DPP Basics

Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

ANSWER KEYS
1. (2) 2. (4) 3. (3) 4. (1) 5. (2) 6. (1) 7. (2) 8. (1)
9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (1) 12. (2) 13. (4) 14. (2) 15. (10) 16. (4)
17. (1) 18. (4) 19. (2) 20. (3) 21. (3) 22. (30) 23. (1) 24. (3)
25. (3) 26. (3) 27. (5) 28. (3) 29. (3) 30. (1)

1. (2) As per conditions of logarithms,

x
2
− 3 > 0, 6x − 10 > 0 ⇒ x > √3 (Intersection of both conditions) ...(i)
2 2
x −3 x −3 1
Also log ( ) = −1 ⇒ =
2 2
6x−10 6x−10

2
⇒ x − 3 = 3x − 5

2
⇒ x − 3x + 2 = 0 ⇒ x = 1, 2

But from (i), x > (√3)

So, x = 2 is the answer
2. (4) The given expression is
x
log (2 + 1) + x = log (6) + x log (5)
10 10 10

We know that log m

(x) + logm (y) = logm (xy) & logm (x) − logm (y) = logm (
x

y
)

x
⇒ log (2 + 1) = x (log (5) − log (10)) + log (6)
10 10 10 10

x x
⇒ log (2 + 1) = − log (2) + log (6)
10 10 10

x x
⇒ log (2 + 1) + log (2 ) = log (6)
10 10 10
x x
⇒ log [(2 ) (2 + 1)] = log (6)
10 10

Taking antilog on both sides, we get

x x
⇒ (2 ) (2 + 1) = 6

x 2 x
⇒ (2 ) + 2 − 6 = 0
x x
⇒ (2 − 2) (2 + 3) = 0
x
2 = (−3) is rejected as value of an exponential function cannot be negative
x
⇒ 2 = 2 ⇒ x = 1

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3. (3) As we know that log a

(b)> 0 , if (0 < a < 1) and (0 < b < 1).
Given, log 1 (x
2
+ 2x)> 0
3

2
⇒ 0 < x + 2x < 1

Breaking into two cases:

Case I : x 2
+ 2x > 0

⇒ x(x + 2)> 0

⇒ x ∈(−∞, −2)∪(0, ∞) . . .(1)

Case II : x 2
+ 2x < 1

2
⇒ x + 2x − 1 < 0

⇒(x + 1 + √2)(x + 1 − √2)< 0

⇒ −1 − √2 < x < −1 + √2 . . .(2)

From equation (1) and (2),we get

x ∈(−1 − √2, −2)∪(0, √2 − 1)

Thus, (−1 − √2, −2)∪(0, √2 − 1) is correct option.

4. log
175
5x = log
343
7x = k

(1) 5 175
k
1
⇒ = ( ) ⇒ k =
7 343 2

So, log 5x 175

= (
1

2
) or 5x = √175 or 5x = 5√7 or x = √7
Now,as per question-
4 2
log (x − 2x + 7)
42

= log(49 − 14 + 7)42 = log 4242 = 1

Therefore, 1 is the answer

5. (2)
We have,
log (x − 3) = log (x − 1)
3 9

log ( x−3 ) log ( x−1 )

⇒ =
log 3 log 9

log ( x−3 ) log ( x−1 )

⇒ =
log 3 2
log 3

log ( x−3 ) log ( x−1 )

⇒ =
log 3 2 log 3

⇒ 2 log(x − 3)= log(x − 1)

2
⇒ log (x − 3) = log(x − 1)

2
⇒ (x − 3) =(x − 1)

2
⇒ x − 7x + 10 = 0

⇒ x = 2, 5

x = 2 is not possible as log 3

(x − 3) is not defined for x = 2.
Therefore, x = 5.

