choose an a .

Write an equation to show an oxidation reaction. 2. Choose an i base.

3. Warm the a .

What is a reduction reaction? 4. Add the insoluble base to the acid until there is no further
r .

5. F the mixture.
Write an equation to show a reduction reaction.
e 6. Heat the solution to e the water.
On the pH scale, label:
7. C of salt will start to form.
strong acid;
strong alkali;
b neutral;
Place the following metals in order of reactivity – adding the weak acid;
names to the symbols. weak alkali. i
Complete the neutralisation reaction.
Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Li, K, Mg, Ca
What does the pH show?
acid + base s +w

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) .

Why are hydrogen and carbon sometimes included in the reactivity What is the pH of the products of a neutralisation reaction?
series?
a) 1 b) 7 c) 14

f j
Place arrows on the reactivity series where hydrogen and carbon Some metals react with water to produce Complete the following:
could go.
O
Why is gold often found in its pure state?
Some metals react with acid to produce I

L
c
Complete the word equations. g
To measure pH you can use… (select two) R
zinc carbonate + sulfuric acid
universal indicator I
magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid Litmus paper
iodine G
magnesium carbonate + nitric acid methylene blue
Benedict’s solution is the loss of electrons and is the gaining of electrons.
calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid pH meter

visit twinkl.com
AQA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Science) Unit 4 Chemical Change Higher Revision Mat 2

a b e
Describe how aluminium is extracted by electrolysis. In which of the following reactions will a displacement reaction In copper sulfate solution what forms at the:
occur? cathode anode
copper oxide + magnesium
Why?
magnesium oxide + iron
potassium oxide + zinc
zinc oxide + lithium

Why do some of them not work? In sodium chloride solution what forms at the:
cathode anode

Why?
c
Describe what happens during the process of electrolysis.

What are the tests for:

Why is aluminium oxide mixed with cryolite? chlorine;

What is the overall equation for the electrolysis of Al₂O₃ to make hydrogen;
aluminium and oxygen?
oxygen?

f
Strong acids are completely/partially ionised in an aqueous
solution
Why can aluminium not be extracted by carbon?
d
The pH of an acid or alkali is a measure of the concentration A weak acid is completely/partially ionised in an aqueous solution.
of ions.
The concentration of an acid is

A pH change from 4 to 2 increases H+ concentration by a factor of…

Write the equation for the reaction at the negative electrode.
a) 10 b) 100 c) 1000
g
(choose the correct answer) I understand the following topic

The pH of a strong acid is than the pH of a weaker

Write the equation for the reaction at the positive electrode.
acid if they have the same .
I need to work on the following topic

Acids produce in aqueous solutions.

Alkalis produce in aqueous solutions.

visit twinkl.com
AQA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Science) Unit 4 Chemical Change Higher Revision Mat 3

a c
Describe how you would carry out a titration reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. 34.8cm³ of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was neutralised by 50.0cm³ of hydrochloric acid (HCl), with
a concentration of 0.150 mol/dm³. Find the concentration of the sodium hydroxide.

HCl + NaOH H₂O + NaCl

b
Complete the risk assessment below.

Hazard Risk Emergency Procedure

irritant

phenolphthalein solution toxic Inform teacher immediately.

visit twinkl.com
AQA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Science) Unit 4 Chemical Change Higher Revision Mat Answers 1

a d h
What is an oxidation reaction? (in terms of oxygen transfer) Describe what a metal reacting with an acid can tell you about Describe how to make a soluble salt from an insoluble base.
The gaining of oxygen in a reaction. the reactivity of the metal.

acid + metal salt + hydrogen 1. Choose an acid.

Write an equation to show an oxidation reaction. 2. Choose an insoluble base.
e.g. copper + oxygen copper oxide The speed of a reaction is shown by the rate that hydrogen gas is
3. Warm the acid.
given off by the reaction.
What is a reduction reaction? The more reactive the metal, the faster the reaction will be. 4. Add the insoluble base to the acid until there is no further
reaction.
The loss of oxygen in a reaction. Slow reactions: copper, zinc, iron
Quick reactions: potassium, sodium, lithium 5. Filter the mixture.

Write an equation to show a reduction reaction. 6. Heat the solution to evaporate the water.
e
e.g. magnesium oxide magnesium + oxide On the pH scale, label:
7. Crystals of salt will start to form.
strong acid; (0 - 3)
strong alkali; (12 - 14)
b neutral; (7)
Place the following metals in order of reactivity – adding the
weak acid; (4 - 6)
names to the symbols. i
weak alkali. (8 - 11) Complete the neutralisation reaction.
Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Li, K, Mg, Ca
What does the pH show? acid + base salt + water
potassium sodium lithium calcium magnesium zinc iron copper
The measure of H+ ions in the solution.
H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) H2O (l)
carbon hydrogen
Why are hydrogen and carbon sometimes included in the reactivity What is the pH of the products of a neutralisation reaction?
series?
They are used in the extraction of the metals. a) 1 b) 7 c) 14

