Past Tenses, used to / would (WHAIDOIOW KNOW? |. Circle the correct answer. 1. The journey took a long time because the bus stopped / was stopping at every village on the way to the coast. When the athlete retired, she was competing / had been competing professionally for nearly two decades. Gan you name all the actors who had played / have played James Bond up until now? Why weren't you paying / didn't you use to pay attention when | explained how to use the camera? ‘When I had seen / saw the final bil, | was horrified: Quite simply, it was the best holiday we had ever had / had ever been having. ‘Susan has been a member of this gym since she has moved / moved to the neighbourhood. Fran would make / was making her own gifts every Christmas. We spent / were spending far too much money yesterday. ‘Stella had been reporting / had reported her noisy neighbour to the police a number of times. 41, 'm glad you popped in ~ | would just make / was just making cottee. 42. My sister was always inviting / had always been inviting her friends over. FF if : i It... for days so they were careful on the roads. a. has snowed b. was going to snow B. Choose the correct answer. had been snowing 2, I. Carrie that evening so | couldn't go to the cinema with Jane. . would meet b. was meeting ©. had been meeting 8, When the bank robbery happened, Jeff... at the bank. a. had worked b. was working ©. has worked 4, The room looked fantastic once it I has been painted b. was painting ©. had been painted © Fist the taxi broke down and then we heard that the concert... What a night! @ cancelled b, had been cancelled ©. was cancelling 6... spinach when | was young but not any more. @. would lke b. was liking ©. used to lke 7 From the atmosphere in the room it was obvious they .. a. argued b. had been arguing ©. have argued 8 The central square... immensely since | lived there, @. was changing . changed ©. has changed Sore... / 20 23.PAST PERFECT SIMPLE past action or situation completed before a time or ‘another action in the past to make the sequence of events clear By the ime the reporters aived on the scene, the police had solved the case. bee When Jane had checked her composition, she printed it ut again. (First she checked it, then she printed it) with first time / best/ ever/ never when referring to a My trip to France was the first time | had ever situation in the past (similar to Present Perfect) abroad. ) unfulfilled wishes / plans, often with hope, plan, wish, We'd meant to go and see my aunt but we didn't have time. ‘expect, want, think about, mean to Time expressions: when, before, afer, already, just, for, since, til, unt, by the time, never, as soon as. no sooner .. than Past Simple or Past Perfect? * Its not necessary to use Past Perfect when a sequence of events is related in the order the events occur or if the ‘chronological order is clear. In this case, we use Past Simple. We also prefer Past Simple for two actions when the second is a result of the fist ‘The curtain rose and the show began. (not: The curtain had risen and the show began. X) * We do not use Past Perfect simply to say that something happened a long time ago. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Continuing / repeated past action or situation which ‘continued up to a point in the past ‘We had been walking for hours before we saw any wildlife. past action that was still relevant at a point in the past, The house smelt fantastic because Mum had been baking. (r caused a visible result Time expressions: since, for, all day / afternoon Past Perfect Simple or Continuous? ‘> We use Past Perfect Simple for completed actions, but Past Perfect Continuous to emphasise the duration or result Of the activity Greg had prepared his speech. (The speech was ready) Greg had been preparing his speech for days. (We do not know if the speech was ready — the emphasis is on ‘how much work Greg had done.) ‘= We use Past Perfect Simple when we mention the number of times the action has been done. George had tried to reach her on her mobile three times. OTHER FORMS USED TO TALK ABOUT THE PAST © used to + bare infinitive repeated actions / states / habits in the past that Contrast with the present would + bare infinitive repeated actions in the past (not states) future in the past When talking about the past, we use past forms of structures when we want to refer to the future. wil» would |s going to -+ was going to Js playing -» was playing are about to» were about fo This palace used to belong to the royal family. When | was a kid, my gran would bake delicious biscuits, I realised | would need more money. Karen was going to fax me the details. ‘Jim was playing football later that evening. ‘They were about to leave when they got the message.‘Complete the sentences with the verbs given. There may be more than one answer. Angie ....