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Ferrule &wiring PDF

This document provides an overview of schematic drawing standards used to represent electrical equipment and circuits. It discusses: 1. Standard equipment numbers used to identify relays, contacts, terminals and other components in schematic drawings. 2. Common symbols used to represent normally open and closed contacts. 3. Ferrule numbering conventions to identify wires by their circuit function and phase. 4. General practices for control and protection wiring, including color coding, mimic diagrams, and device identification. The document aims to explain schematic drawings and their standards to enable easy understanding of circuit operations and fault tracing.

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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
8K views26 pages

Ferrule &wiring PDF

This document provides an overview of schematic drawing standards used to represent electrical equipment and circuits. It discusses: 1. Standard equipment numbers used to identify relays, contacts, terminals and other components in schematic drawings. 2. Common symbols used to represent normally open and closed contacts. 3. Ferrule numbering conventions to identify wires by their circuit function and phase. 4. General practices for control and protection wiring, including color coding, mimic diagrams, and device identification. The document aims to explain schematic drawings and their standards to enable easy understanding of circuit operations and fault tracing.

Uploaded by

jazbiqdr9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCHEMATIC DRAWING READING

OVERVIEW
1. STANDARD EQUIPMENT NUMBERS USED IN SCHEMATIC
DRAWING.

2. VARIOUS SYMBOLS USED FOR VARIOUS TYPE OF


NO/NC CONTACT.

3. STANDARD RELAY NUMBERS USED FOR VARIOUS RELAYS.

4. STANDARD FERRULE USED FOR DC /CT /PT CIRCUIT.

5. STANDARD SYMBOLS USED FOR SHOWING VARIOUS


EQUIPMENTS IN SCHEMATIC DRAWING.
Introduction
 In a schematic diagram, the various component /parts, such as
 Coils or Relay,
 Main & Auxiliary contacts,
 Terminals and wiring are treated as separate &
independent of each other.
They are shown functionally in the circuit in which they
operate.

 In a schematic diagram, a code number usually called as


device code, is given to each coil or relay and
its associated contacts so that every part is clearly
identified.
Introduction

 The schematic wiring/diagram makes it possible to easily


understand

 a complicated wiring diagram.

 meaning & purpose of every contact or coil and the


conditions under which it operates

 It becomes easy to understand from it, the correct


sequence of operations.

 most useful for tracing faults.


General Wiring Practice
 For each equipment or line to be protected, a set of Control
& Relay panels is provided in the control room of the Sub-Station.

 Wiring of the associated equipments in the switch yard viz.


breaker, CT, Isolator etc. is routed through respective marshalling
kiosk and is terminated at appropriate terminals in the control &
Relay panels.

 The control wiring is generally terminated in the control panel


while the protection wiring is terminated in the relay panel.

 The control voltage is normally the station battery voltage at the


Sub-station, it is expected that each bay should have separate DC
cable with a separate fuse & switch in the D.C.D.B.
General Wiring Practice
 The Control wiring is divided into various functional groups
such as tripping, Closing, Indication, Annunciation etc. and each
group is associated with its separate fuse. The DC supply for
each functional group is generally supervised i.e. if the fuse
blows off or removed, the DC fail alarm indication appears.

 The Control & Relay panel wiring is carried out using gray color
wires.

 The CT & PT wires are normally wired-up with Red, Yellow, Blue
& Black colour coded wires indicating R, Y, B & N wires.

 Earth wire is identified by Green colour and Earth strip in the


C/R panel is painted with black colour for easy identification.
General Wiring Practice
 A mimic diagram with appropriate bus arrangement, breaker &
isolator semaphore indications is represented in picture on the
front of the control panel.

 Breaker ON/OFF indicating lamps, facia window indications,


Control switches and various instruments are also provided on
the front of the Control Panel.

 Various protective relays and other auxiliary relays related


to protections circuitry are provided on the Relay Panel.
General Wiring Practice

 A marking plate indicating the device number and brief


description is also attached near the relay to facilitate easy
identification.

 Relays with flag indications are generally associated with the


facia window indications. It is therefore essential to read
window indications together with the associated relay
indications to ascertain the exact nature of problem.
Device Numbers
BIS 375-1963 enumerates the standard equipment numbers used
in schematic drawings are illustrated below.

