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 WORLD’S
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Topics
• Meaning of Rural Development
• Challenges of Rural Development
-The Lingering Challenges of Rural Development
(Rural Credit & Rural Marketing)
-The Emerging Challenges of Rural Development
(Options of Sustainable livelihood, other than farming
and Organic Farming)

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 RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Rural Development means an action plan for the social & economic growth of the rural areas.

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 RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Lingering Challenges
Emerging Challenges
(1)Challenge of Rural Credit
(1)Employment Outside Agriculture
-Most farming families in India are small &
-Animal Husbandry
marginal land holders
-Fisheries
-Gestation lag between sowing & harvesting
-Horticulture
of crops is very long
-Cottage & Household Industry
(2)Challenge of Agricultural (Rural) Marketing
(2)Organic Farming & Sustainable
-Lack of transportation facilities
Development
-Forced Sales
-Numerous market changes
-Lack of credit facilities
-Presence of middlemen WORLD’S
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 1.Short-term Credit
(Period- 6 to 12 months)
Purpose-seeds, fertilizers,
pesticides etc.

Types of
rural credit
3.Long-term Credit
(Period- Between 5 to 20 2. Medium-term Credit
years (Period-12 months to 5
Purpose-purchase of years
additional land, for Purpose- purchase of
carrying permanent machinery, digging the
improvement on land) wells etc.)

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 WORLD’S
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 WORLD’S
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 RBI & RURAL CREDIT

Since its beginning in 1935, the RBI has been playing an important role in providing credit to agriculturists and
strengthening credit institution, primary cooperative credit Societies and Land Development Banks in particular.
It focuses on:
-Short-term refinance facilities for agriculture and allied activities.
-development of cooperative credit institutions.
-expansion of the sources of funds for short-term & long term wings of the cooperative credit system.
-provision of long term funds to bring about state partnership in cooperative credit agencies.
-training and professionalization of cooperatives.
-conducting rural credit surveys to determine the coverage of rural households by credit institutions.
-helping bank branch expansion programme to provide cheaper remittance facilities for banks operating in rural
areas.
-guidance to all concerned on matters relating to rural credit.

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NABARD (NATIONAL BANK FOR AGRICULTURAL & RURAL DEVELOPMENT)

-NABARD was established on the recommendations of B. Sivaraman Committee, (by

Act 61, 1981 of Parliament) on 12 July 1982 to implement the National Bank for
Agriculture and Rural Development Act 1981. The Sixth Five Year Plan is the right
answer. NABARD was established in the year 1982.
-National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is an
Apex Development Financial Institution in India.
The Bank has been entrusted with "matters concerning Policy Planning and
Operations in the field of credit for Agriculture and other Economic activities in Rural
areas in India".
-NABARD has its head office at Mumbai, India.
-NABARD is also known for its 'SHG Bank Linkage Programme' which encourages
India's banks to lend to self-help groups (SHGs).
-Agency executive: Harsh Kumar Bhanwala (Chairperson)

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 WORLD’S
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 WORLD’S
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 WORLD’S
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 Defects or Problems of Agricultural Marketing

- Lack of transportation facilities

- Forced Sales
- Numerous Market Changes
- Lack of credit facilities
- Lack of storage facilities
- Presence of middlemen
- Lack of standard weights & measures
- Inadequate market information

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 Read Only

Important Government Schemes in Agriculture Sector

-E-NAM
National Agriculture Market (eNAM) is a pan-India electronic trading portal which networks the existing mandis to
create a unified national market for agricultural commodities.
Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) is the lead agency for implementing e-NAM under the aegis of Ministry
of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, Government of India.
-National Mission For Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) has been formulated for enhancing agricultural productivity
especially in rainfed areas focusing on integrated farming, water use efficiency, soil health management and synergizing
resource conservation.
NMSA will cater to key dimensions of 'Water use efficiency', 'Nutrient Management' and 'Livelihood diversification'
through adoption of sustainable development pathway by progressively shifting to environmental friendly technologies,
adoption of energy efficient equipments, conservation of natural resources, integrated farming, etc.
-Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)
Har Khet ko Pani "Prime Minister Krishi Sinchayee Yojana"
Government of India is committed to accord high priority to water conservation and its management.
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 Read Only

-Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)

The Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY), an initiative to promote organic farming in the country, was launched by the
NDA government in 2015.
According to the scheme, farmers will be encouraged to form groups or clusters and take to organic farming methods
over large areas in the country.

-Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is the government sponsored crop insurance scheme that integrates multiple
stakeholders on a single platform.