-ndidt't.hear....... word | said; she was thinking about the party. not hear | was free last Saturday night because my other plans sosisinee = fall through Wiliam = sneusus @ Magazine when he came across an interesting article about his homme town. rag twas the first time he snsnsa a motorbike and he was surprised at how exhilarating the experience was. ride | couldn't get together with my fiends that evening as | my fiancé. see ‘Thomas thought he the job and was disappointed to be turned down. get \ expected Catherine to be tired as she her tennis serve all moming. practise 8. When | was working at the hotel, | in the pool there every morning. swim 9. Fortunately, the earthquake the bulging at all_ not / weaken 10. How many tickets by the end ofthe fist week? sell Complete the sentences using the correct word or expression below. There are more words than you need. by the time © esrist © afterwards © until © while © during © ever Since © just © the moment © whenever ‘The painting was completed in 1784, but it had been commissioned a decade earlier. We had lunch and we strolled round the old town, I nacht realised how much I would miss my hometown conus! MOVES away. All the tickets had been S014 oo we atved at the theatre one sales assistant was serving a customer, the other was handling a complaint Greg had been climbing cnn BO was a child she walked into the room, they knew she was the right person forthe job. Iwas ‘going to phone Jackie when she turned up, Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. “Did Andrew use to visit you often?" The performance was good because they "Yes, and he .... Mme a present whenever he came.” for months. ‘a. was bringing ‘a,_had been rehearsing . brought . have rehearsed There's a shopping mall there now, but .... the Jack worked late every night that week because whole area was open farmland. he... on holiday on Friday. a. beforehand a. was going in those days be went “Weren't you going to send me some photos?” I've sent off my application for law school” “I did... them?” “| thought you ..... that reporter's job.” ‘a. Hadn't you got ‘a, were accepted b. Didn't you get 'b, were going to accept ‘Complete the sentences using a suitable word or phrase. Use no more than five words. 1, We all agreed that the Taj Mahal was the most amazing place We.had.ever... 2. Weren't you ready by six o'clock? What 21 Abbe assumed the bus hadn't come yet because dazens of people. 4. We couldn't put down a deposit on the car because WE sn..n cau : cae : vs @ motorbike But then | ound a cheap second-hand (6) fom oe vn But he gave it up last year on his doctor's 3a¥ee: 7. 8 Jane was just — her application when she noticed sections she hada't completed It became apparent that he 1... eee when we heard the other side of the stv:Ld E. Circle the correct answer, NOSTAL A FOR MY CHILDHOOD HOME When we (1) were moving / had moved / moved to our new house near the 0a, | was eight years old. Even before that | (2) was spending / had spent ‘was to spend every summer messing about on boats, My dad (8) was taught / had taught / had been teaching me to sail before I learnt to ride a bike so {knew how | wanted to spend my time at the new house =I (4) was going to / ‘am going to / had gone to get my own boat and sail It every day. The house ‘was only afew metres from the water's edge, and in rough weather the waves (6) were coming / would come / come erashing into our front garden, 1(6) was sitting / had sat / used to sit with my nose pressed to the glass, fascinated by the power of the ocean. | (7) grew / have grown / have been growing ‘up watching the skies to see if it @) was going to rain /is raining / rained; ‘would | be going sailing that afterncon or not? Cf course I sometimes wished we could lve in the town ko my friends 1(@) was to get /have been getting /used to get very itated with my parents, who (10) had taken / had been taken / have taken early retirement because they (11) ed seemed / seemed / would seem incapable of geting anywhere on time Dad drove me the eight mils to school every day, but | was often late Because he (12) have been walking / had been waiking / was going to walk on the cltfs earlier in the morning and (13) was losing / had lost ose track of tme. When | (14) wes taken / was taking / had been taking my university enirance exams, 1(05) used to stay /had stayed / had been staying over ata fend’ in town, Justin case, Allin all, | was lucky to grow up by the sea and | ti love to sai A. SPELLING: one consonant or two? (See Speling Appendix, page 219.) Correct the spelling in the sentences below. There may be more than one mistake in each sentence. 