f j
Place arrows on the reactivity series where hydrogen and carbon Some metals react with water to produce Complete the following:
could go. metal hydroxide and hydrogen
Oxidation
Why is gold often found in its pure state?
Gold is a very unreactive metal. Some metals react with acid to produce Is
salt and hydrogen
Loss
c
Complete the word equations. g Reduction
To measure pH you can use… (select two)
zinc carbonate + sulfuric acid zinc sulfate + water + carbon dioxide
Is
universal indicator
magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid magnesium chloride + water
pH meter Gain
magnesium carbonate + nitric acid magnesium nitrate + water +
carbon dioxide
Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gaining of
calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + water + electrons.
carbon dioxide
AQA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Science) Unit 4 Chemical Change Higher Revision Mat Answers 2

a b e
Describe how aluminium is extracted by electrolysis. Which of the following reactions will occur? (displacement) In copper sulfate solution what forms at the:
copper oxide + magnesium cathode anode
magnesium oxide + iron copper oxygen and water
Why?
potassium oxide + zinc
Copper is less reactive than hydrogen so copper is formed.
zinc oxide + lithium

In sodium chloride solution what forms at the:

Why do some of them not work?
cathode anode
The metal has to be more reactive than the metal in the compound
hydrogen chlorine
to take its place. Why?
The positive Al3+ ions are attracted to the negative electrode
Sodium more reactive than hydrogen so hydrogen is formed.
(cathode) where they gain electrons (3) – making them neutral. c
Describe what happens during the process of electrolysis.
The negative O2- ions are attracted to the positive electrode What are the tests for:
When electricity is passed through the solution, the positive ions
(anode) where they lose electrons (2) – making them neutral.
in the solution go towards the negative electrode where they gain chlorine;
Why is aluminium oxide mixed with cryolite? electrons. The negative ions go towards the positive electrode bleaches damp litmus paper
To lower the melting point. where they lose electrons.
hydrogen;
What is the overall equation for the electrolysis of Al₂O₃ to make squeaky pop test
aluminium and oxygen?
aluminium oxide aluminium + oxygen oxygen?
relight a glowing splint
2Al₂O₃ 4Al + 3O₂
f
Strong acids are completely/partially ionised in an aqueous
solution
Why can aluminium not be extracted by carbon?
Aluminium is more reactive than carbon so cannot be displaced. d
The pH of an acid or alkali is a measure of the concentration A weak acid is completely/partially ionised in an aqueous solution.
+
of H ions.
The concentration of an acid is
Write the equation for the reaction at the negative electrode.
A pH change from 4 to 2 increases H+ concentration by a factor a measure of the number of hydrogen ions in a solution.
Al3+ + 3e- Al
of…
g
a) 10 b) 100 c) 1000 I understand the following topic
Write the equation for the reaction at the positive electrode.
(choose the correct answer)
2O2- O₂ + 4e-

The pH of a strong acid is less than the pH of a weaker acid if they

I need to work on the following topic
have the same concentration.
Acids produce H+ in aqueous solutions.
Alkalis produce OH- in aqueous solutions.
AQA GCSE Chemistry (Separate Science) Unit 4 Chemical Change Higher Revision Mat Answers 3

a c
Describe how you would carry out a titration reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. 34.8cm³ of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was neutralised by 50.0cm³ of hydrochloric acid (HCl), with
a concentration of 0.150 mol/dm³. Find the concentration of the sodium hydroxide.
1. Using the pipette and pipette filler, measure 25cm³ sodium
hydroxide solution and pour into a conical flask. HCl + NaOH H₂O + NaCl
2. Add several drops of phenolphthalein to the sodium hydroxide solution. volume of acid: 50.0cm³
3. Swirl the flask and the mixture should be pink.
concentration of acid: 0.150mol/dm³
4. Place the conical flask on a white tile.
volume of alkali: 34.8cm³
5. Place the burette into its stand, ensuring the tap is closed. Using the funnel, fill the burette with
concentration of alkali: ?
sulfuric acid to the 0cm³ line. Should you go above this line, open the tap and allow the excess to
run off into a beaker. volume of acid: 50.00cm³ ÷ 1000 = 0.05dm³
6. Once the burette is correctly filled, place over the conical flask. volume of alkali: 34.80cm³ ÷ 1000 = 0.0348dm³
7. Carefully open the tap so the acid flows slowly into the conical flask. Swirl the flask and look for
the indicator changing from pink to colourless.
amount in mol = volume in dm³ × concentration in mol/dm³
8. Continue adding the acid to the flask until the indicator is permanently colourless.
amount in mol (acid): 0.05 × 0.150 = 0.0075mol
9. Record the total volume of acid added to the sodium hydroxide in the results table.
from the equation: 1mol acid (HCl) : 1mol alkali (NaCl)
10. Repeat the experiment twice more.
amount in mol (acid): 0.0075mol

concentration in mol/dm³ = amount in mol ÷ volume in dm³

0.0075 ÷ 0.0348 = 0.22mol/dm³

b
Complete the risk assessment below.

Hazard Risk Emergency Procedure

sodium hydroxide solution irritant Wash off skin immediately and

inform the teacher.

phenolphthalein solution toxic Inform teacher immediately.

sulfuric acid irritant Wash off skin and inform teacher.

visit twinkl.com