PATRICIA

Antiseptic Tissue
Disinfectant Sodium hypochlorite (household
bleach)
Dilution 1:10
Ratio NaOCl to water 1:9

10% bleach
0.5% NaOCl (Sodium
hypochlorite)

Inactivate HBV in 10 mins and

HIV in 2 mins
Natural disinfectant: vinegar
Biohazard Fluorescent orange: 3
overlapping circle
Microbiology transport within 2 hours If not possible , use special
preservatives or holding
medium (transport medium)
SPS – anticoagulant in micro bacterial culture Antiphagocytic
Anticomplement
Heparin Anticoagulant for viral culture
Swab for viruses Calcium alginate and cotton and
swab with wooden shaft: NOT
ACCEPTED

Use RAYON AND DACRON, a

synthetic swab
CSF stored for more than 30 mins 37 C, from room temp
Storage 4C Urine stool viral sample sputum
swab
Serum for serology -20C
Tissue or specimen for long term storage -70C
Leptospiral antibodies Gold standard: Microscopic
Agglutination test
Screening: macroscopic AT
Neufeld Quellung : capsular swelling S. pneumonia: positive
Replaced by Serological markers
such as latex or fluorescence
Bile Esculin Group D
Growth and blackening of agar
Bile solubility Test S. pneumonia
Positive: Lysis of the agar
CAMP Positive: enhanced hemolysis by
arrowhead-shaped zone of beta-
hemolysis at the juncture of the
two organism

S. agalactiae (G+ cocci) (Cat +,

nonmotile)
 L. monocytogenes (G+ bacilli)
(Cat -, motile)

Differentiated by:
Catalase test
Motility
MUG TEST Positive: Electric blue
fluorescence
E. coli except (O157:H7)

Negative: lack of fluorescence

FECT Concentration technique No trophozoite recovery
Formalin ether/ ethyl acetate Top to bottom: Ether/ethyl
acetate
Debris
Formalin
Sediment

O&P Min of 3 specimen collected

every other day
PVA: polyvinyl alcohol – eco
friendly preservative
10 % formalin
Preservatives for container
Container Clean, wide mouthed, waxed
cardboard, plastic with tight
fitting lid
Pediatric blood 1-5 or 1-20 mL
Optimal time to collect blood culture is Shortly before the fever spikes
Dry horny platelike Dermatophyte
Epidermophyton NO MICROCONIDIA
Skin and nails

Microsporum M. canis and M. auduinii :

fluorescence on a woods lamp
Skin and hair
Rice medium: M. canis
Trichophyton Skin, hair , nail

Hair baiting test and urease

T. mentagrophytes ++
T. rubrum - -

Saboraud Dextrose Agar: both

produce red
Hair baiting test :
Urease test
Tinea capitis: scalp ringworm Fluorescence but no growth in
rice medium: M. auduinii
ADENOVIRUS BK virus: causes hemorrhagic
 cystitis
Keratoconjunctivitis
Condyloma acuminatum Venereal/genital warts
Cause: HPV

Polyoma virus BK virus

Hemmorhagic cystitis
JCV : John Cunningham Virus
Leukoencephalopathy
Progressive multifocal
Parvoviridae SSDNA
Parvo B-19
Erythema infectiosum (fifth
disease),
Aplastic crises
Slapped check rash on kids
Shepherd’s Hook/Crook Marburg virus
Chilomastix mesnilii
Paramyxoviridae Measle (rubeola) - SSPE
Mumps – parotid gland , orchitis
Parainfluenza
RSV respiratory syncytial virus
SHOC : embryonated egg Schistosoma, Heterophyes,
Opistorchis, clonorchis
Cholangiocarcinoma Cancer bile duct

Water chestnut F. buski

P. westermani (Sorsogon) From crayfish / crab bearing
metacarcaria
Vector