Three Phase Transformer:

Scott or Tee Connection

By : Dr. Atul R. Phadke
Associate Professor in Electrical Engineering
Government College of Engineering, Karad (Maharashtra)
SCOTT CONNECTION:
For specific applications it may be necessary to convert or transform a three-
phase supply to two-phase supply.
VCA VAB
This can be achieved through Scott or Tee connection.

Two transformers of same or different ratings with suitable tappings on them are VBC
required for the Scott connection.

However, transformers with identical ratings are preferred. Va

Three-phase to two-phase conversion and vice-versa is needed under the

following circumstances:

1) It is commonly used in electric furnace installations where it is intended to

Vb
run two single phase furnaces from a three-phase supply to draw a
balanced current from a three-phase supply system.

2) To interlink three-phase and two-phase systems.

3) To supply power to two-phase apparatus through a three-phase supply.

4) To supply power to three-phase apparatus through a two-phase supply.

SCOTT CONNECTION: Teaser
transformer
Voltages across primaries Voltages across secondaries
𝑎2
A
a2 0.866 𝑁1
𝑉𝐿 A
𝐴 𝑁2 Load

𝑉𝐿 3-ph
𝑉𝐿
a1 AC 𝑎1
C M 𝑉𝐿 B b1 b2 Supply 𝑉𝐿 𝑁1ൗ 𝑁1ൗ
2 𝑀 2
B
𝐵 𝐶
The primary winding of one transformer (main transformer) is
connected across the supply terminals B and C. 𝑏2 𝑁2 𝑏1
𝑉𝐿
The mid-point ‘M’ of this winding is connected to the primary Load
C
winding of the second transformer (teaser transformer).
Main
The other terminal of teaser transformer at 86.6% tapping is transformer
connected to the terminal A of three-phase supply.
If the line voltage is VL volts, the voltage across terminals A
and B, B and C and C and A will be VL volts.
Secondary windings of the main and teaser transformer are
connected to loads.
SCOTT CONNECTION: Teaser
transformer
Voltages across primaries Voltages across secondaries
A 𝑎2
a2 0.866 𝑁1
𝑉𝐿 A
𝐴 𝑁2 Load
𝑉𝐿 0.866 𝑉𝐿 3-ph
a1 𝑉𝐿 𝑎1
AC
C 𝑉𝐿 M 𝑉𝐿 B b1 b2 Supply 𝑉𝐿 𝑁1ൗ 𝑁1ൗ
2 2 2 𝑀 2
B
The voltage between point ‘A’ on the primary of the teaser 𝐵 𝐶
transformer and the mid-point ‘M’ of the main transformer will 𝑉𝐿 𝑏2 𝑁2 𝑏1
2 2
be - 𝑉𝐴𝑀 = 𝑉𝐴𝐵 − 𝑉𝐵𝑀
Load
C
2
𝑉𝐿 3𝑉𝐿2 3 Main
∴ 𝑉𝐴𝑀 = 𝑉𝐿2 − = = 𝑉𝐿 = 0.866 𝑉𝐿 transformer
2 4 2

Hence, the voltage across the primary winding of the teaser

transformer will be 0.866 times the voltage across the
primary of the main transformer.
SCOTT CONNECTION: Teaser
transformer
Voltages across primaries Voltages across secondaries
A 𝑎2
a2
𝑉𝐿 0.866 𝑁1
A
0.866 𝑉𝐿 𝐴 𝑁2 Load
𝑉𝐿
a1 3-ph
𝑉𝐿 𝑎1
C 𝑉𝐿 M 𝑉𝐿 B b1 b2 AC
2 2 Supply 𝑉𝐿 𝑁1ൗ 𝑁1ൗ
2 𝑀 2
For a balanced two-phase system, the voltages across two B
𝐵 𝐶
secondaries should be of same magnitude.
𝑏2 𝑁2 𝑏1
𝑁2 𝑉𝐿
If the transformation ratio 𝐾 = is same for both the main and
𝑁1
Load
teaser transformer, then the secondary voltages of two C
transformers cannot be equal. Main
transformer
If the primary of the teaser transformer consists of 0.866 times
the primary turns of the main transformer, then the voltages
across the two secondaries a1a2 and b1b2 will be equal.
Hence 86.6% tapping must be provided on the primary of
teaser transformer and 50% tapping on the primary of main
transformer.
SCOTT CONNECTION: Teaser
transformer
Voltages across primaries Voltages across secondaries
A 𝑎2
a2
𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿 0.866 𝑁1
A
N 3 𝐴 𝑁2 Load
𝑉𝐿
0.288 𝑉𝐿 a1 3-ph
𝑉𝐿 𝑎1
C 𝑉𝐿 M 𝑉𝐿 B b1 b2 AC
2 2 Supply 𝑉𝐿 𝑁1ൗ 𝑁1ൗ
2 𝑀 2
The neutral point N of the three-phase system will be on the B
𝐵 𝐶
teaser transformer.
𝑏2 𝑁2 𝑏1
𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿
The voltage between A and N, 𝑉𝐴𝑁 =
3
Load
C
3
The voltage between A and M, 𝑉𝐴𝑀 = 𝑉𝐿 Main
2
transformer
Thus the voltage between M and N,
3 𝑉𝐿
𝑉𝑀𝑁 = 𝑉𝐿 − = 0.288 𝑉𝐿
2 3
The neutral point divides the teaser primary winding in the ratio
of 1:2.
SCOTT CONNECTION:
The bahaviour of Scott connection can be discussed under three conditions of
operation:

1) Equal loading on the two secondaries at unity power factor.