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Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

6. (1) Let
√log √log √log
∣ 3 3 3 ∣
5 5
5 5
5 5

∣ ∣
∣ − log (4) log (4)
∣
D = 1/3 0.01 log7 (3)
∣3 (0. 1) 7 ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 7 3 5 ∣

C2 ↔ C2 − C1 and C 3 ↔ C3 − C1

∣ √log
5
3 √log
5
3 √log
5
3 √log
5
3 √log
5
3 ∣
5 [5 − 5 ] [5 − 5 ]
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
log (4)
∣ 0.01
∣
⇒ D = − log1/3 (4) − log1/3 (4) log (3) − log1/3 (4)
∣3 [(0. 1) − 3 ] [7 7
− 3 ]∣
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 7 −4 −2 ∣

∣ √log
5
3 ∣
5 0 0
∣ ∣
log (4)
∣ 0.01 ∣
− log (4) − log (4) − log (4)
1/3 1/3 log (3) 1/3
⇒ D =∣ 3 [(0. 1) − 3 ] [7 7
− 3 ]∣
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 7 −4 −2 ∣

∣ √log 3 ∣
5 5
0 0
∣ ∣
∣ − log (4) log ( 0.1 ) − log (3) log (7) − log (3) ∣
⇒ D = 1/3 0.01 1/3 7 1/3
∣3 [(4) − (4) ] [3 − (4) ]∣
∣ ∣
∣ 7 −4 −2 ∣

log (b) log (c)

[∵ c a = b a ]

∣ √log
5
3 ∣
5 0 0
∣ ∣
∣ − log (4)
1
1 1
∣
⇒ D = 1/3 1
∣3 [(4) 2 − (4) ] [3 − (4) ] ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 7 −4 −2 ∣

1
[∵ log (b)= ]
a
logb ( a )

∣ 5√log 3 0 0 ∣
5
∣ ∣
⇒ D∣ 4 −2 −1 ∣= 0
∣ ∣
∣ 7 −4 −2 ∣

7. (2) For x = 1, both parts of the equation vanish, consequently x = 1 is root of the equation.
For x ≠ 1 Dividing both sides of the given equation by log x 3 log x4 log x5 , we get-
1 1 1
1 = + + = log 5 + log 3 + log 4
x x x
log x log x log4 x
5 3

= log 60
x

⇒ x = 60 . Thus the required set is {1, 60}.

8. (1) The given expression is equal to
log 2 + log 3 + … + log 53
n n n

1
=log (2.3 … 53) = log 53! =
n n
log n
53!

9. (3) log 2
log x is meaningful if (log x > 0) or (x > 1)
2

Since 4 log
2
log x
= 2
2 log
2
log x
= (2
log
2
log x
) = (log x)
2

log x
[a a = x, a > 0, a ≠ 1]

So the given equation reduces to

2
2(log x) − log x − 1 = 0

⇒ log x = 1, log x = −1/2.

But we know that log x > 0, therefore log x = 1 i.e. x = e

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1 1 1 1

10.
1 1
+ + +
ln z ln x
Let X = x ln y ⋅ y ln z ln x ⋅ z ln y

(3) 1 1 1 1 1 1
⇒ ln X = ln x ( + ) + (ln y) ( + ) + ( + ) (ln z)
ln y ln z ln z ln x ln x ln y

Now given ln x + ln y + ln z = 0
ln x ln z
∴ + = −1
ln y ln y

ln y
Similarly and
ln z
+ = −1
ln x ln x

ln x ln y
+ = −1
ln z ln z

∴ R.H.S. = −3

∴ ln X = −3

−3
X = e

11. (1) x ∈ (2n + 1)π/2, nπ where n ∈ I. The given inequality can be written as log2 (x −8x+23)
>
3

log | sin x| log | sin x|

2 2

As log 2
| sin x| < 0 , we get
2
log (x − 8x + 23) < 3
2

2 3
⇒x − 8x + 23 < 2 = 8

2
⇒x − 8x + 15 < 0

⇒(x − 5)(x − 3) < 0 ⇒ 3 < x < 5

For x ∈ (3, 5), x ∈ π, π

2
,
3π

2
. Hence
3π 3π
x ∈ (3, π) ∪ (π, ) ∪ ( , 5)
2 2

12. (2) Taking log of both the sides with base 3, we have
2 2
(log x + (log x) − 10) (log x) = −2 log x
3 3 3 3

