Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
The "Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update System for Vehicles in Deep Curves" is
an innovative project designed to address the pressing issues of road safety in challenging
terrains, specifically in ghat sections with deep curves and potential landslide risks. The
utilization of advanced technologies such as Arduino Uno, IR sensors, Rain sensor, ADXL
sensors, LCD displays, and Zigbee communication reflects a comprehensive and
sophisticated approach to enhancing safety on these hazardous roads. The system's primary
objective is to provide real-time assistance to drivers navigating through deep curves by
employing a multifaceted sensor network. IR sensors play a crucial role in detecting
obstacles on the road, alerting drivers to potential hazards and reducing the risk of
collisions. Meanwhile, ADXL sensors monitor vehicle dynamics, offering insights into
acceleration, deceleration, and lateral movements, allowing the system to provide timely
updates on the vehicle's status. One of the notable features of this system is its ability to
address environmental challenges, such as heavy rainfall and the threat of landslides. The
Rain sensor allows the system to detect adverse weather conditions, providing drivers with
timely warnings about the possibility of slippery roads and decreased traction. Additionally,
the system incorporates landslide detection capabilities, enabling it to monitor and alert
drivers to potential landslide risks in ghat-prone areas.

The integration of an LCD display further enhances the system's effectiveness by

providing drivers with critical information about the road conditions, potential obstacles,
and weather updates. Zigbee communication facilitates seamless communication between
the vehicle and the system, ensuring that real-time data is transmitted efficiently. In regions
characterized by deep curves on mountainous roads, the risks are substantial, including
reduced visibility, limited reaction time, and the constant threat of sudden obstructions due
to landslides. The "Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update System" addresses these
challenges comprehensively, offering a holistic solution to improve road safety in these
perilous terrains. By leveraging advanced technologies, the system not only enhances the
driving experience but, more importantly, significantly reduces the likelihood of accidents,
ultimately saving lives and preserving property and infrastructure. Moreover, the system's
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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
focus on deep curves and potential landslide-prone areas acknowledges the unique
challenges presented by mountainous terrains. The incorporation of LCD displays ensures
effective communication with drivers in real-time. This visual interface relays essential
information regarding imminent road conditions, upcoming curves, detected obstacles, and
weather alerts. The system's responsiveness is further augmented by Zigbee communication,
enabling seamless wireless data transmission among the diverse array of sensors and the
central processing unit.3W

In practical terms, the system offers a holistic approach to road safety by addressing key
factors such as reduced visibility, limited reaction time, and the unpredictability of sudden
obstructions resulting from landslides. The real-time updates provided by the system
empower drivers to make informed decisions, navigate challenging terrain more safely, and
take preventive measures in the face of adverse weather conditions. Moreover, the system's
capability to relay updates on heavy rainfall and landslide risks in ghat-prone areas
demonstrates its commitment to comprehensive safety measures. By amalgamating these
sophisticated technologies, the Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update System not only
strives to prevent accidents but also aims to significantly reduce the human and
infrastructural toll associated with accidents in regions characterized by deep curves and
landslide vulnerabilities. This innovative approach stands as a beacon for the future of road
safety in complex terrains, where proactive technology plays a pivotal role in preserving
lives and protecting valuable assets.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

1.Identification of Landslide Susceptible 1Zones Using Geographical

Information System

Published in: 2021 2nd International Conference on System, Computation, Automation

and Networking (ICSCAN)

Authors: Bhalerao R.G , Shaik N

Abstract: Landslide is one of the most worldwide nature phenomena that causing huge
damage to property and infrastructure, losses of human lives and animals almost every year.
To reduce the issues of landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) map of that particular area.
The accurate landslide zones which have been evaluated by using frequency ratio model
method, that indicates more than 85% of landslide prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the
integration of modern technologies, such as remote sensing and Geographic Information
System (GIS), enhances the accuracy and precision of LSZ mapping. In conclusion, the
development of Landslide Susceptibility Zonation maps through advanced modeling
techniques, such as the frequency ratio model method, represents a proactive and strategic
approach to managing the risks associated with landslides. These maps play a pivotal role in
disaster risk reduction by providing accurate predictions, facilitating informed decision-
making, and guiding both pre-disaster planning and post-disaster response efforts.