1. am writing with teherenGe to the vacancy. x Their performance was marvelous. x The office is finally being refited. * ‘The answer is not neccessarily logical. x 2 a 4, 5. Some workers are legaly employed, but the majoritee work unnoficialy. x 6 The personel officer comented on my aplication. x: 7. During her trainning, she was earnning less than the others on staff. « a The sunivor was so gratefull that he kept huging the rescue dog, x PUNCTUATION: the apostrophe (See Punctuation Appendix, page 221.) ‘Add or remove apostrophes as necessary. 1. Mr Harris falled to turn up for the meeting. x City budgets for the New Years Eve celebrations are running into thousands of pounds. x ‘The perks of the job dont include taking days' off whenever you're feeling tired. x Paul Browns’ book became a best-seller in i's second year. X I's none of Mikes business’ whether youre older than he Is or not x 2 3, 4 27COHESION AND COHERENCE Cohesion means that sentences are well structured and there are clear links between them. Coherence means that» ‘ideas are presented in an understandable, logical way, There are a number of exercises in C1- and C2-level exams which may test your understanding of cohesion and coherence in English, for example cloze exercises and gapped texts, In addition, a good understanding of cohesion. and coherence will help your reading and improve your writing Pronouns / Possessive Adjectives / Possessive Pronouns ‘+ Pronouns are used instead of a noun that has already been mentioned so as to avoid repetition. - scare oe ‘The group released seven albums in as many years. In 2004, they were awarded a Grammy. Ian refer to an earlier or later phrase. 2 = ts unpleasant to be made redundant, but it may be an opportunity fora career change. aa ae can be liberating to b8 made redundant, + Possessive pronouns can refer to both an object and the person it belongs to. Jan said the other car was badly damaged in the accident, but his was fine. (= his car) + Nowadays, they and theirmay be used to refer to one person of ether sex ee oa ‘Someone has left thelr luggage under the seat. 1. Read the first paragraph of an articl 3nd say what the words in colour refer to. ANIMAL WELFARE Not long ago, London Zoo meved a gro of elephants to a wile park in the countyside, This rights campaigners cause to celebrate, However, not everyone's reaction was as postive as thes. 4os, a young male rhino, had shared an enclosure withthe elephants for many years until thei now missing ther. His owners had seen him pacing up and down inside his now empty cage, unable ZooCheck, an animal rights group which watches each animal in order to monitors welfare, said | 2 con now pee awaited (1) This time, Jos' friend was not only a rhino like (2). < Teper ecm ene see Ferien |_ transport these animals across borders. So Jos never got to meet (eee a ee | with an alternative plan to house (7) .. sessee female black rhino from another 00, but (8) Sooner ace am eae | Scones batho nae oe 28TLS |A. KEYWORD TRANSFORMATIONS Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, Including the word given. 4, They last employed new staff back in January, TAKEN No new staff 2, The children were out looking for the lost kitten, The children were i 8, He predicted a rise in the crime rate. GOING He said that. 4. Tom was once avery rich man. DEAL Tom used 5, [twas Anna's first promotion. BEEN ‘Anna . January, the lost kitten money. before. 6. | had ust picked up the phone to call Simon when he arrived. ABOUT fa phone call to Simon when he arrived, 7. Jack's carelessness would often result in accidents. FOREVER Jack was 50 8 Would you mind checking this report forme? WONDERING accidents. . check this report for me. B. OPEN CLOZE Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word In each gap. In April 2002, Erich Ritter, a shark expert, was carrying out research in the Bahamas (1)... pursuing a large fish. (3) for the fact that Ritter (5) how to prevent sharks from attacking him. He believed that sharks (6) leg was bitten off by an adult shark that (2) Unusual about the incident, (4) - part of his: was nothing claimed to know sense fear, and that this triggers the attack response. Dr Ritter, a yoga expert, had learnt how to lower his heart rate, believing that this feo) fool the sharks and they would not see (8) as prey. When he was attacked, he was actually standing bare-legged in water, surrounded by pieces of fish which had (8)... .. thrown, Into the water to attract sharks. Other shark experts (10) that something lke (11) . years because of his theories, although they had (19) Dr Fitter was (14) J called Anatomy of a Shark Bite was made a year (15) Lnsurprised by the incident. They felt ‘was bound to happen. He had been risking his life (12) been proved. At the time of the attack, filmed by a TV crew, so the whole horrific incident was recorded. A documentary This showed footage of the attack as well ‘as Dr Ritter diving with sharks again