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Measuring Voltage

This document discusses measuring voltage using different tools. It describes how digital multimeters and oscilloscopes can be used to measure voltage. A digital multimeter displays the potential difference between its voltage (V) and common (Com) terminals. An oscilloscope similarly displays the voltage between its entrance (E) and mass (M) terminals. The document explains how to connect these tools and interpret positive and negative voltage readings. It also demonstrates how an oscilloscope can visualize voltage over time through its sweeping function and how to calculate voltage measurements using the oscilloscope's sensitivity setting. Finally, it shows examples of alternating sinusoidal, triangular, and square voltage waveforms and defines their maximum voltage and period.

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tarekwehbe360
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24 views28 pages

Measuring Voltage

This document discusses measuring voltage using different tools. It describes how digital multimeters and oscilloscopes can be used to measure voltage. A digital multimeter displays the potential difference between its voltage (V) and common (Com) terminals. An oscilloscope similarly displays the voltage between its entrance (E) and mass (M) terminals. The document explains how to connect these tools and interpret positive and negative voltage readings. It also demonstrates how an oscilloscope can visualize voltage over time through its sweeping function and how to calculate voltage measurements using the oscilloscope's sensitivity setting. Finally, it shows examples of alternating sinusoidal, triangular, and square voltage waveforms and defines their maximum voltage and period.

Uploaded by

tarekwehbe360
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Measuring Voltage

(Potential Difference)
Part 1
Measuring Tools

• Part (1)

➢ Digital Multimeter

• Part (2)

➢ Oscilloscope
Ammeters versus Voltmeters

Ammeters measure current Voltmeters measure voltage

Connection Mode
Ammeters are connected in Voltmeters are connected in
series parallel

Device Internal Resistance


Ammeters have very little Voltmeters have very large
resistance resistance
Ammeters Connected in Series
Voltmeters Connected in Parallel
Digital Voltmeter – Scale to Choose
Digital Voltmeter – Scale to Choose
Digital Voltmeter – Scale to Choose
Digital Voltmeter – Scale to Choose
Measuring Voltage
(Potential Difference)
Part 2
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

• A voltmeter has 2 terminals: (V) and (Com). On its screen it displays the potential difference
between them, UV-Com.
• If (V) is connected to the positive pole of the battery and (Com) to the negative one, then
UV-Com is positive. Otherwise, UV-Com is negative.
• Similarly, an oscilloscope has entrance (E) or phase (like (V)) and mass (M) (like (Com)). On
its screen the voltage UE-M is displayed.
• If UE-M is positive, then the luminous line (or spot when no sweeping) displaces upward.
However, in case UE-M is negative, the displacement is downward.
Coaxial cable:
involves both phase
and mass.
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

“Sweeping”
setting turned
Off.

Without
“Sweeping” a
luminous spot
appears on the
screen.
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

“Sweeping”
setting
turned On.

With
“Sweeping” a
luminous line
appears on the
screen.
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

The luminous
line displaces
upward.

A positive voltage is
applied
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

The luminous
line displaces
downward.

A negative voltage is
applied
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

Vertical
sensitivity
selected is:
Voltage measured: Sv = 1 V/div

U = Sv x Y
U = 1 x 1.6 = 1.6 V
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

Vertical
sensitivity
selected is:
Voltage measured: Sv = 0.5 V/div
U = Sv x Y
U = 0.5 x 3.2 = 1.6 V
Using Oscilloscope: Visualize & Measure Voltage

Vertical
sensitivity
selected is:
Sv = 1 V/div

Voltage measured:
U = Sv x Y
U = 1 x (-2) = -2 V
Variable Voltages
Sinusoidal – Triangular – Square
Alternating Sinusoidal Voltage
Alternating Triangular Voltage
Alternating Square Voltage
Maximum Voltage: Umax
Maximum Voltage: Umax
Period T (time for 1 oscillation)
Period T (time for 1 oscillation)

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