2. IOT Based Landslide Detection and Monitoring

Published in: 2020 International Journal of Advanced Research and Innovative Ideas in
Education (IJARIIE)

Authors: Prof. Suresh Galve ,Akshay Patil ,Hardik Rathod ,Shubhangi Kharche,Ravi
Hadale

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
Abstract: A landslide is movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope. In
monsoons the rain water percolates and develops hydraulic pressure which exceeds the
elastic limit of the soil or rocks. The main objective to study the landslide detection is to
prevent the natural calamity by detecting its early movement. In addition to preventing loss
of life, landslide detection systems contribute to infrastructure resilience and risk reduction.
By understanding the environmental conditions that lead to landslides, authorities can
implement engineering solutions, such as reinforced slopes, retaining structures, and
drainage systems, to mitigate the risk. In summary, the objectives of landslide detection are
multifaceted, encompassing both the humanitarian goal of reducing human losses and the
strategic aim of preventing or mitigating the impact of this natural calamity. Through the
integration of advanced sensing elements and real-time data analysis, landslide detection
systems play a crucial role in enhancing resilience, preparedness, and response capabilities
in regions prone to landslide hazards.

3. Toxic Environment Monitoring using Sensors based on Arduino

Published in: 2022 IEEE 4th International Conference on Advance in Computing,

Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N)

Authors:R. Rajalakshmi ,J. Vidhya,D. Chavan

Abstract:The paper represents a significant contribution to the field of environmental

monitoring by introducing a system designed to detect and monitor toxic substances. This
innovative system addresses the pressing need for real-time identification and tracking of
hazardous materials in the environment, providing valuable data for environmental
management, public health, and emergency response. Key features and components of the
proposed system may include advanced sensors capable of detecting a wide range of toxic
substances. These sensors may utilize various technologies such as spectroscopy,
electrochemical sensors, or other chemical-specific detection methods. The choice of
sensors depends on the targeted substances and the desired level of sensitivity and
specificity. The system likely incorporates a data acquisition and processing unit to collect
information from the sensors. This unit is responsible for gathering, organizing, and
analysing the data generated by the sensors in real-time. User interfaces and visualization
tools are likely included in the system to present the detected toxic substance data in an
accessible and comprehensible manner.
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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
4. Implementation of Vehicle Mishap Averting System Using Arduino

Published in: 2021 in the International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring
Engineering (IJITEE)

Authors:S. Ravia,S. Rakul,K.N Thirukulkarni,Vivek Kadam

Abstract:The Vehicle Mishap Averting System, designed for collision avoidance during
simultaneous turns on a U-bend, relies on an array of advanced technologies. The ultrasonic
transceiver, strategically positioned on the vehicle, continuously emits waves to gauge distances from
obstacles. The collected data is wirelessly transmitted to the Arduino microcontroller via a Wi-Fi
module. The Arduino, functioning as the system's brain, employs a sophisticated collision avoidance
algorithm that assesses the proximity and direction of obstacles. In response to potential collision
risks, the system employs various output devices for user feedback. A buzzer emits distinctive alerts,
while light-emitting displays convey visual indications, and a liquid crystal display provides detailed
information about the surroundings. The amalgamation of these components ensures that drivers
receive multi-sensory alerts, enhancing their situational awareness. Additionally, the system has the
capability to share real-time data with other equipped vehicles via the Wi-Fi module, fostering
collective awareness and collaboration to prevent collisions in shared environments. The ultimate
objective of this comprehensive system is to significantly reduce the risk of mishaps when multiple
vehicles navigate a U-bend simultaneously, thereby enhancing road safety in challenging turning
scenarios.

