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Subnetting Examples1

The document discusses subnetting examples and routing tables: 1. A network of 220.125.5.192/26 is divided into 8 subnets of 8 hosts each. The IP ranges, network addresses, and broadcast addresses of each subnet are shown. 2. A company is given the network 201.70.64.0 and needs 6 subnets. The new subnet mask of 255.255.255.224 allocates 32 addresses to each subnet. The starting and ending IP addresses of the 6 subnets are listed. 3. A routing table is presented. Packets are directly delivered over interfaces 0 and 1 if their addresses match corresponding subnet entries. Otherwise, packets are forwarded to the listed routers or the

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hammad choudhary
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99 views

Subnetting Examples1

The document discusses subnetting examples and routing tables: 1. A network of 220.125.5.192/26 is divided into 8 subnets of 8 hosts each. The IP ranges, network addresses, and broadcast addresses of each subnet are shown. 2. A company is given the network 201.70.64.0 and needs 6 subnets. The new subnet mask of 255.255.255.224 allocates 32 addresses to each subnet. The starting and ending IP addresses of the 6 subnets are listed. 3. A routing table is presented. Packets are directly delivered over interfaces 0 and 1 if their addresses match corresponding subnet entries. Otherwise, packets are forwarded to the listed routers or the

Uploaded by

hammad choudhary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subnetting Examples

1. Divide the network 220.125.5.192/26 into 8 sub networks. How many hosts can be
connected in each network? Show their IP range, network address and broadcast
address. [6]
ANS:
 No of addresses for whole network are N= 232-26 =26 =64
First Address in network is- 220.125.2.192/26
Last address in network is- 220.125.5.255/26
 As 8 subnet has to design so we divide no of address with no of sub networks
i.e. 64/8= 8. That means each network has 8 addresses.
 New subnet mask will be:
For 8 network 3 bits are required (log2 8 =3) to add to /26 mask, so new mask
will be 26+3=29.

Sub Network range Network Address Broadcast Address


network
1 220.125.5.192/29-220.125.5.199/29 220.125.5.192/29 220.125.5.199/29
2 220.125.5.200/29-220.125.5.207/29 220.125.5.200/29 220.125.5.207/29
3 220.125.5.208/29-220.125.5.215/29 220.125.5.208/29 220.125.5.215/29
4 220.125.5.216/29-220.125.5.223/29 220.125.5.216/29 220.125.5.223/29
5 220.125.5.224/29-220.125.5.231/29 220.125.5.224/29 220.125.5.231/29
6 220.125.5.232/29-220.125.5.239/29 220.125.5.232/29 220.125.5.239/29
7 220.125.5.240/29-220.125.5.247/29 220.125.5.240/29 220.125.5.247/29
8 220.125.5.248/29-220.125.5.255/29 220.125.5.248/29 220.125.5.255/29

2. A company is granted a site address 201.70.64.0. The company needs six subnets.
Design the subnets(Subnet masks for each subnet, starting and ending address of
each subnet. [5]
Ans:
Step 1) Determine the number of subnets and convert to binary
- In this example, the binary representation of 6 = 00000110.

Step 2) Reserve required bits in subnet mask and find incremental value

- The binary value of 6 subnets tells us that we need at least 3 network bits to satisfy this
requirement
- Our original subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (Class C subnet) - The full binary representation of
the subnet mask is as follows:
255.255.255.0 = 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
- We must “convert” 3 of the client bits (0) to network bits (1) in order to satisfy the
requirements:
New Mask = 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
-If we convert the mask back to decimal, we now have the subnet mask that will be used on all
the new
networks – 255.255.255.224 –
New subnet mask 255.255.255.224
If you convert this bit to a decimal number, it becomes the number “32” that is every subnet is
having 32 addresses allotted to it (from 0 to 31, then 32 to 63 etc)

Step 3) Use increment to find network ranges

You can now fill in your end ranges, which is the last possible IP address before you start the
next range

Subnet No Range Starting Address Ending Address


1 201.70.64.0 – 201.70.64.31 201.70.64.1 201.70.64.30
2 201.70.64.32 – 201.70.64.63 201.70.64.33 201.70.64.62
3 201.70.64.64 – 201.70.64.95 201.70.64.63 201.70.64.94
4 201.70.64.96 - 201.70.64.127 201.70.64.97 201.70.64.126
5 201.70.64.128 - 201.70.64.159 201.70.64.129 201.70.64.158
6 201.70.64.160 - 201.70.64.191 201.70.64.161 201.70.64.190

The first and last address from each range (network / broadcast IP) are unusable

3. Suppose a router has build up the routing table shown below. The router can deliver
packets directly over interfaces 0 and 1 , or it can forward packets to routers R2, R3
or R4. Describe what the router does with a packet addressed to each of the
following destinations. [8]
i. 128.96.39.10
ii. 128.96.40.12
iii. 128.96.40.151
iv. 192.4.153.17
v. 192.4.153.90

Subnet Number SubnetMask NextHop


128.96.39.0 255.255.255.12 Interface 0
8
128.96.39.128 255.255.255.12 Interface 1
8
128.96.40.0 255.255.255.12 R2
8
192.4.153.0 255.255.255.19 R3
2
(Default) R4

Routing Table
Ans:

i. 128.96.39.10-Applying the subnet mask 255.255.255.128, we get 128.96.39.0. Use the


interface 0 as the next hop.
ii. 128.96.40.12-Applying the subnet mask 255.255.255.128, we get 128.96.40.0 (next hop
is Router R2)
iii. 128.96.40.151- Applying all the subnet mask give 128.96.40.128, None of the subnet
number entries match, hence use default Router R4.
iv. 192.4.153.17-Applying subnet mask 255.255.255.192, we get 192.4.153.0. Use Router
R3 as next hop.
v. 192.4.153.90- None of the subnet number entries match, hence use default Router R4
next hop.

4. I have a subnet mask 255.255.255.248 set up in my machine with IP 10.5.5.20?


What IP address should I ping to, so that I get response from all machines on my LAN
subnet.[5]

Ans:
Step 1: convert IP 10.5.5.20 into Binary Value
00001010000001010000010100010100

Step 2: subnet mask 255.255.255.248 into Binary value


11111111111111111111111111111000

1 Indicate Network bit and 0 indicate Client bit (29 bits are at network side and 3 bits are at
client side)

Step 3: Anding IP and Subnet mark

00001010000001010000010100010100
11111111111111111111111111111000
______________________________________________________
00001010000001010000010100010000

Decimal Value after Anding

10.5.5.16 (Network Address)

3 bits are at client side means 23 =8(i.e. 0 to 7). By adding this value in Network address we get
10.5.5.23 Broadcast Address.

10.5.5.23 IP address should ping to, so that I get response from all machines on my LAN
subnet.

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