-Gramin Bhandaran Yojna

Create scientific storage capacity with allied facilities in rural areas.
To meet the requirements of farmers for storing farm produce, processed farm produce and agricultural inputs.

-Livestock insurance Scheme

This scheme aims to provide protection mechanism to the farmers and cattle rearers against any eventual loss of their
animals due to death and to demonstrate the benefit of the insurance of livestock to the people and popularize it with
the ultimate goal of attaining qualitative improvement in livestock and their products.

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 Read Only

-Scheme on Fisheries Training and Extension

It was launched to provide training for fishery sector so as to assist in undertaking fisheries extension programmes
effectively.

-Micro Irrigation Fund (MIF)

The government approved a dedicated Rs5,000 crore fund to bring more land area under micro-irrigation as part of its
objective to boost agriculture production and farmers income.

-The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme is a credit scheme introduced in August 1998 by Indian banks. This model scheme
was prepared by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) on the recommendations of
R.V.GUPTA committee[1] to provide term loans for agricultural needs.
Its objective is to meet the comprehensive credit requirements of the agriculture sector and by 2019 for fisheries and
animal husbandry by giving financial support to farmers. Participating institutions include all commercial banks, Regional
Rural Banks, and state co-operative banks. The scheme has short term credit limits for crops, and term loans. KCC credit
holders are covered under personal accident insurance up to ₹50,000 for death and permanent disability, and up to
₹25,000 for other risk.

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 ALTERNATIVE MARKETING CHANNEL

A marketing channel is the people, organizations, and activities necessary to transfer the
ownership of goods from the point of production to the point of consumption. It is the way
products get to the end-user, the consumer; and is also known as a distribution channel. A
marketing channel is a useful tool for management, and is crucial to creating an effective and well-
planned marketing strategy.

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 LIKE Big Bazaar

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 WORLD’S
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 OPTIONS OF EMPLOYMENT OTHER THAN AGRICULTURE IN RURAL AREAS

3.HORTICULTURE
1. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 2.FISHERIES "Horticulture is the 4. COTTAGE &
Animal husbandry is the Fisheries are growing of flowers, HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES
branch of agriculture areas of the sea A cottage industry is a small-
concerned with animals that
fruits and vegetables,
where fish are scale, decentralized
are raised for meat, fibre, and of plants for manufacturing business often
caught in large ornament and fancy."
milk, eggs, or other operated out of a home
products. It includes day-to-
quantities for
rather than a purpose-built
day care, selective breeding commercial facility. Cottage
and the raising of livestock. purposes. industries are defined by the
amount of investment
required to start, as well as
the number of people
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 WORLD’S
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 SOME IMPORTANT TERMS

1. OPERATION FLOOD
-Operation Flood, launched on the 13th of January, 1970, was the world's largest dairy development program and
a landmark project of India's National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).
-It transformed India from a milk-deficient nation into the world's largest milk producer, surpassing the United
States of America in 1998.
-It was launched to help farmers direct their own development and giving them control of the resources they
create. All this was achieved not merely by mass production, but by production by the masses; the process has
since been termed as the White Revolution.
-The Anand Pattern Experiment at Amul, a dairy co-operative, was the engine behind the success of the program.
- Verghese Kurien, the chairman and founder of Amul, was named the Chairman of NDDB by the then Prime

Minister of India Lal Bahadur Shastri.

-Kurien thrust the program towards success and has since been recognized as its architect.

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2. GOLDEN REVOLUTION
The period between 1991 to 2003 is known as the period of Golden Revolution in India. The Golden revolution
is related to the production of honey and horticulture. It is a part of the important agricultural revolutions of
India. Nirpakh Tutej is considered to be the Father of The Golden Revolution in India.

3. TANWA (TAMIL NADU WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE)

It is a project launched in Tamil Nadu with a view to training women in diverse techniques of farming.
-This is expected to raise employment of women as well as their income through higher levels of productivity.
-Having acquired specialized skills through training, women are forming Farm Women’s Groups (these groups
functions like SHG).
-It was launched in 1986.
4. INFO-KIOSKS
-To make Indian economy as a ‘knowledge economy’, consensus is emerging among the planners that in the21st
century knowledge will spread its wings across rural areas of the country.
-IT sector is expected to play its important role as an option of livelihood in rural areas.
-An academy called Jamshedji Tata National Virtual Academy for Rural Prosperity has been established.
-This academy impart operational training to nearly 10 lakh rural people to run info-kiosks.
-These kiosks are to be equipped with computers, scanners, printers and photocopiers.
-These are to provide services like e-mailing, video-conferencing and transfer of documents to different places.
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 And horticulture

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 Thank You
Kirti Khokher
PGT (Economics)

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