Chemistry 16.

1 SECOND PROBLEM SET

Institute of Chemistry Second Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
University of the Philippines Diliman 3/4 January 2024

General Instructions
1. Place your answers and solutions in a blue book (as the main answer sheet, write legibly).
2. Indicate a clause of confidentiality on your final answer sheet - “I did not copy nor give my answers
to any of my classmates for this written exam”, then place a signature.

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Answer the following questions by writing the letter that
corresponds to the best answer from the choices. (1.5 pts each; Total: 34.5 pts)

1. What can be inferred from a negative change in temperature reported by the thermometer
inserted in the calorimeter set-up?
a. The reaction is endothermic and Ccal is positive.
b. The reaction is exothermic and Ccal is negative.
c. The reaction is endothermic and Ccal is negative.
d. The reaction is exothermic and Ccal is positive.

2. In a coffee-cup calorimeter, 10.00 mL 1.0 M NaOH was mixed with 5.00 mL 1.0 M HCl. An
increase in the calorimeter temperature of 2.50°C was observed. Now, in the same calorimeter,
12.00 mL 0.5 M NaOH was mixed with 3.00 mL 1.0 M HCl. What will happen to the observed
change in calorimeter temperature, ΔTcal?
a. ΔT = 2.50°C
b. ΔT < 2.50°C

Chem 16.1 – Second Semester 2022-2023 PS 2 Page 1 of 7

 Chemistry 16.1 SECOND PROBLEM SET
Institute of Chemistry Second Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
University of the Philippines Diliman 3/4 January 2024

c. ΔT > 2.50°C
d. ΔT = 0°C

3. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the paper chromatography experiment?

I. It is a planar chromatography with filter paper as the solid support.
II. It is a normal phase chromatography with 1% NaCl as the mobile phase.
III. It is liquid-liquid chromatography since both stationary and mobile phases are liquid.

a. I only
b. II and III
c. I and III
d. I, II, and III

4. Which of the following does not affect the Rf value?

a. The height of the filter paper used.
b. The concentration of the solvent used.
c. The type of paper used as solid support.
d. The type of analyte used in the experiment.

5. At acidic pH values, methyl red (HMR) is color red, while at basic pH values, its basic
counterpart MR- is color yellow.
HMR(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + MR-(aq)

When NaOH is added to a methyl red solution, to which species does it react?
a. HMR
b. H2O
c. H3O+
d. MR-

6. The dissolution of NaCl is an endothermic reaction. Which of the following is TRUE?

a. Heat is liberated as a “product” of the dissolution.
b. The observed ∆T of the reaction is positive
c. ∆H of the dissolution process is greater than zero.
d. All of the above

7. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding dynamic equilibrium?

a. A system is in dynamic equilibrium if there is an equal, continuous interconversion
between the reactants and products.
b. The tendency of a system if products are present in excess is to favor the forward
reaction.
c. An increase in temperature favors the forward reaction if the reaction is exothermic.
d. A decrease in the temperature would slow down the reverse reaction if the reaction is
exothermic

8. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the dissolution of NH4Cl(s) in water?

a. Increasing the temperature will increase the solubility of NH4Cl.
b. Test tube feels cold since the dissolution releases heat energy.

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 Chemistry 16.1 SECOND PROBLEM SET
Institute of Chemistry Second Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
University of the Philippines Diliman 3/4 January 2024

c. The sum of ΔHsolute-solute and ΔHsolvent-solvent is greater than ΔHsolute-solvent.

d. The dissolution process is represented by the reaction NH4Cl(s) + H2O(l) → NH4Cl(l).

9. Which of the following is TRUE?

a. Toluene is polar and is miscible with glycerol.
b. Toluene is nonpolar and is miscible with glycerol.
c. Naphthalene is polar and is soluble in water.
d. Naphthalene is nonpolar and is soluble in toluene.

