Reduction & Enlargement of Plane

Figures

Prepared by O. Walker
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his love is perfected in us.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
By Length of side: Direct method A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xNxYvMMytA

⚫ The drawing shows a

quadrilateral where
Angle DAB = 90°, AB
45 mm, CD = 30mm, DA
= 20 mm and BC = 40
mm.
⚫ Let the reduction and
enlargement ratios by
length of side be 3:5
and 8:5 respectively.
Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane
2
2023 figures Presentation
 By Length of side: Direct method A
Click the link to watch the https://youtu.be/Jm6ycwSn_RQ
construction for the reduction

1. Draw the given

figure, and
produce AB and
AD further. Also
join A to C and
produce further.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
By Length of side: Direct method A
2. Divide AB into 5
equal parts and
label.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
By Length of side: Direct method A

3. Draw B1 C1
parallel to BC and
C1 D1 parallel to
CD to give the
required reduced
figure.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

5
2023 figures Presentation
 By Length of side: Direct method A
Click the link to watch the
construction for the enlargement
https://youtu.be/-rb9kNk9_40

4. To draw the
enlarged figure,
continue the
division of AB to
8 divisions to
point B2. Draw
parallel lines in a
similar way.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

6
2023 figures Presentation
By Length of side: Direct method B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lFQfz8WasKk

⚫ The drawing shows a

quadrilateral where
Angle DAB = 90°, AB
45 mm, BC = 40mm,
CD = 30 mm and DA
= 20 mm.
⚫ Let the reduction and
enlargement ratios by
length of side be 3:5
and 8:5 respectively.
Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane
7
2023 figures Presentation
By Length of side: Direct method B
1. Draw the given
figure. Locate P
near the middle and
draw lines from P as
shown.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

8
2023 figures Presentation
By Length of side: Direct method B
2. Divide PB into 5
equal parts and from
point 3 (B1), draw
parallels to obtain
the required figure.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
By Length of side: Direct method B
3. To draw the
enlarged figure,
continue the equal
divisions to point 8
(B2) and draw
parallels as before.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
Radial lines: Method A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQlWTDOT47U

⚫ The drawing shows a quadrilateral

(shaded) of sides AB = 45 mm, BC = 40
mm, CD = 30 mm, DA = 20 mm and
angle DAB = 90°.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

11
2023 figures Presentation
 To reduce in the ratio of 3:5
1. Draw the given figure and locate P
conveniently outside it.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
 To reduce in the ratio of 3:5
2. Join P to all the corners of the quadrilateral
and produce further.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
To reduce in the ratio of 3:5
3. Divide PB into 5 equal parts and label
the divisions. Label point 3, B1 and
draw A1 B1parallel to AB.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
To reduce in the ratio of 3:5
4. For the other corners B1, C1 and D1,
lines are drawn parallel to the original
figure as before.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
To enlarge in the ratio 8:5
1. From point B step off three additional
points extending to point 8.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
To enlarge in the ratio 8:5
2. Draw line B2 A2 parallel to AB, and
continue drawing parallel lines as before.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
By area: To halve area

1. Draw a square
of sides 60 mm
and the
diagonals AC
and BD
intersecting at
E.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
By area: To halve area
2. Using D as
centre and
radius DE,
draw an arc to
meet AD at F
to give one
side of the
square FGHD.
Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane
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2023 figures Presentation
By area: To double area
1. Draw the given
square of sides
40 mm, and
diagonal AC.
Produce BA and
AD.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

20
2023 figures Presentation
By area: To double area
2. Using A as centre
and radius AC
draw an arc to
meet AD
produced at E.
AE is one side of
the required
square AGFE.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

21
2023 figures Presentation
 To reduce the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio of 3:5
1. Draw the
quadrilateral given
that AB = 70 mm,
BC = 50 mm, CD =
45 mm, DA = 20
mm and angle DAB
= 90°.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

22
2023 figures Presentation
 To reduce the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio of 3:5
2. Produce AB further
and from B step
off 5 equal
divisions. Number
the points as
shown.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

23
2023 figures Presentation
 To reduce the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio of 3:5
3. Bisect A — 5 at E
and draw a
semicircle. Also
bisect A — 3 at D
and draw another
semicircle.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

24
2023 figures Presentation
 To reduce the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio of 3:5
4. Drop a
perpendicular from
B to intersect the
two semicircles at
3’ and 5’.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

25
2023 figures Presentation
 To reduce the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio of 3:5
5. Join 5’ to A and
draw 3’ F parallel
to it. Line BF is,
one side of the
new figure which
can be completed
by drawing
parallels as
shown.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

26
2023 figures Presentation
 To enlarge the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio 7:4
1. Draw the quadrilateral
given that AB =45
mm, BC =40 mm, CD
= 30 mm, DA = 20
mm and angle DAB =
90°.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

27
2023 figures Presentation
 To enlarge the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio 7:4
2. Produce AB further
and from B step off
7 equal divisions.
Number the points as
shown. Also produce
BC, BD and BA
further.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

28
2023 figures Presentation
 To enlarge the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio 7:4
3. Bisect A — 7 at
E and draw a
semicircle. Also
bisect A — 4 at
F and draw
another
semicircle.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

29
2023 figures Presentation
 To enlarge the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio 7:4
4. Drop a
perpendicular
from B to
intersect the two
semicircles at 4’
and 7’.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

30
2023 figures Presentation
 To enlarge the area of an irregular
quadrilateral in the ratio 7:4
5. Join 4’ to A and
draw 7’ G parallel
to it. Line BG is
one side of the
new figure which
can be completed
by drawing
parallels as
shown.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

31
2023 figures Presentation
To draw a circle equal to twice
the area of a given circle
1. Draw the smaller
circle of radius
25 mm.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

32
2023 figures Presentation
To draw a circle equal to twice
the area of a given circle
2. Using a 45° set
square draw the
lines AC and BD
through 0, the
centre of the
given circle.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

33
2023 figures Presentation
To draw a circle equal to twice
the area of a given circle
3. Complete the
square ABCD.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

34
2023 figures Presentation
To draw a circle equal to twice
the area of a given circle
4. Using D as
centre and
radius DA draw
the required
circle.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation
⚫ Note: To draw a circle equal to half
the area of the given circle, the
procedure should be reversed.

Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane
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2023 figures Presentation
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Monday, November 27, Reduction & enlargement of plane

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2023 figures Presentation