2 : Time delay relay


3 : Checking or interlocking relay
4 : Master contactor
21 : Distance protection relay
25 : Synchronizing or check synchronizing relay
27 : Under voltage relay
29 : Isolator / Disconnector
30 : Annunciator relay
32 : Directional power relay
37 : Under power relay
Device Numbers
40 : Field failure relay
46 : Reverse phase or phase balance relay
49 : Thermal relay
50 : Instantaneous over current relay
51 : A.C. time over current relay
52 : A.C. Circuit breaker
52 a : Circuit breaker auxiliary switch normally open
52 b : Circuit breaker auxiliary switch normally closed
55 : Power factor relay
56 : Field application relay
59 : Over voltage relay
64 : Earth fault relay
67 : A.C. Directional over current relay
Device Numbers
68 : Blocking relay
74 : Alarm relay
76 : D.C. Over current relay
77 : Phase angle out of step relay
79 : Auto Reclosing relay
81 : Frequency relay
82 : Automatic Selective Control or transfer relay
85 : Carrier or pilot wire receive relay
86 : Trip & Lockout relay
87 : Differential relay
89 : Electrical operated Isolator
95 : Trip circuit supervision relay
96 : Trip relay for L.B.B & Bus bar
Circuit Function Letters & Numbers
(Ferruling Practice)
 Each wire in the Control & Relay panel or equipment kiosk
bears a ferrule with a specific letter together with a number.

 This facilities easy identification of the wire and also the


functional wiring group.
For example ferrule with letter ‘D’ indicates that the wire
pertains to CT circuit for metering purpose.

 In addition wires for CT & PT circuits have a specific numbering


pattern for phase identification.
For example D11 denotes R phase, D31 denotes Y phase & D51
denotes B phase CT wire.
Same ferruling is provided at both ends of the wires.
Circuit Function Letters & Numbers
(Ferruling Practice)
 Wires from D.C. positive source bear ODD numbers (K1, K3 etc.)
whereas the wires from DC negative source bear EVEN numbers
(e. g: K2, K4 etc.). Where coils or resistors are connected in
series, the change from ODD to EVEN number is made at coil or
resistor nearest to the negative supply.

 For distinguishing the Transformer HV & LV side wiring, the HV


side wires will bear the usual wire numbers and 100 to be
added to the original number for LV side ferruling whenever
necessary.
For ex. If D11 is the CT wire for HV side then the corresponding
CT wire on LV side will bear a ferrule number D 111
Standard ferrule nos. used in Drawings

1) Current transformer circuits.


R Y B N
a. Main Protection Circuit A11 A31 A51 A71
b. Backup Protection Circuit C11 C31 C51 C71
c. Metering Circuit D11 D31 D51 D71
d. Bus Bar Protection Circuit B11 B31 B51 B71

2) Potential Transformer Circuit


a. Metering Circuit E21 E41 E61 E81
b. Protection Circuit E11 E31 E51 E71
c. Open delta E87 E88
Standard ferrule nos. used in Drawings
D.C. Circuits
1. D.C. Bus Wire (+Ve) J1
2. D.C. Bus Wire (–Ve) J2
3. D.C. Control Circuit (+ Ve) K1
4. D.C. Control Circuit (–Ve) K2
5. D.C. Indication Circuit (+Ve) L1
6. D.C. Indication Circuit (–Ve) L2
7. Annunciation Circuit (+Ve) L101
8. Annunciation Circuit (–Ve) L102
9. Isolator Control Circuit (+Ve) K501
10. Isolator Control Relay (–ve) K502
11. Main Prot Relay (+ve) K101
12. Main Prot Relay (–Ve) K102
13. Backup Prot Relay (+ve) K301
14. Backup Prot Relay (– Ve) K302
15. Dummy Contacts Pr. Free u
Standard ferrule nos. used in Drawings
A.C. Power Circuit
1. Phase H1
2. Neutral H2
Ferruling & Numbering of wiring of
Control circuit
 Symbol ‘A’ is used in C.T. ckt. for Distance protection or
Differential protection ckt.

e.g. :– A 11, A 31, A 51, A 71, A 111, A 131, A 151, A 171

 Symbol ‘C’ is used in C.T. ckt. for back-up Directional or non-


directional protection ckts.

e.g. :– C 11, C 31, C 51, C 71, C 111, C 131, C 151, C 171

 Symbol ‘D’ is used in C.T. ckt. for metering ckts.