10. Professor C mixed two solutions in a test tube and observed that the mixture was warm. He also
tried to mix 50-mL each of the solutions in a 100-mL volumetric flask and found that the total
volume was lower than the 100-mL mark. What did he mix?
a. Methanol and ethanol
b. Acetone and ethanol
c. Water and methanol
d. Acetone and water

11. Hexane is more volatile than hexanol, hence we would expect hexane to boil and condense first
in a distillation experiment. What might be the possible reason for this?
a. Hexane exhibits H-bonding, while hexanol exhibits dipole-dipole
b. Hexane exhibits dipole-dipole, while hexanol exhibits H-bonding
c. Hexane exhibits H-bonding, while hexanol exhibits London dispersion forces
d. Hexane exhibits London dispersion forces, while hexanol exhibits H-bonding

12. In a simple distillation setup, what path will the distillate travel for it to be isolated from the
crude sample?
a. Receiving flask → three-way adapter → condenser → two-way adapter → Distilling
flask
b. Receiving flask → two-way adapter → condenser → three-way adapter → Distilling
flask
c. Distilling flask → two-way adapter → condenser → three-way adapter → receiving
flask
d. Distilling flask → three-way adapter → condenser → two-way adapter → receiving
flask

13. Which component of the simple distillation setup is NOT properly assembled?

a. Condenser
b. Thermometer
c. Distilling flask

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 Chemistry 16.1 SECOND PROBLEM SET
Institute of Chemistry Second Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
University of the Philippines Diliman 3/4 January 2024

d. Two-way adapter

14. Which of the following equations is TRUE if the water inside the eudiometer is higher
compared to the water inside the beaker?
a. Ptrapped air = Pbar + h/13.6
b. Ptrapped air = Pbar - h/13.6
c. Ptrapped air = Pbar
d. Ptrapped air = Pdry gas - Pwater vapor

15. Due to your foggy glasses, you accidentally recorded a higher temperature reading in the
thermometer. How does this affect the calculated Mg?
a. The calculated Mg will decrease.
b. The calculated Mg will increase.
c. It will have no effect on the calculated Mg.
d. Cannot be determined.

16. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding colligative properties of solutions?
a. Kf and Kb are constants that depend on the nature of the solute.
b. An aqueous solution of NaCl has a lower freezing point than an equimolal aqueous
MgCl2.
c. The magnitude of boiling point elevation is always the same as the freezing point
depression.
d. The van’t Hoff factor of a solute is always equal to the number of ions of solute in an
ideally dilute solution.

17. Which of the following causes the negative deviation of the experimental van’t Hoff factor
from the expected value?
a. Decrease in concentration of solute
b. Increase in the IMFA between solute and solvent
c. Formation of ion pairs by the solute
d. Evaporation of solvent

18. Which of the following pairs is incorrect?

a. Ba(OH)2 : strong electrolyte
b. H3PO4 : strong electrolyte
c. H2O : non-electrolyte
d. HF : weak electrolyte

19. A mixture of aniline (C6H5NH2), a weak base, and hydrocyanic acid will result in?
a. Increase in the concentration of electrolytes
b. Decrease in the concentration of electrolytes
c. Increase in the concentration of non-electrolytes
d. Decrease in the concentration of non-electrolytes

20. What is the final [OH-] if a 25.0 mL solution of pH 4.67 were to be diluted to 100.0 mL?
a. 5.37×10-6
b. 1.87×105

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 Chemistry 16.1 SECOND PROBLEM SET
Institute of Chemistry Second Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
University of the Philippines Diliman 3/4 January 2024

c. 1.87×10-9
d. 5.37×108

21. Which of the following is TRUE when aqueous solutions of NaCH3COO and HCl were
mixed?
a. There is no reaction.
b. Effervescence is observed due to the formed acetic acid.
c. A sour smell is observed due to the formed acetic acid.
d. The color of litmus paper changes from blue to red due to the formed acetic acid.

22. In the reaction between sodium carbonate and acetic acid, what does the evolution of gas
imply about the involved species?
a. Carbonate is a stronger base than acetate.
b. Carbonic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid.
c. The proton is transferred from carbonic acid to acetate.
d. The proton is transferred from carbonate to acetic acid.

