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(Guide) LessonWS 3A02 01e

This document discusses the laws of positive integral indices. It states that if a ≠ 0 and m and n are positive integers, then: (i) am × an = am+n (ii) am/an = am-n It provides examples of simplifying expressions using these laws, such as (x6 × x4)3 = x18. Worked examples with increasing levels of difficulty are given to illustrate the application of the laws.

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10 views

(Guide) LessonWS 3A02 01e

This document discusses the laws of positive integral indices. It states that if a ≠ 0 and m and n are positive integers, then: (i) am × an = am+n (ii) am/an = am-n It provides examples of simplifying expressions using these laws, such as (x6 × x4)3 = x18. Worked examples with increasing levels of difficulty are given to illustrate the application of the laws.

Uploaded by

kwokrenee827
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2 Laws of Integral Indices

Lesson
Laws of Positive Integral Indices
Worksheet 2.1
Name: _________________________ Class: ___________
WITH GUIDING
Objective: Learn the laws of positive integral indices.

Key Points
If a  0 and both m and n are positive integers, then

(i)

(ii) , where m > n

Let’s Check
Simplify the following expressions. (1 – 6)

1. (a) a5  a12 = _______________ (b) b8  b4 = ___________________

2. (a) 2c2  c3 = _______________ (b) –4d13  7d7 = _______________

3. (a) a7 ÷ a4 = ________________ (b) b5 ÷ b8 = ___________________

4. (a) 2p7 ÷ 8p2 = ______________ (b) 81u4 ÷ (–9u6) = ______________

5. (a) x3  x5 ÷ x = _____________ (b) y3 ÷ y5  y6 = ________________

6. (a) = ______________ (b) = _________________

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

Key Points
If a  0 and both m and n are positive integers, then

Example 1 (Level 1) Let’s Try 1


Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.

(a) (y6  y4)3 (b) (a) (p2  p7)4 (b)


(c) x9  (x3)4 (c) (h7)3  h8

Solution Solution
(a)

(a)

(b)

(b)

(c)

(c)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 2 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 3 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

Key Points
If a, b  0 and n is a positive integer, then

(i)

(ii)

Example 2 (Level 1) Let’s Try 2.1


Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (3m4)2 (a) (4x)3
(b) (x3)6 (b) (–y6)5
(c) (6h2k5)3 (c) (2x3y)4

Solution Solution
(a)
(a)

(b) (b)
Note that
(i)(–1)n = –1 when n is an odd number,
(ii)(–1)n = 1 when n is an even number.

(c) (c)
In general, we have
(abc)n = [(ab)c]n = (ab)ncn = anbncn.

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 4 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

Let’s Try 2.2


Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (2x3  x2)4 (Level 1) (b) (–5a2  a5)2 (Level 1)

(c) (p6  pq4)3 (Level 2)

Solution

Simplify the expression inside the brackets first.

(a) (b)

(c)

Example 3 (Level 1) Let’s Try 3.1


Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.

(a) (b) (a) (b)

(c) (c)

Solution Solution
(a)

(a)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 5 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

(b)
(b)

(c)

(c)

Let’s Try 3.2 (Level 2)


Simplify the following expressions.

(a) (b)

Solution
(a) (b)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 6 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

Example 4 (Level 2) Let’s Try 4


Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.

(a) (a)
(b)
(b)

(c)
(c)
Solution
Solution
(a)

(a)

(b)
(b)

(c) (c)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 7 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 8 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


2 Laws of Integral Indices

Example 5 (Level 2) Let’s Try 5


Given that n is a positive integer, simplify the Given that n is a positive integer, simplify the
following expressions. following expressions.
(a) (a)

(b) (b)

Solution Solution
(a) (a)
Express 25n as a power of base 5 first.

(b) (b)
Note that 32 = 25 and 4 = 22, so express 32 and
43n + 1 as powers with the same base 2 first.

Let’s try the Consolidation Corner on page 2.10 of


the textbook.

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 9 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022

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