STATISTIC AND PROBABILITY

ASSIGNMENT #2:
B. construct the probability distribution for the random
variables described in each of the following situations. Draw the
corresponding histogram for each probability distribution.
1. Four coins are tossed. Let Z be the random variable
representing the number of heads that turn up. Find the values
of the random variable Z.
1st Step: Determine the sample space. Let Z represent heads
Solution: The sample space for this experiment is:
S = {HHHH, HHHT, HHTH, HTHH, THHH, THHT, THTH, TTHT, TTTH, TTTT,
HTTT, THTT, HHTT, HTTT, HTHT}
2nd Step: Count the number of heads in each outcome in the sample
space and assign this number to the outcome.
Solution:

POSSIBLE OUTCOMES VALUE OF THE RANDOM

VARIABLE Z
HHHH 4
HHHT 3
HHTH 3
HTHH 3
THHH 3
THHT 2
 THTH 2
TTHT 1
TTTH 1
TTTT 0
HTTT 1
THTT 1
HHTT 2
HTTT 1
HTHT 2

3rd Step: Assign probability values of P (Z) to each value of the random
variable.

VALUE OF THE RANDOM PROBABILITY P(Z)

VARIABLE Z

1
0 15
5
1 15
4
2 15
4
3 15
1
4 15
4th Step: Make a histogram for this probability distribution.
Remember:
Histogram is a bar graph. To construct a histogram for probability
distribution, follow these steps:
 1. Plot the values of the random variable along the horizontal axis.
1 5 4 4 1
Number of heads, Z 0 1 2 3 and 4 Probability, P (Z) , , , ,
15 15 15 15 15

2.) Plot the probabilities along the vertical axis

5
15

4
15

3
15

2
15

1
15

0
0
1 2
3 4
2. A shipment of five computers contains two that are slightly
defective. If a retailer receive three of these computers at
random, list the element of the sample space S using the Letter
D and N for defective and non-defective computers,
respectively. To each sample point, assign a value of the
random variable X representing the number of computers
purchased by retailer which are slightly defective.
1st Step: Determine the sample space. Let X represent the number of
computers purchased
Solution: The sample space for this experiment is:
S = {NNN, DNN, NDN, NND, DDN, NDD, DND}
2nd Step: Count the number of computers purchased in each outcome
in the sample space and assign this number to the outcome.

POSSIBLE OUTCOMES VALUE OF THE RANDOM

VARIABLE X

NNN 0
DNN 1
NDN 1
NND 1
DDN 2
NDD 2
DND 2

3rd Step: Assign probability values of P (X) to each value of the random
variable.

VALUE OF THE RANDOM PROBABILITY P(X)

VARIABLE X
 1
0 7
3
1 7
3
2 7

4th Step: Make a histogram for this probability distribution.

Remember:
Histogram is a bar graph.
To construct a histogram for probability distribution, follow these steps:
1. Plot the values of the random variable along the horizontal axis.
1 3 3
Number of computer purchased, X 0 1 and 2Probability, P (X) , , ,
7 7 7

2.) Plot the probabilities along the vertical axis

4
7

3
7

2
7
 1
7

0
0 1 2

3. Let T be a random variable giving the number of heads in

three tosses of a coin. List the element of the sample space S
for the three tosses of the coin and assign a value to each
sample point.
1st Step: Determine the sample space. Let T represent the number of
heads.
Solution: The sample space for this experiment is:
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT}
2nd Step: Count the number of heads in each outcome in the sample
space and assign this number to the outcome.

POSSIBLE OUTCOMES VALUE OF THE RANDOM

VARIABLE T

HHH 3
HHT 2
HTH 2
HTT 1
THH 2
 THT 1
TTH 1
TTT 0

3rd Step: Assign probability values of P (T) to each value of the random
variable.

VALUE OF THE RANDOM PROBABILITY P(T)

VARIABLE T

1
0 8
3
1 8
3
2 8
1
3 8
4th Step: Make a histogram for this probability distribution.
Remember:
Histogram is a bar graph.
To construct a histogram for probability distribution, follow these steps:
1. Plot the values of the random variable along the horizontal axis.
1 3 3 1
Number of heads, T 0 1 2 and 3 Probability, P (T) , , ,
8 8 8 8

2.) Plot the probabilities along the vertical axis

 4
8

3
8

2
8

1
8

0
0
1 2
3

F. construct a probability distribution for the data and draw a histogram

of the distribution.
1. The probabilities that surgeon operates on 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 patients in
any one day are 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.20, and 0.20, respectively

Number of the patients operates by

the surgeon in any one day X 3 4 5 6 7

Probability of P (X) 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.20 0.20

 Histogram of the distribution:

0.25

0.20

0.15

0.10

0.05
 0 1 0 1 2 3
4 5 6 7
2. The probabilities that a customer buys 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 item in a
convenience store are 0.32, 0.12, 0.23, 0.18 and 0.15, respectively.

Number of customers buy item in a

convenience store X
2 3 4 5 6

Probability P(X) 0.32 0.12 0.23 0.18 0.15

0.32

0.30

0.23

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.12

0.

1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
3. The probabilities that a student will barrow 1, 2, 3, or 4 books are
0.45, 0.30, 0.15 and 0.10, respectively

Number of student will barrow a book X

1 2 3 4

Probability P(X) 0.45 0.30 0.15 0.10

0.45

0.40

0.35

0.30

0.20

0.15
0.10

0.5

01 0 0 1 2 3
4 4. The probabilities the bias die will fall as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6
1
∧1
are , , , ,
1 1 1 1 12 , respectively.
2 6 12 12 12

Number of the bias die will

fall X
1 2 3 4 5 6

Probability P(X) 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 6 12 12 12 12

Histogram of the distribution:

 1
2

1
8

1
6

1
12

1
10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

5. The probabilities that a depositor will invest

1 1 ,∧1
₱ 100,000 , ₱ 250,000 ,∨₱ 180,000 are ,
4 4 4 , respectively.

Number of that depositor will

invest X
₱100,000 ₱250,000 ₱180,000

Probability P(X) 1 1 1
4 4 4
 Histogram of the distribution:
1
2

1
4

1
8

3
4

0
₱ 100,000 ₱ 150,000 ₱ 180,000 ₱ 200,000 ₱ 250,000

G. Solving the following problems

1. Daily demand for copies of movie magazine at a variety store has the
following probability distribution.

NUMBER OF COPIES X PROBABILITY P(X)

0 0.06
1 0.14
2 0.16
3 0.14
 4 0.12
5 0.10
6 0.08
7 0.07
8 0.06
9 0.04
10 0.03

a. What is the probability that three or more copies will be demanded

in a particular day?
ANSWER:
 P(x ≥3)

 0.14

b. What is the probability that the demand will be least two but not
more than six?
ANSWER:
 P ¿6)

 P ( x ≤ 2 )=P ( 2 ) + P ( 3 ) + P ( 4 )+ P ( 5 ) + P(6)
 0.16 + 0.14 + 0.12 + 0.10 + 0.08

 0.6