Suez University

Faculty of Science
Geology Department

Training Report
(Internal Training)
Presented By

Ziad Razk Mahmoud Ibrahim

"4Th Year Geology"

Under the supervision of

Prof. Dr.

Saada Ahmed Saada

(Head of the Geology Department)
The Second part: (Internal training)

On the first day of training, Dr. Saada explained a detailed section

about the coordinate system and angle measurement systems, which
are divided into three systems, namely the sexagesimal system, the
circular system, and the centennial system. The doctor explained each
system separately. The doctor also gave a detailed explanation of lines
of longitude and latitude, and the difference between the UTM system
and the ETM system.

Types of coordinate system

1- Geographic Coordinate System
• A Geographic Coordinate System is a reference framework used
to define the location of features on the surface of the Earth. It
is a system of latitude and longitude coordinates that defines a
three-dimensional position of a point on the Earth’s surface.
• These coordinates are based on an ellipsoid that approximates
the shape of the Earth, and they allow us to measure distances
and angles between different points on the Earth.
• Geographic Coordinate Systems (GCS) based on latitude and
longitude
• A Geographic Coordinate System is a 3D reference system that
uses latitude and longitude to define the location of a point on
the Earth’s surface.
• The latitude and longitude coordinates are measured in degrees,
minutes, and seconds, with the equator as the reference line for
latitude and the Prime Meridian (Greenwich Meridian) as the
reference line for longitude.
• The most commonly used geographic coordinate system is the
World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84). It is used by GPS
receivers and is the standard for most GIS applications.
Geographic Coordinate System Units
• The units of measurement for degrees of longitude (x-coordinates)
and degrees of latitude (y-coordinates) in geographic coordinate
systems, often known as GCS, are commonly decimal degrees
• Geographic coordinates are expressed as a position that is either
north or south of the Equator and east or west of the Prime
Meridian.

Latitude
• The Equator is the line of latitude that cuts across the center of the
Earth and marks zero degrees of latitude. Latitude lines are also
known as parallels that are found on the Y-axis.
• Geographic locations that are north of the Equator (0° latitude)
have positive latitude (or Y-values) coordinates. Geographic
locations that are south of the Equator have negative latitude
values.

Longitude
• The Prime Meridian, which passes through the Royal Observatory
in Greenwich, England in the United Kingdom, is the line of
longitude that is at zero degrees and runs from the North Pole to
the South Pole. Longitude lines are found along the X-axis.
• Geographic locations that are east of the Prime Meridian (0°
longitude) have positive longitude (or X-values) coordinates.
Geographic locations that are west of the Prime Meridian have
negative longitude values.
Fig. The north, south, east, and west positions of geographic coordinates are indicated by positive values for
coordinates that are north of the Equator and east of the Prime Meridian and negative values for geographic
locations that are south of the Equator and west of the Prime Meridian. Map: Caitlin Dempsey.

2- Universal transverse Mercator (UTM)

• Universal transverse Mercator (UTM) is a geographic coordinate
system and the most prevalent plane grid system used. UTM
divides the earth into 84˚ north latitude to 80˚ south and is
numbered into 60 vertical zones (each 6˚ latitude wide).
• All measurements are positive. There are two starting points (all
measurements in meters north and east); one at the equator and
another at 80˚ south (1000,000,000 meters south of the equator).
• UTM is used for remote sensing (satellite and aerial imagery
analysis) because it allows precise measurement using the metric
system.
UTM uses transverse Mercator projection (conformal)
• This coordinate system is used by the US federal government for their
data. The Equator is designated as the origin for Northing (y) and 500,000
meters is the false easting (x)