2) Equal loading on the two secondaries at lagging power factor.

3) Unequal loading on two secondaries with different power factors.

SCOTT CONNECTION: Teaser
transformer
Voltages across primaries Voltages across secondaries
A 𝑉𝑎 𝑎2 𝐼𝑎
𝐼𝐴 0.866 𝑁1
𝐼𝑎 A
𝐴 𝑁2 Load
𝐼𝐴 = 1.15𝐼𝑎
3-ph
𝑉𝐿 𝑎1
C M B AC
𝐼𝑏 𝑉𝑏
Supply 𝑉𝐿 𝑁1ൗ 𝑁1ൗ 𝐼𝐵𝐶 = 𝐼𝑏
𝑁2 𝐼1 𝐼𝐵 2 𝑀 2
Transformation ratio 𝐾 = = B
𝑁1 𝐼2 𝐵 𝐶
∴ 𝐼1 = 𝐾𝐼2 (neglecting magnetizing current) 𝑏2 𝑁2 𝑏1
𝑉𝐿
Let secondary load currents are 𝐼𝑎 and 𝐼𝑏 and let 𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑏 𝐼𝐶 𝐼𝑏 Load
C
Current in line A = current in teaser transformer, Main
𝑁2 transformer
𝐼𝐴 = 𝐼𝑎 = 1.15𝐾𝐼𝑎
0.866 × 𝑁1
∴ 𝐼𝐴 = 1.15𝐼𝑎 (assuming K = 1)
The current in the primary of main transformer, due to Ib,
𝑁2
𝐼𝐵𝐶 = 𝐼 = 𝐾𝐼𝑏 = 𝐼𝑏 (assuming K = 1)
𝑁1 𝑏
 SCOTT CONNECTION: Teaser
transformer
Voltages across primaries Voltages across secondaries
A 𝑉𝑎 𝐼𝐴 = 1.15𝐼𝑎 (assuming K = 1) 𝑎2 𝐼𝑎
𝐼𝐴 = 1.15𝐼𝑎 𝐼𝐵𝐶 = 𝐼𝑏 (assuming K = 1) 𝐼𝐴 0.866 𝑁1
𝐼𝑎 A
−𝐼𝐵𝐶 𝐼𝐵𝐶 𝐴 𝑁2 Load
𝐼 𝐼
− 𝐴ൗ2 N − 𝐴ൗ2 3-ph 𝐼𝐴
𝑉𝐿 𝑎1
C 𝐼𝐶 AC
𝐼𝐵 B 𝐼𝑏 𝑉𝑏
Supply 𝑉𝐿 𝑁1ൗ 𝑁1ൗ 𝐼𝐵𝐶 = 𝐼𝑏
Primary teaser current 𝐼𝐴 is in phase with the star voltage of the 𝐼𝐵 2 𝑀 2
B
primary supply. 𝐵 𝐶
𝑏2 𝑁2 𝑏1
Current in the primary of main transformer is the resultant of two 𝑉𝐿
components – first is the current 𝐼𝐵𝐶 and second is the half of 𝐼𝐶 𝐼𝑏 Load
teaser primary current, i.e., − 𝐼𝐴ൗ2 C
Main
𝐼𝐴
Current in line B, 𝐼𝐵 = 𝐼𝐵𝐶 − ൗ2 transformer

Current in line C, 𝐼𝐶 = −𝐼𝐵𝐶 − 𝐼𝐴ൗ2

Currents drawn from the three-phase system are balanced for
balanced secondary side load.
 SCOTT CONNECTION IN A NUTSHELL :
Scott ot T connection is used for conversion of three- Teaser
transformer
phase to two-phase and vice versa.
𝑎2 𝐼𝑎
3
Primary turns of teaser transformer are (0.866) 𝐼𝐴 0.866 𝑁1
2
times the primary turns of main transformer. A
𝐴 𝑁2 Load
𝐼𝐴 = 1.15𝐼𝑎
Secondary turns of main and teaser transformer are 3-ph
𝑉𝐿 𝑎1
same which produces equal secondary terminal AC
voltages. Supply 𝑉𝐿 𝑁1ൗ 𝑁1ൗ
𝐼𝐵 2 𝑀 2
B
The current in primary of teaser transformer is 1.15 𝐵 𝐶
times the secondary current. 𝑏2 𝑁2 𝑏1
𝑉𝐿
If the load is balanced on one side it is also balanced 𝐼𝑏
𝐼𝐶 Load
on the other side. C
Main
transformer