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Chemistry Lab Report Titration

1) The document describes a chemistry lab experiment to determine the concentration of an unknown NaOH solution by titrating it with a standard HCl solution of a known concentration. 2) The experiment involves slowly adding the HCl to the NaOH using a burette until the color changes from blue to light yellow, indicating neutralization. 3) By measuring the volume of HCl needed to reach the endpoint and knowing the concentration of the HCl, the concentration of the NaOH can be calculated. The experiment is repeated several times to obtain precise results.

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30 views

Chemistry Lab Report Titration

1) The document describes a chemistry lab experiment to determine the concentration of an unknown NaOH solution by titrating it with a standard HCl solution of a known concentration. 2) The experiment involves slowly adding the HCl to the NaOH using a burette until the color changes from blue to light yellow, indicating neutralization. 3) By measuring the volume of HCl needed to reach the endpoint and knowing the concentration of the HCl, the concentration of the NaOH can be calculated. The experiment is repeated several times to obtain precise results.

Uploaded by

georgemarkoul100
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chemistry Lab Report:

Determination of NaOH Aqueous Solution Concentration via Titration


with an HCl Standard Solution
DESIGN:
1. Introduction:
Titration (def): The process of chemical analysis in which the quantity
of some constituent of a sample is determined by adding to the measured
sample an exactly known quantity of another substance with which the
desired constituent reacts in a definite, known proportion.
Titration was first invented in the 18th century by François Antoine Henri
Descroizilles, but the term “titre”, from which titration originates from was first
used in 1828 by a French chemist named Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and
meant “to determine the concentration of a substance in a given sample".

2. Research Question:
In this experiment, the research question that is posed is what the
concentration of a NaOH aqueous solution is when neutralized with an HCl
standard solution with a concentration of 0.100 mol*dm^-3.

3. Variables:
 Dependent Variables: The dependent variables are the concentration
of the HCl and the colour that would appear when the solution has
been neutralized because of the Bromothymol Blue Indicator.
 Independent Variable: The independent variable in this experiment is
the amount of NaOH that is required to neutralize the HCl solution.
 Controlled Variables: The controlled variables for this lab are the
volume of HCl that was added to the NaOH solution for the titration and
the concentration of the NaOH

4. Materials & Apparatuses used for this lab experiment:


1. Apparatuses:
 Iron stand
 Burette, 50 cm^3 (+/-0.05 cm^3) Grade B
 Funnel
 Safety Pipette Filler
 Beaker, 150 cm^3 (waste beaker)
 Beaker, 600 cm^3
 x2 Beaker 50 cm^3
 Pipette, 10 cm^3 (Grade A or B)
 x4 Conical Flasks, 250 cm^3
 Plastic Dropper
 Marker or Labels
2. Materials:
 NaOH unknown solution
 Deionized water
 HCl, 0.100 mol/dm^-3 (+/-0.002)
 Bromothymol Blue Indicator
 Filter Paper
 A white piece of paper

5. Safety Instructions:
This experiment requires cautiousness since it includes HCl (even
though it is diluted in water the experimenters still need to be careful around
it). In addition, they must be careful when using the glass beaker since they
can easily break and cause harm to anyone not careful enough. Finally
referring to the MSDS, the people conduction the experiments should try their
best not to cause any accidents to any material damage and should behave
accordingly for a lab.

6. Method:
There are parts of the experiment that are already prepared for the
experimenters by the lab technicians such as the cleaning of the burettes and
the pipette, the placement of the burette on the iron stand.
1. Label the two 50 cm^3 beakers, HCl and NaOH accordingly
2. Pour the NaOH and the HCl into separate beakers
3. Using the pipette, take 10 cm^3 of the NaOH and pour it into one of
the four conical flasks.
4. Fill the rest of this conical flask with water up to the line that
indicates the 250 cm^3
5. Add the blue indicator to the NaOH conical flask and mix carefully
6. With a closed burette so the liquid doesn’t spill and a funnel, add
the HCl until it is full
7. Take notes of the initial measurement of the burette so you know
how much HCl you added to the NaOH solution
8. Place the conical flask underneath the burette and slowly open the
valve that is at the bottom of a burette
9. Your left hand should hold the valve of the burette to adjust the rate
at which the HCl is flowing out and your right hand should be
stirring the conical flask,
10. Wait and repeat this process slowly and carefully until your solution
turns from blue to a light yellow
11. When you think your solution has been neutralized, remove it from
underneath the burette, hold it in front of the white paper to see
whether your solution has turned yellow, and wait for about 10-20
seconds to see if it changes back to its original colour
12. If it doesn’t, the solution has been neutralized. Record the burettes
measurement to figure out how much HCl you have added to the
solution
13. Since the first flask was used as a rough indicator for HCl needed,
(hence why it’s called a rough titration) you record this
measurement, but it is not included in the results
14. Repeat this process 3 more times, each time refilling the burette
with HCl, so your measurements are more accurate, and you don’t
accidentally fall below its measuring range, and more if your results
aren’t accurate or precise enough
15. Note down your measurements every time and add them to a table
so it’s easier to interpret them

ANALYSIS:
1. Raw Data:

Burette Readings/ Rough Run 1 Run 1 Run 1 Run 1 Run 4


cm^3 (+/-0.05)
Final 10.60 20.40 30.20 40.00 49.80
Initial 0.00 10.60 20.40 30.20 40.00
Volume taken 10.60 9.80 9.80 9.80 9.80
(+/- 0.10)
Table 1: Volumes of Standard HCl 0.1000 mol dm^-3 solution measured during the titration of the
NaOH unknown solution

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion to find out the amount of HCl needed to neutralize 10cm^3 of


NaOH, by using titration, several measurements need to be taken and several takes
of the same procedure need to happen to gather a precise and accurate result, and
because of the precision of the calculations above, it can be confidently said that in
order to neutralize 10 cm^3 of NaOH with HCl, about 9.8 cm^3 are needed.

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