3-Egyptian coordinate system ETM

• The Egyptian map coordinate system consists of four zones, usually called
Belts. It is divided into 3 belts. The geodetic datum used in the maps of
the Egyptian General Authority for Surveying is the international reference
Helmert 1906 Ellipsoid.
As for the map projection system used in Egypt, it is called the Egyptian
Transverse Macerator system and is usually symbolized by the abbreviation
ETM. It is a special version of the Universal Transverse Macerator system
(UTM), but with elements specific to Egypt. The values of these elements
change with each belt (region) of the Egyptian maps as follows:
Egypt is divided into three regions (Belts):
purple belt, red belt, and blue belt.
 Purple Belt:
This belt covers the western region of Egypt from longitude 25 east to
longitude 29 east. The values of the ETM system elements in this belt are:
False Easting = 700000m
False Northing = 200 000 m
Latitude = 30 degree
Longitude = 27 degree
Scale on central Meridian = 1.00
Zone width = 4 degree
Red Belt:
This belt covers the central region of Egypt, from longitude 29 east to
longitude 33 east. The values of the ETM system elements in this belt are:
False Easting = 615000m
False Northing = 810000m
Latitude = 30 degree
Longitude = 31 degree
Scale on central Meridian = 1.00
Zone width = 4 degree
Blue Belt:
This belt covers the eastern region of Egypt from longitude 33 east to longitude
37 east. The values of the ETM system elements in this belt are:
False Easting = 300000m
False Northing = 110 000 m
Latitude = 30 degree
Longitude = 35 degree
Scale on central Meridian = 1.00
Zone width = 4 degree
 Fig. Types of belts in Egypt (ETM).

After that, Dr. Saada gave us the summer training file

After that, we tried to install the program on the devices, but there was
a technical problem with the devices and we were not able to install it.
Then Dr. Saada said that everyone should bring their device on the next
day of training.
and here we have finished the first day of training.
On the second day of training:
we brought the laptop and installed the GeoSoft program The steps to
install were as follows:
First, we had to stop the security system and viruses in the device so
that we could install the program

After we extract the file, three files will appear for us, and we will open
the first file

, which will be called “Install,” and we will install it. After that, we will
enter the third file, and we will find three files in it, and we will copy
them
and move them to the location of the file in the C disk, and choose
program files 86, and choose the GeoSoft program, and from there we
choose the bin file. We paste the files here,

then we choose the first file, open it, and wait until it finishes. After
that, we open the update file and install it, and then we open the
program to start working on it.
After that, we opened the delta file in the file that Dr. Saadeh gave us
using the GeoSoft program, and we first created a coordinate system
and we define the x-axis as long and the y-axis as Lat and draw the
scale and legend and map appeared like this:
Then after that, Dr. Saada explained a simplified part about the
magnetic field and what it measures, and that there is a website on
the Internet that calculates the magnetic field with the information of
longitude and latitude, and the start and end dates of the survey. Dr.
Saada explained that part practically, and then we installed the Petrel
program, and the steps to install were as follows:

To install Petrel, we do not need to stop security and antivirus

programs such as GeoSoft
First we extract the files

, then we go to Petrel 2014 and choose the Runtime environment file,

then we install the first 3 files in it ,then we install Petrelplatform,
then we go to the licensing file, then we install the program inside it

then we go back to Dr. Muhammad’s file, then to the first file, then we
copy what is inside it and paste it to disk C at the location of the
original file,

then we go to Dr. Muhammad’s file again, then we choose the second

file, then we change the name in the SLB file and replace it with the
name of the device, then we change the MAC address,
then we open the program and activate the licenses, and after that the
program opens successfully.

At the end of the day, Dr. Saada told us that next week we will work on
the Surfer program
The Third day of training

Indeed, as Dr. Saad promised us, we installed the server program and
the installation steps were as follows:
First, we extracted the program files from the summer training file

Then after that we entered the Install file and installed it

After that, we took a step back and opened the patched file and then
to the 64x file
Then we copied the files into it

After that, we take it to the program’s location on Disk C (Program file)

then we open the program, and after that the program opens
successfully.
After that, Dr. Saada gave us image to work on in the program.
Dr. Saada explained how to contour it, but before that, Dr. Saada made
coordinates for the image so that we could work on it.
Dr. Saada then gave a detailed explanation of the program.

And here ends another day of training

Last day of training

On the last day of the training, Dr. Saada explained a detailed part about the
GeoSoft program, which is as follows:

First we went to M and from there to Step-by-Step Filtering.

In another stage, we want to choose the appropriate filter for the map
through:
 Fig. Downward continuation filter

Then we applied several filters to the map (Upward continuation/Low-

pass/High-pass/And others)
After that, Dr. Saada explained a detailed part about the H and X
compounds, and how to calculate them theoretically. We also
calculated them practically from the program:
After that, Dr. Saad explained most of the program's tasks, and I thank
him for this great effort.

And here we reach the end of the training.

Last but not least, I know I did not cover all the training topics
and I apologize, but I tried and did my best in this report.
First of all, I would like to express my thanks to Allah who
helped me in finishing this work.
I would like to express my deepest gratitude and full thanks to
Prof. Dr. Saada, Professor of Geophysics (Head of the Geology
Department), for his great efforts throughout the training
days.