for the first time since he had been bitten. __& Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. The studio ..... to release the film in August but they postponed it because of the poltical situation ‘a, was about to plan bused to plan ©. had planned 4. would plan snes 2. Betore there were rallways, ordinary people for pleasure, a. were rarely travelling b. Were used to travel rarely ©. were going to travel rarely 4, would rarely travel How will you afford driving lessons?” Wiel... you and Dad could lend me the money. ‘a would hope have hoped &._was hoping ._had been hoping 4. The police arrived just as the thieves ..... the bank a going to leave b. would leave ©. had been leaving d._were about to leave 29Tae Entertainment A. All the words below are connected with the world of entertainment. Put the words under the correct heading, agent cast ausitertim celebrity backstage co-star box office. broadcaster crew director presenter documentary producer horror movie: screenwriter ‘on location set movie buff stage ‘Types of films /TV programmes costume drama ‘auditorium Read the film review and choose the best explanation below for each of the words in colour. ‘Spider-Man (2002), a big-budget action blockbuster, was warmly received by critics. Based on Stan Lee's class ook character, the first movi isthe tale of a high school outsider who develops special powers atter being spider, only to learn that superpowers are no solution to his problems, He also learns that with great power ¢ responsibility. The sequel, Spider-Man 2 (2004), was hailed as a masterpiece for successfully combining ‘thviling adventure and comic touches. Both of these movies filed multiplexes worldwide and box office. cea rl But the third instalment, Spider-Man 3, is a huge disappointment, as the strain of coming up with r tampering to0 much withthe format begins to show. Some early action sequences inect alittle. {the plots unimaginative and the script dull. Highlights include a larger than usual aray of Green Goblin and Venom - and state-of the-art special effects, Die-hard Spider-Man fans sed this alone, but if you look for more in a movie, you'll be disappointed, blockbuster ‘2, book or film that is highly successful b. Book or film that is incredibly long based on ‘a. copled from b, developed from something else . tale a. story b. fantasy sequel 1. film that continues the story of a previous one remake of an old film masterpiece ‘a, excellent book, fim, painting 'b, original version of a book, film, painting muttiplex , a large number of moviegoers b. acinema complex with several fim theatres grossed a, pleased b. eamed sequence par of a film about one event b. stunt . plot 2, music accompanying a fim . stoning script ‘screenplay », visual sive vilans vl charactors D. exoic settings state-of-the-art special effects artical mages created using the latest technology ba . appearances in a flm by weltknown‘© Complete the text using the words given. Make any necessary chang ‘audition © censorship * debul © forthcoming © premiere * review (a _. EVENTS, March 12th Lecture TV VIOLENCE: Is (2)... necessary? ‘Admission free CHISLEY March 19th (3) _.aow. for our summer production of My Fair Lady. PASTRY TM) Come along and tryout ifyou fancy a pat! tal tan [April 20th Theatre Trip We have reserved 20 tickets forthe Bristol Bone OF Gaps and Doll Singer Judd Red will make her ipexcesl(Ye +» Running for 13 weeks in the West End, ithas received rave (6) : Sign up now ~ places ona first-come, first-served basis. Cost £20. A. PHRASALVERBS come go 1. Complete the phrasal verbs. You will need to use one preposition twice down © on © across © pute Into back © infor eee fe. (What the audience seldom appreciates is how )) LOWE... the way you envisage ~ ‘much rehearsal ime has gone | Fai rasstilvercemueell surpose pesformance before sand up wih te Baton. In this scene, you've been waiting years for this meeting. Tha apprehension bas to ‘come on the big screen, “My next guest i the actress who first made her ) debut in the horror flick Bad Dreams and bas | Since ZOME n-ne tO win two Oscars. cc. The prize money was a motive but the real 9 a || Donne's performance has to go ( =) (Sees awe a ee rer Aree ee ara Teena x 2 ‘And that was the Beatles, with ah (01g en, t0 1965, I you remember ae th. (( Sharp picks up the ball on the left, a quick >) pep i pepe RTA cross to Bolam in midiekd. Some really fancy S “ dedicate a golden oli, just call no. footwork going here J 2 WHO SAID IT? Match the people to the remarks they made in Exercise 1. “A. 1. commentator 9. chat-show host 6, director ~ 7 critic 2. contestant cen 4, conductor sour 8 disc jockey 8. playwrightB. PHRASES WITH PREPOSITIONS Circle the correct preposition in the following ph 1 in 2. 