This equation is equivalent to

2
log x = 0 or 2 log x + (log x) − 8 = 0
3 3 3

⇒ x = 1, log
3
x = −1 ± 3 i.e. log 3
x = 2, log
3
x = −4

Hence x = 1, 3 2
,3
−4
= 1, 9, 1/81

13. Let A = log

a
x ⋅ log
10
a ⋅ log
a
5

(4) = log
10
x ⋅ log
a
5

log x
= log (5) 10
a

Let log 10
x = x , So, A = log a
5
x

Let B = log 10
(
10
x
) = log
10
x − 1 = (x − 1)

Let C = log x + log 2

100 4

1 1 x + 1
= log x + = ( )
10
2 2 2

x+1
c x+1 x
∴ 9 = 9 2
= 3 = 3 ⋅ 3

According to question,
x
6 3
x x
⋅ 5 − = 3 ⋅ 3
5 3

1
x−1 x
→6 ⋅ 5 = 3 ( + 3)
3

x−1 x−1
→6 ⋅ 5 = 3 (10)

x−2 x−2
→5 = 3

Which is only possible when-

2
x = 2 → log x = 2 → x = 10 = 100
10

So, (4) is the correct option

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14. (2) For (1) to hold, we must have

2
x > 0, x ≠ 1 and 2x + x − 1 > 0

⇒ x > 0, x ≠ 1 and (2x − 1)(x + 1) > 0

⇒ x > 1/2, x ≠ 1

We can write (1) as

2
2x +x−1
log (
x 2
) > −1 (2)
For 1/2 < x < 1, (2) can be written as
2
2x +x−1 1
<
2 x
3 2
⇒ 2x + x − x < 2

3
⇒ 2 (x − 1) + x(x − 1) < 0

2
⇒ (x − 1) (2x + 3x + 2) < 0

2
⇒ x < 1 [∵ 2x + 3x + 2 > 0∀x > 0]

For x > 1, (2) can be written as

2
2x + x − 1 1
>
2 x
2
⇒ (x − 1) (2x + 3x + 2) > 0

This is true for each x > 1.

Thus, (1) holds for 1/2 < x < 1, x > 1.
15. (10) log √2 sin x
(1 + cos x) = 2

√2 sin x ≠ 1, √2 sin x > 0, 1 + cos x > 0

⇔ sin x ≠
1
, sin x > 0 and
√2

x ≠ odd multiple of π ⇒ x ∈ (0, π) −{ π

4
,
3π

4
} (feasible region)
2

(i) ⇔ (√2 sin x) = 1 + cos x

2
⇔ 2 sin x = 1 + cos x

2
⇔ 2 cos x + cos x − 1 = 0

⇔ (2 cos x − 1)(cos x + 1) = 0

1
⇒ cos x = … [cos x + 1 > 0]
2

π
⇒ x =
3

⇒ p = 1, q = 3

2 2
⇒ p + q = 10

971

16. (x−2)
10000
(x+1)
253
(x−
1

2
) (x+8)
4

(4) We have, 500 75 93

≥ 0
x (x−3) (x+2)

The critical points are (−8) ⋅ (−2), (−1), 0, 1

2
, 2, 3

[∵ x ≠ −2, 0, 3]

Hence, x ∈ (−∞, −8] ∪ [−8, −2) ∪ [−1, 0) ∪ (0, 1

2
] ∪ (3, ∞)

or x ∈ (−∞, −2) ∪ [−1, 0) ∪ (0, 1

2
] ∪ (3, ∞)

{2} also satisfy the given inequality.

Hence, answer is option 4.