5. Smart Road Safety and Vehicle Accidents Prevention System

Published in: 2022 in the International Journal from Innovative Engineering and
Management Research (IJIEMR)

Authors:Dr Nookala Venu,Kusumba Anusha,Govindu Rakesh

Abstract :Internet of Things connects various physical devices & objects over the globe
via internet. IOT is a system that connects computing devices, machines etc. that are
provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and IOT provides ability to transfer data over a
network without requiring any interaction between the devices. IOT is largely expansion of
services provided by Internet. Internet of Things is that the network of physical objects like
devices, instruments and other items embedded with electronics, circuits, software, sensors

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
and network connectivity that permits these objects to gather and exchange data over a
network without requiring human-to-human or human-tocomputer interaction. Internet of
Things allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network
infrastructure, also creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world
into computer-based systems, and leading to improved efficiency and accuracy.To prevent
accidents at U-turns by altering the driver about the vehicle coming from the opposite side.
This is done by keeping an IR sensor and buzzers and one red led and one green led on both
sides of the U-turn and so that if vehicle comes from one end of the curve then sensor senses
and this IR sensor gives signal to Arduino and Arduino gives command to Buzzer, LED
lights and Buzzer rings on the other side in order to alert the driver.

2.1 Related Work

Vehicle Collision Avoidance Systems:Investigate existing collision avoidance systems that
use sensors, cameras, and radar to detect obstacles.Explore how these systems operate in
different terrains and weather conditions.Analyze the effectiveness of current collision
avoidance technologies in deep curves.

Landslide Detection and Monitoring:Research existing landslide detection systems that

utilize satellite imagery, geospatial data, and ground sensors.Examine how these systems
provide real-time updates and warnings about landslide-prone areas.Evaluate the accuracy
and reliability of landslide detection technologies.

Curve Navigation Algorithms:Study algorithms designed for vehicles to navigate curves

safely.Explore how these algorithms consider factors like speed, road conditions, and
vehicle dynamics.Assess the adaptability of existing algorithms for navigating deep curves.

Integration of Sensors and IoT:Investigate the integration of various sensors (lidar, radar,
ultrasonic) in vehicles for real-time data collection.Explore how Internet of Things (IoT)
technologies facilitate communication between vehicles and infrastructure for enhanced
safety.

Communication Protocols for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I):Explore communication

protocols used for V2I communication in the context of conflict avoidance.Investigate how
infrastructure updates related to landslide risks are communicated to vehicles in real-time.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
Human Factors and User Interface Design:Analyze the human factors involved in
accepting and responding to conflict and landslide alerts in deep curves.

2.2 Problem definition

The project revolves around the safety challenges inherent in navigating deep curves on
mountainous roads, especially in regions susceptible to landslides. These deep curves pose a
significant risk due to reduced visibility, constrained reaction times, and the potential for
abrupt obstacles, culminating in an elevated likelihood of accidents. Additionally, the threat
of landslides in ghat sections exacerbates these dangers, as the unpredictable nature of such
events can result in substantial damage to property, infrastructure, and pose a grave risk to
human lives. The project recognizes the critical need for a system that can provide real-time
updates to drivers, enhancing their awareness of the environmental conditions, and, in
particular, the imminent risks associated with heavy rainfall and landslides. By focusing on
conflict avoidance and landslide detection, the project aims to mitigate the inherent dangers
of navigating deep curves in mountainous terrains, ultimately enhancing road safety in these
challenging and potentially hazardous environments.

2.3 EXISTING SYSTEM

In many areas prone to landslides, there is no comprehensive and integrated landslide early
warning and monitoring system. The existing systems, if any, are often fragmented and lack
real-time data integration. Here's an overview of the limitations of the existing system. Lack
of Comprehensive Monitoring: In many regions, there is a lack of advanced monitoring
systems that can comprehensively assess the factors contributing to landslides, such as soil
moisture, seismic activity, and anthropogenic disturbances.

Limited Warning Capabilities: Traditional early warning systems often rely on weather
forecasts and geological surveys, which may not provide timely and accurate information on
potential landslide events. Reliance on Manual Observation: Monitoring and assessing
landslide risk are often based on manual observations, which are labor- intensive and may
not provide sufficient lead time for evacuation or preventive measures.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT

2.3.1 Drawbacks of Existing System

1.Fragmented and Non-integrated Systems: Lack of integration among existing systems

results in fragmented data sources. Incomplete understanding of the overall landslide risk
due to the inability to consolidate data from various sources.

