ASSIGNMENT No.

1
Islamist assignment
Q. 1 What are the ethical values of Islam? How would you convince a non-
Muslim to embrace Islam?

Answer 1: The ethical values of Islam include compassion, justice, honesty, humility, and
respect for others. To convince a non-Muslim to embrace Islam, I would emphasize the
universality of its principles, the sense of community and belonging it offers, the spiritual
fulfillment found in its practices, and the emphasis on leading a righteous and purposeful life
aligned with the will of God. I would also highlight the beauty of Islamic teachings, its rich
history, and the positive impact it has had on individuals and societies throughout the world.
Additionally, I would encourage open dialogue and provide resources for further exploration.

Q. 2 Explain different religions of world with Islam and highlight the

differences and commonalities.
Answer 2:
There are many religions practiced around the world, each with its own beliefs, practices, and
cultural influences. Islam is one of the major world religions, alongside Christianity, Judaism,
Hinduism, Buddhism, and others. Here’s a brief overview of some key religions and their
commonalities and differences with Islam:
1. Christianity:
- Commonalities: Belief in one God, moral teachings emphasizing love, compassion, and
charity.
- Differences: Belief in the Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit), divinity of Jesus Christ, salvation
through faith in Jesus.

2. Judaism:
- Commonalities: Monotheism, emphasis on ethical living and social justice.
- Differences: Different interpretations of scripture and religious law, rejection of Jesus as the
Messiah.

3. Hinduism:
 - Commonalities: Belief in karma (the law of cause and effect), spiritual growth through self-
realization and meditation.
- Differences:
Polytheism, belief in reincarnation, caste system, emphasis on dharma
(duty) and moksha (liberation from the cycle of rebirth).
4.Buddhism:
- Commonalities: Ethical teachings emphasizing compassion, mindfulness, and
inner peace.
- Differences:
Absence of belief in a supreme deity, emphasis on personal enlightenment
and liberation from suffering through the Noble Eightfold Path.

5. Sikhism:
- Commonalities: Belief in one God, emphasis on equality and community service.
- Differences:
Unique practices such as wearing the Five Ks, a distinct scripture (Guru Granth Sahib), and a
strong emphasis on social justice.
In terms of commonalities, many religions share fundamental ethical values such as compassion,
justice, and kindness. They also often provide frameworks for spiritual growth, moral guidance,
and community support.
However, differences arise in their beliefs about the nature of God, the afterlife, rituals,
scriptures, and the path to salvation or enlightenment. Islam, for example, emphasizes strict
monotheism, the finality of prophethood with Muhammad, the importance of the Quran as the
literal word of God, and the concept of accountability in the afterlife through deeds and faith.
Despite these differences, many religions promote peace, understanding, and mutual respect
among all people, fostering harmony and cooperation in diverse societies.

Q. 3 Write a long note on Seerah of the Holy Prophet (PBUH ). Differentiate

between his teachings in Meccan and Madini period.
Answer:3
The Seerah of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), or the biography of Prophet Muhammad,
is a profound and comprehensive narrative that encapsulates his life, teachings, and the socio-
political context in which he lived. It is a source of guidance, inspiration, and enlightenment for
Muslims worldwide. The Seerah is divided into two main periods: the Meccan period and the
Madinan period. Each period has distinct characteristics and teachings that reflect the challenges
and circumstances faced by the Prophet and his followers.
The Meccan period, spanning approximately 13 years, is marked by the Prophet's mission as a
messenger of God in the city of Mecca. During this time, the primary focus of the Prophet's
teachings was on monotheism, moral rectitude, and social justice. Despite facing immense
opposition and persecution from the Quraysh tribe, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized
patience, perseverance, and forgiveness. His teachings emphasized the importance of worshiping
one God (Tawheed), establishing justice in society, and treating others with compassion and
kindness.
In the Meccan period, many foundational aspects of Islam were established, including the
recitation and preservation of the Quran, the concept of prophethood, and the importance of
prayer and charity. The Prophet's message during this time centered on inviting people to Islam
through peaceful means and dialogue, even in the face of hostility and rejection.
The Madinan period began when the Prophet migrated from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE,
marking a significant turning point in Islamic history. This period lasted for approximately 10
years and was characterized by the establishment of a cohesive Muslim community, known as
the ummah, in Medina. The teachings of Prophet Muhammad during this period were more
comprehensive and encompassed various aspects of life, including governance, social
organization, and warfare.
In Medina, the Prophet (PBUH) served as a statesman, legislator, and military leader, guiding the
Muslims in matters of governance, diplomacy, and defense. His teachings during this period
included the establishment of the first Islamic state based on justice, equality, and the rule of law.
The Constitution of Medina, drafted by the Prophet, laid the foundation for religious tolerance,
social cohesion, and mutual cooperation among different tribes and communities.
Additionally, the Madinan period witnessed the development of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and
the implementation of specific legal injunctions revealed in the Quran and through the Prophet's
teachings (Sunnah). The Prophet's leadership during various conflicts and battles was
characterized by strategic planning, ethical conduct, and mercy towards enemies.
In summary, while the Meccan period focused on spiritual and moral teachings, the Madinan
period expanded to encompass a broader spectrum of societal, legal, and political guidance. Both
periods of the Prophet's life serve as exemplary models for Muslims in navigating challenges,
upholding principles of faith, and promoting peace and justice in society.

