MATHEMATICS 10

MODULE 4 : WEEK 4 : 4th QUARTER

SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING MEASURES OF POSITION

Learning Competencies
The learner solves problems involving measures of position.

Objectives
The learner solves problems involving measures of position.

Let’s Recall
Read the following definitions that we have studied and fill in the boxes below with the
correct corresponding answers.

are the score points which divide a distribution into four equal parts.

are the nine score points which divide a distribution into ten equal parts.

are the ninety-nine score points which divide a distribution into one hundred equal parts.

Let’s Understand
Linear Interpolation can be used in finding the quartiles, deciles and percentiles of
ungrouped data. The following formulas will be used.
Quartiles Deciles Percentiles
𝑘
𝑘 𝑘 𝑃𝑘= (𝑛 + 1)
𝑄𝑘 = [𝑛 + 1] 𝐷𝑘 = [𝑛 + 1] 100
4 10
where k= position of the quartile/decile and n= total number of the data.

Example: Compute Q3 and D5 for the data relating to the scores of 8 students in an
examination given: 25, 48, 32, 52, 21, 64, 29, 57.

Solution: Follow the steps below;

1. Arrange the scores in ascending order.
21, 25,29,32,48,52,57,64
2. Locate the position of the score in the distribution.
3
Position of 𝑄3 = 4 [𝑛 + 1] 𝐐𝟑 = 𝟔. 𝟕𝟓 Since, the result is a
𝟑
𝑸𝟑 = 𝟒 [𝟖 + 𝟏] decimal number, interpolation is needed.
3. If the result is a decimal number, proceed for the interpolation.
a. Subtract the sixth data from the seventh data. 57-52= 5
b. Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step.
(Position of 𝐐𝟑) 5 (0.75)= 3.75
c. Add the result in step 2 to the 6th or smaller number. 52+ 3.75= 55.75
Therefore, the value of Q3 = 55.75.
 MATH10-QUARTER4-WEEK4-MODULE4

Solution:
1. Arrange the scores in ascending order. 21, 25,29,32,48,52,57,64
2. Locate the position of the score in the distribution.
𝑘
Position of 𝐷𝑘 = [𝑛 + 1] 𝐃𝟓 = 𝟒. 𝟓 Since, the result is a
10
𝟓
𝑫𝟓 = [𝟖 + 𝟏] decimal number, interpolation is needed.
𝟏𝟎
3. If the result is a decimal number, proceed for the interpolation.
a. Subtract the fourth data from the fifth data. 48-32= 16
b. Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step.
(Position of 𝐃𝟓 ) 16 (0.5)= 8
c. Add the result in step 2 to the 4th or smaller number. 32+ 8= 40
Therefore, the value of D5 = 40.

To compute quartiles, deciles, and percentiles of grouped data, apply the given
formula.
Quartiles Deciles Percentiles
𝑘𝑁 𝑘𝑁 𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏 − 𝑐𝑓𝑏 − 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [4 ]i 𝐷𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [ 10 ]i 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [100 ]i
𝑓𝑄𝑘 𝑓𝐷𝑘 𝑓𝑃𝑘

where: where: where:

LB = lower boundary of the LB = lower boundary of the LB = lower boundary of the
kth quartile class kth decile class kth percentile class
N = total frequency N = total frequency N = total frequency
𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency 𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency 𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency
before the quartile class before the decile class before the percentile class
𝑓𝑄𝑘 = frequency of the 𝑓𝐷𝑘 = frequency of the decile 𝑓𝑃𝑘 = frequency of the
quartile class class percentile class
i = size of class interval i = size of class interval i = size of class interval
k = nth percentiles where k = nth decile where k = nth percentiles where
n = 1,2 and 3 n = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9 n = 1,2,3,... 97, 98, and 99

Example: There were 40 students in grade 10 J. Escoda who took the exam in
Mathematics. The result of their scores was shown on the table at the right side.
Compute the 75th percentile.
Solution:
Scores Frequency
Lower 46-50 3
Class Frequency Less than
Interval Boundaries Cumulative 41-45 5
Scores ( f ) Frequency ( < cf ) 36-40 14
( LB )
46-50. 3 45.5 40 31-35 9
41-45 5 40.5 37 26-30 5
36-40 14 35.5 32 th nd 21-25 4
19 - 32 score
31-35 9 30.5 18 10th – 18th score
26-30 5 25.5 9 5th - 9th score
21-25 4 20.5 4
∑f= 40

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 MATH10-QUARTER4-WEEK4-MODULE4