0n1/ In conjunetion with 6 3. for/ on a large() scale at many respects 4 Use the phrases in Exercise 1 to complete the text. Jn /at comparison with {in / for good 6. in/onno time 7. at/ on the part of 8, at /for the forefront of VIDEO KILLED THE RADIO STAR The first pop videos were made in the 1970s. a) In.comparigen.with today's clips, early versions seem primitive - a few shots of the ) some simple animation. In 1981,aTV channel devotedentirely tothe new video performer, possibly ‘genre was launched, changing the musicindustry @ ‘The channel was MTV.) new videos, ike Michael Jackson’s Thriller, were big news ~ video had really “killed the radio star’ In the 1990s, MTV was (5) a new developments in music and is now hugely influential. (6) + music television has benefited the music industry by increasing sales and promoting artists ® than ever before, However, it is increasingly difficult for new talent to break into the market without television exposure, which requires a huge investment ) ‘a record company. ©. WORD FORMATION 1. ‘Complete the chart with nouns formed from the words below. Add negative prefixes in brackets where _sceet “adapt ‘annoy attend ayalatle Clear (2 nouns) complex. concentrate creative credible curious dedicate destroy devote distract ramatise exist generous | vance /-ence aecartanes ignorant Imagine imitate insistent inspire interfere mature objective offend original patient fcc) .adaptatian.2. Choose the word that best completes the sentence. id never been to the ballet before. Ijust went ‘out of a. curiosity b. complexity, ©. distraction. interference ‘actors often show great credibility offence maturity Imitation, for their age, 93. Journalists are supposed to maintain their but theatre critics often praise their friends. a. clearance ignorance c. dissimilarity d. objectivity at the free concert was said to be over 100,000, ‘a. Insistence b. Attendance ©. Acceptance: d. Popularity The free ticket offer is subject to a. availablity b. destruction c._ existence. d._ pretence ‘The charity thanked all the people who gave ‘money for their ‘a. generosity b. unoriginality ©. unpopularity similarity 3. Complete the sentences using nouns you formed in Exercise 1. There may be more than one possible answer. Critics praised his poetry for its I couldn't become a professional dancer. It takes great Rob couldn't hide his ‘at being made to waitin line for tickets. The play is a /an... of a novel by Jane Austen. This year's cinema ‘was lower than expected and profits went down. The doctor's (on doing his own stunts surprised everyone, D. RELATED WORDS: ways of speaking Match each sentence with the most appropriate ending. Then match four sentences with the pict i {1 f 1 1 Ifa mother nags, she oa if friend blurts out something, she fan actor mumbles, she if aman reminisces, he Ifa speaker is waffing, he Ifa co-worker butts in, she b c a. if your frend is crumbling, he e f 9 h, 3. your brother snaps at you, he. If your friend is chattering, she a driver swears, she Uses words that are offensive, interrupts someone else's conversation, ‘speaks suddenly and angrily. talks a lot without saying anything clear or important. is talking quickly about trivial things. criticises frequently in an annoying way. Is talking about the past. is speaking quietly and unclearly. is complaining in a iow voice and bad-tempered way. says something suddenly and without thinking., WORDS EASILY CONFUSED Compete the sentances using te correct word: Make 77 necessary changes, ‘a. Politicians have to be ‘at dealing with reporters’ questions. Many stars chose to ‘a child rather than have their own. Meg's book has been for a TV programme. Watching TV helps me at the end of the day. ‘The makeup artist had to special tape around my legs. Please the video when you finish watching It. of our theatre trip. wtough. Going backstage after the show was the ‘Young actors who attain sudden fame can find life in the Funding for schools is once again under the The director told him that he was too ugly for the role. [think it's disgusting what some actors will do to get a part “The artist had pictures propped... _.. against the walls of his studio. The documentary __..0n the training professional dancers receive. The film several young up-and-coming actors. Hitchcock's fms af@ ....onn-rsenanns BY Suspense and humour Iwas so in the film that | stayed up till 2.00 watching it Horror movies have never really none 1O-ME. tam: to late-night television! The “tive” performance consisted of a group miming to a CD. | was flattered to get the chance to work with the .. jonew director. ‘The journalist secured an exclusive interview with the _ murderer just before the tal, Foreign language movies are either dubbed or have “The new comedy series may be cut because of low .. The names of al the technical rew who worked on & movi ae tated i the. adopt