2.Absence of Real-time Data Integration:Existing systems lack real-time data integration

capabilities. Inability to provide timely updates on changing conditions, leading to delays in
response and decision-making.

3.Lack of Comprehensive Monitoring: Absence of advanced monitoring systems assessing

multiple factors contributing to landslides (e.g., soil moisture, seismic activity,
anthropogenic disturbances)Incomplete risk assessment, as crucial contributing factors may
go unnoticed, increasing the likelihood of false alarms or missed warnings.

4.Limited Warning Capabilities:Dependence on weather forecasts and geological surveys for

early warnings.Unreliable or delayed information, making it challenging to issue timely
alerts and increasing the risk of casualties or damage.

3.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM

To address the limitations of the existing system and enhance landslide prediction and
mitigation, a more sophisticated and integrated system is proposed. Comprehensive Sensor
Network a network of sensors to continuously monitor various factors contributing to
landslide risk. This may include soil moisture sensors, seismometers, and cameras for real-
time data collection. Data Integration use modern technology and data analytics to integrate
data from different sources into a centralized system. This system should be capable of
processing and analyzing the data to detect patterns and potential landslide triggers.
Machine Learning and AI employ machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence to
analyze historical data and predict landslide risk. These algorithms can identify trends and
issue warnings based on detected anomalies.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
Real-time Alerts implements a system that can provide real-time alerts to relevant
authorities and local communities through various communication channels, including
mobile apps, text messages, and sirens. Community Engagement: Educate and engage local
communities in landslide risk awareness and preparedness. Encourage residents to take
preventive actions based on early warnings. Remote Sensing and Satellite Technology:
Utilize remote sensing and satellite data for comprehensive landscape monitoring. These
technologies can provide valuable information on land use changes, erosion, and other
factors affecting landslide susceptibility. Geological Surveys and Research: Continue
geological research to better understand regional landslide patterns, improve mapping, and
enhance knowledge of geological factors contributing to landslides.

1.4.1Advantages of proposed System

1.Comprehensive Sensor Network: Continuous monitoring of various factors

contributing to landslide risk.Provides a holistic understanding of the environmental
conditions, enabling early detection of potential landslide triggers.

2.Data Integration:Integration of data from different sources into a centralized

system.Enables a more accurate and comprehensive analysis, facilitating a more informed
decision-making process.

3.Machine Learning and AI:Utilization of machine learning algorithms and AI for

predictive analysis.Enhances the accuracy of landslide risk predictions by identifying
patterns and anomalies in historical data, allowing for more timely and precise warnings.

4.Real-time Alerts: Implementation of a system for real-time alerts to relevant

authorities and local communities.Improves response time, enabling quicker evacuation and
preventive measures, reducing the potential impact of landslides.

5.Community Engagement: Education and engagement of local communities in

landslide risk awareness.Empowers residents to take proactive measures based on early
warnings, contributing to overall community resilience.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
6.Remote Sensing and Satellite Technology:Utilization of remote sensing and
satellite data for comprehensive landscape monitoring Provides valuable information on
land use changes, erosion, and other factors affecting landslide susceptibility, enhancing the
overall effectiveness of the system.

7.Geological Surveys and Research:Continued geological research to better

understand regional landslide patterns.Improves mapping and enhances knowledge of
geological factors contributing to landslides, contributing to more accurate risk assessments.

2.5 Objectives

Objectives are designed to achieve the goals

1. To detect and prevent the accidents to enhance safety.

2.To deploy the system on ghat roads in mountainous regions, where sharp curves and
landslides are common, to prevent accidents and road closures.

3.To detect the landslide occurrence.

4.To develop the warning systems for the detection of landslide.