Notes:
- If the data are whole numbers, the lower boundary of a class is 0.5 less than its
lower limit while its upper boundary is 0.5 more than its upper limit.
- To get the cumulative frequency (< cf), add the frequency of each class. The
total frequency should be equal to the number of quantities in the set of data.
- The size of the class interval of 21 to 25 scores is 5 or i=5. (ex. 21,22,23,24,25)

• 75th Percentile
𝟕𝟓 𝑵 𝟕𝟓 (𝟒𝟎)
𝑷𝒌 𝒄𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒔: 𝟏𝟎𝟎
= 𝟏𝟎𝟎
This means that we need to find the class interval
𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎
= where the 30th score is contained.
𝟏𝟎𝟎
= 30 Note that the 19th – 32nd scores belong to the class
interval 36-40. So, the 30th score is also within the class
interval.
𝑘𝑁
−𝑐𝑓𝑏
LB = 35.5 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [100 ]i
𝑓𝑃𝑘
75 (40)
−18
100
N = 40 𝑃75 = 35.5 + [ 14
]5
3000
−18
100
𝒄𝒇𝒃 = 𝟏𝟖 𝑃75 = 35.5 + [ 14
]5
30−18
𝒇𝑷𝒌 = 𝟏𝟒 𝑃75 = 35.5 + [ ]5
14
i=5
𝑷𝟕𝟓 = 39.79
The 𝑃75 class is the class interval 36-40.
Therefore, 75% of the students of grade 10 J. Escoda obtained a score less than or
equal to 36-40.

Let’s Apply
Solve the given problem.
1. Fifteen executives reported the following number of telephone calls made during a
randomly selected week.
22, 14, 12, 9, 54,16,12,10, 49,8, 12, 36,21,37,28
Find the following;
a. 𝑄3 b. 𝐷7 c. 𝑃42
2. The grade 10 ICT teacher of Parañaque National High School-Main gave a task on
photoshop editing for his students with time allotment (in minutes).
Time spent on
Frequency Compute the following;
editing a picture
49-52 3 (a.) 𝑄3
45-48 5 (b.) 𝐷5
(c.) 𝑃82
41-44 6
37-40 11
33-36 8
29-32 7

Let’s Analyze
1. As of March 11, 2021, the total number of active cases in 16 barangays of Parañaque
City was shown in the given data.

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 MATH10-QUARTER4-WEEK4-MODULE4

86,11,10,23,30,11,40,8,41,40,28,18,17,35,18 and 38.

Compute the indicated measures of position.
a. 𝑄2 b. 𝐷6 c. 𝑃25
2. The CoVid 19 is an infectious disease caused by a severe respiratory syndrome
corona virus 2 (SARS COV 2) The virus spread widely around the whole globe and
Philippines is no exception. Corona virus disease affects people of any age. Easy
targets are those with high-risk health issues, the Seniors and the kids.
The frequency of distribution for the age of confirmed COVID 19 cases tested in the
Philippines as of March 11, 2020.
Frequency Lower Boundary Less than cumulative
Age
(f) ( LB ) frequency (< cf )
85-95 2
74-84 3
63-73 12
52-62 13
41-51 10
30-40 7
19-29 5
f = 52
a. Complete the table by filling in the values of LB (Lower Boundaries) and <cf (less
than cumulative frequency).
b. Find the following;
b.1 𝑃34 b.2 𝐷5

Let’s Try
Read the following questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer before each
number.
1. What is the value of 𝑄3 in the following set of data?
22,28,19,20,23,43,39,30,50,48,45,49
a. 42 b. 43.5 c. 45 d. 47.25
nd
2. Given the series 3,5,7,4,6,2 and 9. Calculate the 2 decile.
a. 2.6 b. 4.6 c. 6.2 d. 8.2
3-5 items refer to the table below.
The table shows the frequency of distribution of Students’ Scores in their Test in Math 10.
Class Interval Lower Boundary Cumulative
Frequency (f)
Scores (LB) Frequency (cf)
40-45 6 39.5 18
35-39 5 34.5 12
30-34 3 29.5 7
25-29 4 24.5 4
th
3. What is the 38 percentile or 𝑃38 ?
a. 31.13 b. 33.23 c. 32.32 d. 34.23
th
4. What is the 6 decile ?
a. 83.3 b. 82.3 c. 38.3 d. 28.3
5. Which of the following is the 3rd quartile?
a. 40 b. 40.75 c. 41.25 d. 44.5

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