Coordination and Control EyeObjectives ection 8 = Copedination and Control 6.8 explain the response of he sense Tndlude the names of sense organs and stimu 6.9 relate the internal structures of the eye totheir functions, IRetaSTHBERAG BANE cagram of he eve (internal view) 6.10 explain how images are formedin the eye Include labeling of diagrams. E:11 explain accommodation inthe eye Tndlude the role of cliary muscle and the suspensory ligaments, 6.12 discuss the causes of, and corrective measures for eye defects and diseases: Include myopia (short sightedness) and hhyperopia/hypermetropia (long sightedness) {and astigmatism, glaucoma, and cataracts. {Link to Speofic Objective 09). Include labeling of diagramSub Objectives . Given 5 of parts of the eye, for at least 3 functions students will state the part that carries it out correctly. Given actions of the eye when looking at near and far objects, for at least 3 actions, students will state whether individual is looking at a near or far object, Given 5 sight defects, students will match at least 3 sight defects to its description correctly Given 5 sight defects, students will match at least 3 sight defects to its cause correctly . . .Sense Organs e Recall Sense organs contain receptors. e Here is a table showing, different stimuli and the sense organs that contain receptors to detect themSense Organs Stimuli |Touch, Temperature, Pain, —_| |Riglisure. Sense Organs that contain __| Ride oe Eye Ear Chemicals in food Tongue Sound and change in position \NoseThe Eye \" Do you know the function of this Sense organ?The Eye © Allow us to detect the stimuli of lightThe Eye oR Do you know the parts of this Sense organ? onmoom>The Eye Sclera Conjunctiva Retina Cornea Fovea rns Pupil Iris ‘Suspensory Ligaments Ciliary Muscles Blind Spot Optic Nerve Do you know the parts of this Sense organ?The Eye © https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axpCN6Vj9p0 — Functions of theparts of the eye zFunctions of Parts of the Eye Part Description/Function Sclera The white art of the eye. Together with cornea form the protective layer of the eye Cornea The transparent part of the front of the eyeball. It refracts the light entering the eye onto the lens. Iris Controls the amount of light entering the eye by controlling the size of the pupil Pupil Allows light to enter the eye Lens Focuses light onto the retinaFunctions of Parts of the Eye Part Description/Function Vitreous Helps to maintain the shape of the eye Renee" Receive light that enters the eye to aid in the formation of an image. Optic Nerve Takes information from receptors to CNS.How Images are Formed e The muscles of the iris controls the size of the pupil to allow light to enter into the eye By accommodation, The lens helps to focus light onto the retina ¢ The light stimulates light sensitive cells on the retina * Rods ~ help to see black and white. © Cones ~ help to see colour. © Blind spot ~ absence of rods or cones.How Images are Formed © The lens is a convex lens, so when it focuses light onto the retina, the image formed is upside down (inverted). e Information is sent along the optic nerve to the brain. e The brain then processes the information, flips the image, and were able to see image right side up.How Images are Formed Convex iens turns The brain then fips Image formed on retina image upside down the image is upside down ‘andjsmaller ObjectAccommodation ‘* The lens focuses light onto the retina. At times has to change its shape to refract (bend) light ‘coming from near and far objects. Accommodation is the changing of the shape of the lens to focus on objects far away or close.Accommodation Suspensory EPSRC QUNSLONEce __| ERERGIRALREIN RARE more Ligaments and ' wee | Bakaetayscte: Thin Thick Light refracted Thin lens bgtely refracts the light Thigk lens refracts the light a lot suspensor y ligaments ciliary musclesSight defects ~ Far Sightedness(Hyperopia) Cause - Lens too thin Sign/Symptom: only can see far object. Cannot see near objects. Thin lens does not bend light enough when looking at near object * Solution: Convex lensFar Sightedness (Hyperopia) cman Sesian bocaebeNear Sightedness (Myopia) Cause - Lens too Thick Sign/Symptom: only can see near object. Cannot see far objects. Thick lens bends light too much when looking at far object Solution: Concave lensNear/Short Sightedness (Myopia) Ee oe acs db Sr we “sAstigmatism ‘© Cause: surface of the lens or comea become unevenly curved ‘© Sign/Symptom : Both near and far objects are distorted «Treatment: use of unevenly shaped lensesCataract * Cause: Occurs when cloudy area forms in lens ‘* Sign/Symptom : Vision is cloudy or blurred Treatment: use of surgically inserting artificial lenses,Glaucoma Cause: flow of aqueous humour is blocked Sign/Symptom : Build up of aqueous humour in the eye which causes pressure to be placed on the optic nerve. If left untreated can result in partial or total loss of vision ‘© Treatment: Treatment include eye drop to reduce fluid production or improve flow of fluid from the eye, Laser treatment or surgery to open drainage canals is also an option.Activity . State the part that carries out the following functions Allows light to enter the eye Controls the size of the pupils Has rods and cones to detect black and white and colour respectivelu .Activity . Given the following features of the eye, state whether the individual is in a bright or dark room. Small Pupil Circular Muscles Contract, Radial Muscles Contract .Activity . Given the following features of the eye, state whether the individual is looking at a near or far object Thin Lens Thick Lens . . . Suspensory Ligaments contract.Activity * Match the following Sight Defect (Premise) Cause (Response) Astigmatism flow of aqueous Far Sightedness (Hyperopia) hansotanishibbcked Glaucoma Lens too thin Unevenly shaped lens