5.To improve response times for emergency services by providing them with real-time

information about road conditions and potential hazards

2.6 METHODOLOGY

 IR Sensor Integration: Install IR sensors on the vehicle to detect obstacles and other vehicles
in the proximity, especially in deep curves.
 ADXL Sensor Implementation: Use ADXL sensors to measure land tilt and ground
vibrations and possible land slides, providing real-time data to assess the vehicle's stability.
 Arduino Uno Control Unit: Employ Arduino Uno as the central control unit to process data
from IR and ADXL sensors and communicate with other components.
 LCD Display Interface: Design a user-friendly interface on an LCD display to show
warnings and updates to the driver. Rain Sensor Integration: Updates about rainfall across
the ghat or roads that are passing across mountains and update to driver.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT

CHAPTER 3

SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

A software requirements specification (SRS) is a detailed description of a software system

to be developed with its functional and non-functional requirements. The SRS is developed
based the agreement between customer and contractors. It may include the use cases of how
user is going to interact with software system. The software requirement specification
document consistent of all necessary requirements required for project development. To
develop the software system we should have clear understanding of Software system. To
achieve this we need to continuous communication with customers to gather all
requirements.
A good SRS defines the how Software System will interact with all internal modules,
hardware, communication with other programs and human user interactions with wide range
of real life scenarios. Using the Software requirements specification (SRS) document on QA
lead, managers creates test plan. It is very important that testers must be cleared with every
detail specified in this document in order to avoid faults in test cases and its expected
results.
It is highly recommended to review or test SRS documents before start writing test cases
and making any plan for testing. Let’s see how to test SRS and the important point to keep
in mind while testing it.
Correctness of SRS should be checked :Since the whole testing phase is dependent on
SRS, it is very important to check its correctness. There are some standards with which we
can compare and verify.
Ambiguity should be avoided: Sometimes in SRS, some words have more than one
meaning and this might confused tester’s making it difficult to get the exact reference. It is
advisable to check for such ambiguous words and make the meaning clear for better
understanding.
Requirements should be complete: When tester writes test cases, what exactly is required
from the application, is the first thing which needs to be clear. For e.g. if application needs
to send the specific data of some specific size then it should be clearly mentioned in SRS
that how much data and what is the size limit to send.

Consistent requirements: The SRS should be consistent within itself and consistent to its

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
reference documents. If you call an input “Start and Stop” in one place, don’t call it
“Start/Stop” in another. This sets the standard and should be followed throughout the testing
phase
Verification of expected result: SRS should not have statements like “Work as expected”,
it should be clearly stated that what is expected since different testers would have different
thinking aspects and may draw different results from this statement.
Testing environment: some applications need specific conditions to test and also a
particular environment for accurate result. SRS should have clear documentation on what
type of environment is needed to set up.
Pre-conditions defined clearly: one of the most important part of test cases is pre-
conditions. If they are not met properly then actual result will always be different expected
result. Verify that in SRS, all the pre-conditions are mentioned clearly.
Requirements ID: these are the base of test case template. Based on requirement Ids, test
case ids are written. Also, requirements ids make it easy to categorize modules so just by
looking at them, tester will know which module to refer. SRS must have them such as id
defines a particular module.
Security and Performance criteria: security is priority when a software is tested especially
when it is built in such a way that it contains some crucial information when leaked can
cause harm to business. Tester should check that all the security related requirements are
properly defined and are clear to him. Also, when we talk about performance of a software,
it plays a very important role in business so all the requirements related to performance must
be clear to the tester and he must also know when and how much stress or load testing
should be done to test the performance.
Assumption should be avoided: sometimes when requirement is not cleared to tester, he
tends to make some assumptions related to it, which is not a right way to do testing as
assumptions could go wrong and hence, test results may vary. It is better to avoid
assumptions and ask clients about all the “missing requirements” to have a better
understanding of expected results.

Deletion of irrelevant requirements: there are more than one team who work on SRS so it
might be possible that some irrelevant requirements are included in SRS. Based on the
understanding of the software, tester can find out which are these requirements and remove
them to avoid confusions and reduce work load.
Freeze requirements: when an ambiguous or incomplete requirement is sent to client to
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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
analyse and tester gets a reply, that requirement result will be updated in the next SRS
version and client will freeze that requirement. Freezing here means that result will not
change again until and unless some major addition or modification is introduced in the
software
Most of the defects which we find during testing are because of either incomplete
requirements or ambiguity in SRS. To avoid such defect it is very important to test software
requirements specification before writing the test cases. Keep the latest version of SRS with
you for reference and keep yourself updated with the latest change made to the SRS. Best
practice is to go through the document very carefully and note down all the confusions,
assumptions and incomplete requirements and then have a meeting with the client to get
them clear before development phase starts as it becomes costly to fix the bugs after the
software is developed. After all the requirements are cleared to a tester, it becomes easy for
him to write effective test cases and accurate expected results.