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17. (1) We have, f (x) = (x−3)(x+2)(x+6)

(x+1)(x−5)

The critical points are (−6), (−2), (−1), 3, 5

For f (x) > 0, ∀x ∈ (−6, −2) ∪ (−1, 3) ∪ (5, ∞)

For f (x) < 0, ∀x ∈ (−∞, −6) ∪ (−2, −1) ∪ (3, 5)
18. (4) This equation has the form |f (x)| = −f (x)
2

when, f (x) =
x −8x+12

2
x −10x+21

such an equation is equivalent to the collection of systems

f (x) = −f (x), if f (x) ≥ 0
{
f (x) = f (x), if f (x) < 0

The first system is equivalent to f (x) = 0 and the second system is equivalent to f (x) < 0 the combining both systems, we get
f (x) ≤ 0

2
x − 8x + 12
∴ ≤ 0
2
x − 10x + 21

(x − 2)(x − 6)
⇒ ≤ 0
(x − 3)(x − 7)

Hence, by Wavy curve method,

x ∈ [2, 3) ∪ [6, 7)

19. (2) We have, (x + 3)(3x − 2) 5 3

(7 − x) (5x + 8)
2
≥ 0

5 3 2
⇒ −(x + 3)(3x − 2) (x − 7) (5x + 8) ≥ 0

5 3 2
⇒ (x + 3)(3x − 2) (x − 7) (5x + 8) ≤ 0

[take before x, + ve sign in all brackets]

The critical points are (−3), (− 8

5
),
2

3
,7

Hence, x ∈ (−∞, −3] ∪ [ 2

3
, 7] ∪ {−
8

5
}

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20. x|x|
≤ 1
x + 2

x|x| − x − 2
≤ 0
x + 2

Case I x ∈ [0, ∞)
(3) 2
x − x − 2
≤ 0
x + 2

(x − 2)(x + 1)
⇒ ≤ 0
x + 2

⇒ x ≤ 2

⇒ integral values 0, 1, 2
Be careful: x cannot be 0 otherwise in the given inequality denominator will become 0
Case II x ∈ (−∞, 0)
2
−x −x−2
≤ 0
x+2

⇒ x > −2

⇒ x = −1

So 3 integral values
21. (3) We have, √(−x 2
+ 4x − 3) > 6 − 2x

This inequation is equivalent to the collection of two systems, of inequations

6 − 2x ≥ 0 6 − 2x < 0
i.e. { and {
2 2 2
−x + 4x − 3 > (6 − 2x) −x + 4x − 3 ≥ 0

x ≤ 3 x > 3
⇒ { and {
(x − 3)(5x − 13) < 0 (x − 1)(x − 3) ≤ 0

x ≤ 3 x > 3
⇒ { and {
13
< x < 3 1 ≤ x < 3
5

The second system has no solution and the first system has solution in the interval ( 13

5
< x < 3}

Hence, x ∈ ( 13

5
, 3) is the set of solution of the original inequation.

22. (30) We have, y = 2[x] + 3 = 3[x − 2] … (i)

⇒ 2[x] + 3 = 3([x] − 2) [from property (i)]

⇒ 2[x] + 3 = 3[x] − 6

⇒ [x] = 9

From Eq. (i), y = 2 × 9 + 3 = 21

∴ [x + y] = [x + 21] = [x] + 21 = 9 + 21 = 30

Hence, the value of [x + y] is 30

23. (1) [x] + ∑ 2000

r=1
{x+r}
= [x] + ∑
2000

r=1
{x}

2000 2000

[We know, {x+ Integer} = {x}

As r takes only integral values here, {x + r} = {x}]
{x} 2000 {x}
= [x] + ∑ 1 = [x] + × 2000 = [x] + {x} = x
2000 r=1 2000

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24. (3) This equation is equivalent to the collection of systems

|x − (4 − x)| − 2x = 4, if 4 − x ≥ 0
{
|x + (4 − x)| − 2x = 4, if 4 − x < 0

|2x − 4| − 2x = 4, if x ≤ 4
⇒ { ...(i)
4 − 2x = 4, if x > 4

The second system of this collection

gives x = 0
but x > 4
Hence, second system has no solution.
The first system of collection Eq. (i) is equivalent to the system of collection
2x − 4 − 2x = 4, if 2x ≥ 4
{
−2x + 4 − 2x = 4, if 2x < 4

−4 = 4, if x ≥ 2
⇒ {
−4x = 0, if x < 2

The first system is failed and second system gives x = 0.