23. Based on the reactions below, what is the correct order of the basic species according to
increasing basic strength?
CH3NH2 + HCl → CH3NH3+ + Cl-
HCl + CO32- → Cl- + CO2 + H2O
H2CO3 + CH3NH2 → No reaction

a. CH3NH3+ < H2CO3 < HCl

b. H2CO3 < CH3NH3+< HCl
c. CO32- < CH3NH2 < Cl-
d. Cl- < CH3NH2 < CO32-

II. PROBLEM SOLVING (29 points). Show complete solutions for each of the problem.

1. Calorimetry. In an attempt to determine the enthalpy of neutralization of Mg(OH)2 and HCl,

you performed a constant pressure calorimetry experiment. Calibration was performed by
mixing 5.00 mL 1.00 M NaOH and 5.00 mL 0.500 M HCl. This reaction (ΔHrxn = -55.85 kJ/mol)
was accompanied by a 2.30°C rise in temperature. (15 points)

a. Determine the limiting reactant in the neutralization reaction. (2 points)

b. Calculate the Ccal. Express answer in J/K. (3 points)

Using the same calorimeter, you reacted 0.100 g Mg(OH)2 (MMMg(OH)2 = 58.32 g/mol)with 10.0
mL 1.00 M HCl (MMHCl = 36.46 g/mol). However, in your haste to finish on time, you forgot
that the calorimeter initially contained 5.00 mL water (cwater = 4.186 J/g-K, ⍴water = 1.00 g/mL).
You still continued the experiment and recorded a temperature change from 24.3°C to 27.4°C.

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 Chemistry 16.1 SECOND PROBLEM SET
Institute of Chemistry Second Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
University of the Philippines Diliman 3/4 January 2024

c. Calculate the amount of heat absorbed/gained by the excess water during sample
analysis. (3 points)
d. How did the presence of excess water affect the observed change in temperature?
(Increase, decrease, no effect, indeterminate) Explain. (2 points)
e. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. (1 point)
f. What is the ΔHrxn (kJ/mol) for the reaction? (3 points)
g. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? Explain. (1 point)

2. Paper Chromatography. Boss Carl wanted to know the different dyes found in his candy
product. He used paper chromatography with filter paper as the solid support and ethanol
solution as the solvent. He used four standard dye samples in his experiment (Tartrazine,
Amaranth, Carmoisine, Erythrosine), and he is sure that the dye/s in his candy product is one
or a mixture of these four. He got the resulting chromatogram: (6 points)

a. Calculate the Rf values of the different food colorants (Tartrazine, Amaranth, Carmoisine,
Erythrosine). (2 points, 0.5 points each)
b. Based on polarity, what type of chromatography was Boss Carl using? (1 point)
c. Arrange the following dyes in increasing polarity. (2 points)
d. Which colorant/s was/were used in the Boss Carl’s candy? (2 points)

3. Ideal Gas. Sir lodicakes and his class wanted to test the gas law using aluminum foil (26.98
g/mol). For the experiment, 0.00314 g of aluminum was placed in a beaker with water and then
captured inside a eudiometer filled with 3.00 M HCl. After the reaction, the recorded

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 Chemistry 16.1 SECOND PROBLEM SET
Institute of Chemistry Second Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
University of the Philippines Diliman 3/4 January 2024

temperature was 27°C. The atmospheric pressure was 1 atm and the vapor pressure of water
was 26.7 torr. The figure on the right was obtained after the reaction. (8 points)

a. Write the balanced chemical equation of the reaction

between aluminum and HCl(aq) (1 point)
b. How many moles of H2(g) will be produced when all
aluminum is consumed? (2 points)
c. What is the Pdry gas (in atm) inside the eudiometer? (2
points)
d. How many moles of H2(g) will be produced assuming
ideal gas conditions? (2 points)
e. Calculate for the percent error of H2(g) produced in the
experiment. (1 point)

4. Colligative Properties. A solution was prepared by dissolving 2.50 g of MgCl2 (MM: 95.21
g/mol) in 150.00 g of solvent X. It was determined that the boiling point of this solution was
0.50°C higher than the normal boiling point of the pure solvent X. (8 points)

a. Assuming that the solution is ideally dilute, what is the van’t Hoff factor? (2 points)
b. What is the molal concentration of the solute in the solution? (2 points)
c. What is the Kb of solvent X? (2 points)
d. If the freezing point of pure solvent is -4.53°C and Kf = 3.25°C/m, what is the freezing
point (in °C) of the solution? (2 points)

TOTAL POINTS: 71.5/70 points

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