adapt ‘adept wind rewind unwind highlight spotght limelight downright upright ‘outright feature ‘characterise focus ‘engross appeal addict ‘so-called alleged ratings: credits, ‘subtitles F. METAPHOR AND MEANING Mark the following words | (light) or D (darkness). flash briliant cloud dim dazzle se dull faint bright ane dawn. Choose the best meaning for the words and expressions in colour in the sentences below. | never know the answers - the teacher must think I'm so dull Wny are we being kept in the dark about the plans? He dazzled us with his wit. ‘The reporter asked the police chief if he could ‘shed any light on the reasons for the investigation. not given information Uninteligent impress with one's knowledge / ‘suggest an explanation Explain the meaning of the words and expressions in colour. . The truth suddenly dawned on me. | suddenly realised | haven't got the faintest idea what you're talking about. How could Mark have been so dim as to run out of petrol on the motorway! Don't let your desire for fame cloud your judgement. ‘Stephen Hawking is probably the most brilant British scientist who ever lived. ‘Jan is very bright child ~ she learnt to read when she was three years old!G. MULTIPLE MEANINGS cast sot act ‘These words are connected to film or theatre, bul they have other meanings, too, Match the words In colour to their meanings. Give the part of speech for cast, set and act in each sentence. Can you cast an eye over the script and give me your opinion? ws & follow 2. When Dan broke his arm, he had to wear a cast for two months. decide on Julia Roberts is often cast as the lead in romantic comedies. . part of a play Why do you have to cast doubt on all my plans? chosen to play a character Congratulations on your engagement ~ have you set a date yet? have a quick look at ‘She's unlikely to take your advice - she's too set in her ways, . frigid, with fixed ideas and habits I've seen a beautiful marble chess set | know she'd love, hard protective plaster 3. Fran beat Beth 6-3 in the final set found doing something wrong |. She decided to act on her teacher's advice. ‘ part of a tennis match The most exciting moment comes in the third act, behave |. Just try to act as if nothing's wrong, ‘group of matching items 2. They couldn't deny it as they were caught in the act. |. make others feel less certain about something H. IN OTHER WORDS: phrasal verbs Phrasal verbs are often tsed in informal language. ‘The words and phrases in colour are formal. Replace each one with the correct form of one of the following phrasal verbs, getinto ® playup © hype up © run through © laze around © come up with © bring in branch out ©! put on © crack up ike nothing better than ......./Az][email protected]........ and watching TV at the weekends. relaxing The DVD IS enone sussususce agai ~ can you have a look at it? malfunctioning Our School. va play every year. stages 1. Ineed to . . my lines a few times before opening night. review. 3. The producers spent hours trying to sans Catchy tile for the film. create ‘Our film company plans t0 oe... “ssn INtO Computer game production. diversity. Wve posty altnough found it bering at schoo, become dute keen on The theme tune he wrote stl nn. “vssnnsnsn income in the form of royalties, generates That sitcOM nnn «causes me to laugh uncontrollably 1. They . rian that ove 0 much i's bound to be a letdown, prised ita lt |A. GAPPED SENTENCES Think of one word only which can be used appropriately In all three sentences. 4, Itean't be easy to ssa a novel for the screen, but the scriptriter has done a fantastic ob, When Jule fst started her job, she found it feu o .. to her new hectic lifestyle, The course was designed for managers, but We CaN... « It for a nonprofessional audience. The ‘sunshine made it hard for me to see the screen, so we drew the curtains. ‘Trudy seemed to be a very sssusnusnan Student, but she never did very Wellin written tests, My sister wants to paint OUF F00M 0.0 pink, but | think it would be too distracting, ‘Simon won the ‘and became the tennis champion. ‘One of the nicest wedding gifts we received was a beautiul.... sss 0f matching serving dishes, The stage looks stunning = the . vm designer must be very talented,‘Throughout the party, Paula 1»: 88 If she had never seen me before in her life! Had you ‘on my advice, you wouldn't have had any problems with the contract. When | was at university, | in several productions with the student theatre Group, but I never had a leading roe, . ne 5. Nobody in the office could shed any ‘on the mystery of the missing files. Ahand-held torch only produces a faint mig Iwas months before Katy saw the . i ‘and decided to look for a new flatmate. ich space. ©. MULTIPLE CHOICE CLOZE Read the text below and decide which answer best fits ‘THE ULTIMATE IN REALITY TV In their attempts to ensure higher (1)... TV producers have developed a whole new breed of programmes (2) ‘eal people. In Europe the most famous of these (3)... ealty TV shows was probably Big Brother, where 12 or ‘People volunteered to ive under the watchful eye of TV cameras 24 hours a day. In America, the top show was, (4). 