Q. 4 What are the effects of Islamic rule on humanity in the world in history
and compare it with other religions and their rule?
Answer:4
Assessing the effects of Islamic rule on humanity requires a nuanced analysis, as it has had both
positive and negative impacts throughout history. Some of the positive effects include:
1.Advancements in science and scholars
Islamic civilization made significant contributions to
mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy during the Islamic Golden Age,
preserving and building upon knowledge from ancient civilizations like Greece, Rome,
Persia, and India.

2.Cultural exchange and trade:

Islamic empires facilitated extensive trade networks, connecting the East and West
and fostering cultural exchange, which contributed to the spread of ideas, technologies, and
goods.
3.Tolerance and coexistence:
In many cases, Islamic rulers demonstrated tolerance towards religious
minorities, allowing them to practice their faith and participate in society. For example,
during the Ottoman Empire, Jews and Christians lived relatively peacefully under Islamic
rule.
However, there have also been negative aspects to Islamic rule, including:
1.Social and religious restrictions:
In some cases, Islamic rulers imposed strict religious laws and social
norms that limited individual freedoms, particularly for women and religious minorities.
2.Political instability and conflicts.
Like any other empire or political system, Islamic rule has been associated with
wars, conquests, and power struggles, leading to periods of instability and conflict.
Comparing the effects of Islamic rule with other religions and their rule is complex and varies
depending on the specific context and historical period. For example:

Christianity
Christian rule has also had both positive and negative effects on
humanity.
The Christianization of Europe contributed to the spread of literacy, education,
and humanitarian values, but it also led to conflicts such as the Crusades and the
Inquisition.
Buddhism
 Buddhist rulers, particularly in ancient and medieval Asia,
promoted peace, tolerance, and cultural flourishing. However, Buddhist kingdoms
also engaged in wars and conquests, and there have been instances of persecution
of minority groups.
Hinduism:
Hindu rulers have historically presided over periods of great
cultural and intellectual achievements, as well as social order and stability.
However, Hindu societies also had caste-based discrimination and social
inequalities.
In summary, assessing the effects of Islamic rule on humanity requires a nuanced understanding
of its historical context and comparing it with other religious and political systems reveals a
complex picture with both positive contributions and negative consequences.

Q. 5 What are the rights of minorities in Islam?

Answer : 5
In Islam, minorities are entitled to certain rights, including:
1. Freedom of religion
Non-Muslim minorities have the right to practice their
religion freely.
2.Protection of life and property
Muslims are obligated to protect the lives and properties of minorities living
among them.
3.Equality before the law Minorities are entitled to
equal treatment under Islamic law.
4.Right to justice
Minorities have the right to seek justice and have their disputes
resolved fairly.
5.Right to maintain cultural identity:
Minorities have the right to maintain their cultural identity and traditions within the
framework of Islamic society.
These principles are based on Islamic teachings emphasizing compassion, justice, and respect for
diversity.