3.1 Functional Requirements:

GUI User-facing apps: are planning to develop user interface apps for both the
smartphones as well as desktop so our clients can use these apps to gain access to our
network.
Pre-Processing unit: This unit will pre-process the data obtained from UCI repository.
Various processing includes, data cleaning (removing the data which is not labelled) ,
stemming , lemmatization and various other functions.

Machine learning Models: We will be using one model, which will be trained using the
data sets obtained. Various Machine learning techniques are used to train this model

Security: Information is stored and shared on our platform is highly secure since the
information is divided into chunks and encrypted and stored on various system. Hence
attacks on the system are difficult.

Scalability: As the number of nodes increases in our network the scalability of our platform
in terms of space and accessibility increase’s exponentially.
Performance: As our network is based on peer to peer and not on a single data storage so
the single point of failure is removed and so the performance is increased
User friendly: The user-facing apps that are used by the clients to access our network are
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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
designed in such a way that they are user friendly and very easy to use.
Cost: The cost of constructing data centres which usually cause billions and the
maintenance cost of these data centres is nullified.
Availability: Since our system is not centralized and there is no single point of failure in our
system, therefore the availability of our system increased.

3.2 Non-Functional Requirements:

1. Performance:The system should provide real-time updates and warnings with a response
time of less than one second. The communication infrastructure should support a high
throughput to handle concurrent alerts and updates efficiently.

2.Reliability: The system should be available 24/7, ensuring continuous monitoring and
timely responses to potential conflicts and landslide events.

Fault Tolerance: The system should be resilient to sensor failures or communication

disruptions, providing fallback mechanisms.

3.Scalability: The system should be designed to handle increased load as the number of
connected vehicles and monitored areas grows. It should easily scale to accommodate
additional sensors and data sources.

4.Data Encryption: All communication channels, including V2V and V2I, should use
encryption to protect sensitive information. Implement strict access controls to prevent
unauthorized access to the system and ensure data integrity.

5.Usability: The user interface should be clear, intuitive, and easy to understand,
minimizing distraction for drivers.Ensure that the system accommodates various user
abilities and accessibility standards.

6.Compatibility: The system should be compatible with a range of in-vehicle devices,

ensuring seamless integration with different vehicle models.Ensure interoperability with
existing transportation infrastructure and emergency response systems.

7.Maintainability:The system should be modular, allowing for easy updates and

maintenance without affecting the entire functionality.Provide comprehensive
documentation for system maintenance and troubleshooting.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
8.Adaptability:The system should adapt to different weather conditions and varying
terrains, ensuring consistent performance .Machine learning algorithms should be adaptable
to changing patterns and environmental factors.

9.Community Engagement: Assess the effectiveness of community engagement efforts in

terms of increasing awareness and promoting preventive actions Establish a mechanism for
receiving feedback from the community on the usability and effectiveness of the system.

3.3 Hardware Requirements:

 Arduino Uno
 Vibration Sensor
 Moisture sensor
 Voltage Regulator
 Buzzer
 Accelerometer (ADXL Sensor)
 Rain Sensor
 LCD
 Camera
 IOT Communicator
 H Bridge
 Power supply

3.4 Software Requirements

 Operating system : Windows XP / 7

 Coding Language : Python3, Embedded C

 Software :Anaconda – Jupyter, Arduino IDE.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT

GANTT CHART

A chart in which a series of horizontal lines shows the amount of work done or production
completed in certain periods of time in relation to the amount planned for those periods.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT

Fig1:Gantt Chart

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“Implementation of Vehicle Mishap Averting System Using Arduino Microcontroller”Vol. 5
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(Railways),” IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, no. 2.

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 Conflict Avoidance and Landslide Update of Vehicle in Deep Curves Using IOT
7. [7] Mousumi Gupta, M. Ghose, and L. Sharma, “Application of Remote sensing & GIS for
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