6n a similar concept, in which 16 (6)... are abandoned on a desert island. But the utimate example of the (©)... must surely be The Osbournes, frst (7)... on MTV in 2002, in which the homelfe of rock star Ozzy O: ‘and his family was laid bare to public scrutiny. Osbourne himself was already a (8) .... name as the former lead the highly successful heavy-metal group, Black Sabbath. The show was described as a real-ife sitcom because it light on Ozzy’s softer, more humorous side. It revealed his (10)... to his teenage kids, even though he was often yelling and (11) ...... at them. The programme (12) ...... millions for the Osbourne family and certainly blurred the boundaries between realty and television. ‘A scores B levels © sequences: D ratings A featuring B focusing © acting D_ hosting A. so-called B alleged © renowned D adept A adapted 8 hyped © based 1D founded! ‘A commentators B contestants © censors D. conductors A genre B role © style > A played B dubbed © cast D ‘A common B known © household D 1. A opened B wound © shed > 10. A conjunction B devotion © concentration > 41. A. luring B butting © banning D 12. A brought in B came out © went down D ©. WORD FORMATION Use the word given in capitals at the end of some lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. USER'S MANUAL Congratulations on becoming the owner of an Epicview digital camcorder! The (1) advice is designed to help you get maximum 2) ‘out of using your camera and viewing the results. You now have the chance to demonstrate your (3) to your fiends and family. Since most video (4) are of everyday occasions, i's only your talent which can make them look (6). + Pay attention to the (6) your audience to see. + Make sure that the background Is (7)... coloured objects or clothing that could be (8) ‘+ Check that the camera is properly focused ~ it will be done (8)... because of the self-focus feature, but you will get greater (10) if you use the manual controls. ‘of your shots. Include only what you want ‘Watch out for brightly 36KEY WORD TRANSFOR! Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the frst i Yence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. 4, There has never been such a large rock festival in this county. SCALE ‘This year's rock festival [8.0 : than any other held in this country 2, They have to do a lot of preparation before they start shooting each scene. GOES Alot of pes e shooting begins. 43, The film was an adaptation of a novel by Tom Sharpe. BASED They “ = a novel by Tom Sharpe 4, Could you take a quick look at my essay before | hand it in? EYE ‘Would you mind my essay before | hand it in? +5, I/can't imagine what Rod is planning to buy me for Christmas. FAINTEST I don't . what Rod is planning to buy me for Christmas 6. How much | earn is a personal matter! BUSINESS WS ne : : “ how much I earn! 7. Journalists are expected to work until late at night. PUT Journalists are expected Ae 18, Have Liz and John decided when they are getting married? SET Have Liz and John... : wedding? OPEN CLOZE Read the text below and think of the word which best fits in each gap. ach gap. Use only one word A FASCINATING LIFE (One of the (1) : memorable biographies | have (2) read describes the life of Dora Jordan, an 18th-century actress. She first appeared (3) _ stage at the age of 15, and in (@) suinum time had become a household name. Newspaper gossip about her personal life contributed to her meteoric rise to fame, especially when, in 1791, she began a romance with Prince Wiliam, who became king Bove ss later, Their relationship was (6) last more than 20 years, (7) ‘which time Dora bore him 10 children. She continued her career in the theatre, and remained (6) the limelight, ike a modern celebrity. Yet, despite her years of devotion to Wiliam and their children, not to mention the financial support she (9) ‘given him, he eventually abandoned her under pressure from his royal advisers in (10) : to marry a suitably royal bride, Forbidden to see her children, Dora was forced to leave the country, and died alone in France in 1816. It was fascinating to read about an unmarried working mother in (11) vresesnnennnenensue days, about her glamorous life and her tragic end, but the aspect | really enjoyed (12) the portrayal of Dora herself. She comes (13) as a real person - talented ‘and famous, but also a loyal and honest woman (14) : loved her children. I's a brillant book, and I'd recommend it to (15) ssnonen who likes reading about the rich and famous.