e.g. : - D 11, D 31, D 51, D 71


Ferruling & Numbering of wiring of
Control circuit
 Symbol ‘E’ is used in P.T. ckt. for metering as well as protection
ckt.
e.g.: – E11 E31 E51 E71
E21 E41 E61 E81

 Symbol ‘H’ is used for A.C. ckt, as Heater ckt, Panel – Lighting
ckt, socket ckt,
e.g. H1, H2, H3, H4

 Symbol ‘J’ is used for D.C. ckt, Incoming supply of D.C.


e.g. – J1, J3, J4 etc. (Before fuse)

 Symbol ‘K’ is used for D.C. ckt, control supply after fuse,
e.g. K1, K2, K3, K4…..etc.
Ferruling & Numbering of wiring of
Control circuit
 Symbol ‘L’ is used for indication ckts, whether A.C. or D.C. &
Annunciation ckts,
e. g. L1, L2, L3, L4, L11, L12, L13, L14 etc.

 Symbol ‘M’ is used for spring charge motor ckt, whether A. C. or


D.C.,
e.g. M1, M2, M3, M4 etc.

 Symbol ‘P’ is used for D.C. ckt. of Bus-Bar Protection scheme,


e.g. P1,P2 etc.

 Symbol ‘S’ is used in C.T. ckt. for C.T. Secondary wiring from
C.T. Secondary box to C.T. Marshalling box,
e.g. – R – 1S1, R – 1S2, Y – 2S1, Y – 2S2, B –3S1, etc.
Ferruling & Numbering of wiring of
Control circuit
 Symbol ‘T’ is some times used for trip ckt.,
e.g. K – 3A – T, K – 3B – T, K – 3C– T, etc.

 Symbol ‘U’ is some times used for breaker Auxiliary switch


contacts, e.g. U1, U2, U3, U4, etc.

Symbol ‘N’ is used for RTCC Wiring.

 Symbol ‘R – Y – B’ are used for phases & phase sequence in C.T.


/ P.T. ckt. as well as A.C. ckt.
Standard Symbols

Some standard symbols used in the schematic drawings of


the Control & Relay panels and marshalling kiosks of the
equipments are illustrated as below.

There are certain variations in the symbol representation by


various vendors, however a separate sheet is normally
incorporated in the drawing representing these symbols.

Terminal number on the Terminal Board, Contactor or relay


on which the wire is terminated is marked appropriately in the
schematic drawing.
SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION

MAKE CONTACT THYRISTOR

MAKE CONTACT BREAK CONTACT


DELAYED PICKUP

MAKE CONTACT BREAK CONTACT


DELAYED DROP OFF DELAYED PICKUP

MAKE CONTACT WITH BREAK CONTACT


BLOWN OUT MAGNET DELAYED DROP OFF

MAKE CONTACT HAND BREAK CONTACT WITH


RESET BLOWN OUT MAGNET
SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION

BREAK CONTACT HAND CONTROL SWITCH


RESET

CAHNGE OVER RELAY COIL GENERAL


CONTACT DELAYED SYMBOL
PICKUP

CHANGE OVER RELAY COIL SLOW


CONTACT RELEASING

CHANGE OVER RELAY COIL SLOW


CONTACT HAND RESEST OPERATING

CHANGE OVER FLAG INDICATOR


CONTACT DELAYED
DROP OFF
SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION

TB FOR GIS ( Global DISC TYPE TB-CP


Information System).

TB FOR DC DIST NON DISC TYPE TB RP


BOX/PLCC EQPT

TB AT CUSTOMER DISC TYPE TB-RP


MARSHALLING KIOSK

CT/VT TERMINAL BLOCK BUSWIRE BOARD BB-CP

NON DISC TYPE TB-CP BUSWIRE BOARD BB-RP


SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION

CUB ILLUMINATION FUSE


LAMP WITH D/S

HEATER LINK

HEATER SWITCH TEST BLOCK-MPG

POWER SOCKET RESISTOR

THERMOSTAT STABILIZING RESISTOR


SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION

METROSIL SURGE ELECTRIC


DIVERTOR HOOTER/BUZZER

CONTROL/SELECTOR/DI DISCREPANCY CONTROL


SCREPANCY SWITCH SWITCH
(IN GA DRG)

INDICATING LAMP NO CONTACT

SEMAPHORE INDICATOR NC CONTACT

ELECTRIC BELL PUSH BUTTON

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