STEM
STEM
POINTS TO REMEMBER:
Binning and Roher invented scanning tunnelling microscope to
magnify the topographical image of the sample by using the
concept of electron tunnelling.
PRINCIPLE:
1. Basic principle used in STEM is the tunnelling of electron
between the sharp tip and the sample.
2. The magni ed 3-D topographical image of the sample is
recorded in the computer.
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CONSTRUCTION:
1. The STM consist of a probe with sharp tip.The tip of the probe
is connected to the computer scanner through 3-D position
positioning.
2. A small air gap is maintained between the tip and the sample.
3. The computer is used to record the part of the probe and the
topographical image of the sample.
4. Necessary circuit connection is done along with the ampli er to
measure the tunnelling current.
WORKING:
• The necessary biasing voltage is given to the probe.
• Due to the voltage electrons are tunnelling in the air gap. Hence,
produces a small current it is called as the tunnelling current.
• The tunnelling current as ows through the circuit when the tip is
in contact with the sample through air gap (d).
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Height of uctuation is accurately recorded by the computer
through map of bumps in this way the tip is used to scan the
sample in atom by atom or line by line.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
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