Hence, x = 0 is unique solution of the given equation.
25. (3)
As the minimum value of |x − 1|+|x − 2|+|x − 3|+|x − 4| is 4.
Hence number of solutions = 0
26. (3) We have, 2
2x
>
(x+1)
1

(2x +5x+2)

2x 1
⇒ − > 0
(x+2)(2x+1) (x+1)
2 2
(2x +2x)−(2x +5x+2)

⇒ > 0
(x+2)(x+1)(2x+1)

(3x+2)
⇒ − > 0
(x+2)(x+1)(2x+1)

(3x+2)
or < 0
(x+2)(x+1)(2x+1)

The critical points are (−2), (−1), (− 2

3
) (−
1

2
)

Hence, x ∈ (−2, −1) ∪ (− 2

3
,−
1

2
)

27. (5)
2 x
( x −2x+8 ) ( e +2 ) ( x−3 ) ( x−8 )

≤ 0
2 2
( log ( x +3 ) ) ( x−5 )
2

x
2
− 2x + 8, e
x
+ 2 and log (x
2
2
+ 3) are positive quantities
Next we have to find condition for (x − 3),(x − 5) and (x − 8)

At x = 5, the denominator = 0. So x = 5 is not a solution. Therefore, number of integral solutions will be between 3 and 8
excluding 5 (using wavy curve method)

Thus, we have 5 integral values possible.

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28. (3) If |a + b + c| = |a| + |b| + |c| then a, b, c have same sign

∣1 − log x∣
∣ 1/6 ∣ + |− log2 x| + |2| = |3 − log1/6 x − log2 x|

∴ 1 − log x ⩾ 0
1/6

1
⩽ x
6

− log x ⩾ 0
2

x ⩽ 2

∴ x ∈ [
1

6
, 2] , a = 2 and b = 12
a+b
= 7
2

29. (3) The given inequation is equivalent to the collection of systems

x 1 1 1
⎪ ∣1 −
⎧ ∣ ⎧
⎪ ≥ , if x ≥ 0
∣ 1+x
∣ ≥ 2
, if x ≥ 0
|1+x| 2

⎨ ⇒ ⎨
⎪ ∣1 + ∣
x 1 1 1
⎩ ≥ , if x < 0 ⎩
⎪
∣ ∣ ≥ , if x < 0
1−x 2 |1−x| 2

1 1 1−x
⎧ ≥ , if x ≥ 0 ⎧ ≥ 0, if x ≥ 0
1+x 2 1+x
⇒ ⎨ ⇒ ⎨
⎩ 1 1 ⎩ 1+x
≥ , if x < 0 ≥ 0, if x < 0
1−x 2 1−x

x−1
⎧ ≤ 0, if x ≥ 0
x+1
⇒ ⎨
⎩ x+1
≤ 0, if x < 0
x−1

For , if x ≥ 0
x−1
≤ 0
x+1

∴ 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 ...(i)

x+1
For ≤ 0, if x < 0
x−1

∴ −1 ≤ x < 0 ...(ii)
Hence, from Eqs. (i) and (ii), the solution of the given equation is x ∈ [−1, 1]
Aliter
|x|
∣ ∣ 1 ∣ 1 ∣ 1
1 − ≥ ⇒ ≥
∣ 1+|x| ∣ 2 ∣ 1+|x| ∣ 2

1 1
⇒ ≥ ⇒ 1 + |x| ≤ 2 or |x| ≤ 1
1+|x| 2

∴ −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 or x ⇒ [−1, 1]

30. (1)
[2x]−[x + 1]= 2x . . .(1)

−[x + 1]={2x}, 0 ≤{2x}< 1,

− [x + 1]= 0, [x + 1]= 0

−1 ≤ x < 0, − 2 ≤ 2x < 0

[2x]= − 2, − 1

from equation (1)

[2x]−0 = 2x, 2x = −2, − 1

1
x = −1, −
2

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